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Anexit fare is a method of collecting ridership fees, orfares, from a transportation system, where the fee (or part of the fee) is collected from passengers upon reaching their destination.
Exit fares were used on thesubway lines of the earlyMBTA inBoston, Massachusetts, as a cost-cutting method to be able to collect increased fares without having toupgrade fare collection equipment at station entrances. The perceived unfairness of this system (what to do with a passenger who can't pay the exit fare?) prompted Boston politicianWalter A. O'Brien to commission theprotest song "M.T.A.", which later became ahit song byThe Kingston Trio. The last of the subway exit fares were eliminated from the Boston rail transit lines on December 4, 2006, with the implementation of theCharlieCard (its name a reference to the main character in the protest song). However, theMBTA's trackless trolley routes that used left-side boarding in thelower bus tunnel at Harvard station had exit fares because fares could not be collected during boarding. With the final two trackless trolley routes being converted to standard bus routes with boarding relocated to the upper bus tunnel at Harvard, exit fares were entirely eliminated from the MBTA system beginning March 13, 2022.[1]
InNew York City, this system is used on theAirTrain atJohn F. Kennedy International Airport. The system uses an exit fare to distinguish between intra-airport trips, which are free, and connections to the subway and commuter rail, which are not. A similar system applies atOrly Airport in Paris, where theOrlyval service is free of charge between the airport's terminals, but passengers alighting atAntony station need to pay.
TheIND Rockaway Line charged a double fare south ofHoward Beach Station which entailed the deposit of two tokens for those entering along the line or one token on exit for those arriving from other parts of the system. The unpopular double fare was abolished in 1975.
Exit fares are also charged on theStaten Island Railway atSt. George Terminal andTompkinsville station, because the primary function of the railway is to transport commuters on Staten Island to/from the Staten Island Ferry terminal at St. George. Commuters heading to Manhattan via the ferry pay upon exiting the train at St. George in the morning, and upon entry at St. George in the afternoon. Exit fares are charged at Tompkinsville because it is also within walking distance of the ferry terminal. Before exit fares were charged at Tompkinsville, one could avoid paying the exit fare at St. George by exiting at Tompkinsville and walking to the ferry terminal. By charging entry and exit fares at St. George and Tompkinsville, the other stations on the Staten Island Railway can be run at far lower cost, without any fare collection equipment or station employees present.[citation needed]
On theWashington Metro, riders process theirSmarTrip cards for both entering and exiting the system. The fare is actually deducted from the rider's card upon exiting the system based on the time of day and distance traveled. Exitfare machines located near the fare gates allow riders to add additional value to their cards should they lack sufficient value to exit the station at that location.
Bay Area Rapid Transit also uses a similar fare-collecting method, based on distance but not time of day. On BART, while ticket vending machines outside the paid area accept credit and debit cards as well as cash, the Addfare machine inside the paid area, which must be used if the ticket has insufficient value, accepts cash only. Also, theOakland Airport Connector charges exit fare for riders leaving the airport.
Prior to the fare system being overhauled in 2017, the Port Authority of Allegheny County (since rebranded asPittsburgh Regional Transit) used exit fares to implement a free ride zone indowntownPittsburgh. Riders going toward downtown (and on routes that did not enter downtown) paid on entry. Riders leaving downtown before 7 pm paid on exit. Riders traveling entirely within downtown did not pay at all. After 7 pm, no free rides were provided downtown and all trips were charged a fare upon entry.Metro Transit inKing County, Washington, used a similar system until it was ended on September 29, 2012, as well asTriMet inDowntownPortland, Oregon from 1975 to 1982, when itsFareless Square went to pay on boarding, with transfers as a fare receipt for those leaving the area.
Many lower-volume point-to-pointticket-based transit services use exit fares in one direction, to avoid the expense of maintaining ticket offices at both ends of the line.
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