Theborder of the European Union consists of the land borders thatmember states of theEU share with non-EU states adjacent to the union. The EU shares land borders with 21 countries and 3 dependencies.
The lengths of the borders the European Union and theOverseas Countries and Territories (OCTs)[a] share with different countries and territories are listed below. Maritime borders are not included.
| Country / Dependency | Length[1] | Member states | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 Akrotiri and Dhekelia(U.K.) | 156 km (97 mi) | Cyprus | Open border |
 Albania | 212 km (132 mi) | Greece | |
 Andorra | 118 km (73 mi) | Spain andFrance | Open border |
 Belarus | 1,176 km (731 mi) | Latvia,Lithuania andPoland | |
 Bosnia and Herzegovina | 956 km (594 mi) | Croatia | |
 Brazil | 649 km (403 mi) | France | The border is located inFrench Guiana |
 Gibraltar(U.K.) | 1.2 km (0.75 mi) | Spain | |
 Liechtenstein | 34 km (21 mi) | Austria | Open border throughSchengen |
 Morocco | 18.5 km (11.5 mi) | Spain | The border is located inCeuta,Melilla andPeñón de Vélez de la Gomera |
 Moldova | 683 km (424 mi) | Romania | |
 Monaco | 6 km (3.7 mi) | France | Open border |
 Montenegro | 19 km (12 mi) | Croatia | |
 North Macedonia | 396 km (246 mi) | Bulgaria andGreece | |
 Norway | 2,375 km (1,476 mi) | Finland andSweden | Open border through Schengen |
 Russia | 2,435 km (1,513 mi) | Estonia,Finland,Latvia,Lithuania andPoland | |
 San Marino | 37 km (23 mi) | Italy | Open border |
 Serbia | 1,353 km (841 mi) | Bulgaria,Hungary,Croatia andRomania | |
 Sint Maarten(Kingdom of the Netherlands)[b] | 16 km (9.9 mi) | France | Open border; located inSaint Martin |
 Suriname | 556 km (345 mi) | France | The border is located inFrench Guiana |
 Switzerland | 1,729 km (1,074 mi) | Germany,Austria,France andItaly | Open border through Schengen |
 Turkey | 415 km (258 mi) | Bulgaria andGreece | |
 Ukraine | 1,324 km (823 mi) | Hungary,Poland,Romania andSlovakia | |
| United Kingdom | 499 km (310 mi) | Ireland andFrance[c] | Open border withIreland through theCommon Travel Area |
 Vatican City | 3.5 km (2.2 mi) | Italy | Open border |
| Country / Dependency | Length | OCTs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 Canada | 1,280 m (4,200 ft) | Greenland(Kingdom of Denmark) | Located inHans Island |
 Australian Antarctic Territory(Australia) | N/A | French Southern and Antarctic Lands(France) | Located inAntarctica. Most countries do not recognizeAntarctic territorial claims |
 British Antarctic Territory(U.K.) | |||
| Queen Maud Land(Norway) | |||
 Ross Dependency(New Zealand) | |||
 Argentine Antarctica(Argentina) | |||
 Chilean Antarctic Territory(Chile) |
The northern part ofCyprus is legally part of the EU, but the terms of theacquis communautaire, the EU's body of laws, have been suspended due to it being under the control of theTurkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a self-proclaimedde facto state which is recognized only by Turkey. The two entities are separated by theUnited Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus, which serves as ade facto boundary between them.
In 2004 the European Union developed theEuropean Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) for the promotion of cooperation between the EU and its neighbours to the east and south of the European territory of the EU (i.e., excluding itsoutermost regions outside of Europe),[2] which, in part, includes the Cross-Border Cooperation programme aimed at the promotion of economic development in border areas and ensuring border security.[3]
The Border and Coast Guard Agency, more commonly known asFrontex, was established in 2004. Its main task is external border control of theSchengen Area. Most of its activities are coordinated with the coast and border guards of member states.