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Evangelical left

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Christian left movement

TheEvangelical left is aChristian left movement inevangelical Christianity that affirmsconservativeevangelical theology and are politicallyprogressive. It is mainly based in the US, but is also found inLatin America.[1][2]

Doctrine

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The movement affirmsconservativeevangelical theology, such as the doctrines of theincarnation,atonement, andresurrection, and viewing theBible as the primary authority for theChurch.[3] Most leaders in the movement hold a traditional view of marriage. However, in the 2010s, some leaders have stated their support forsame-sex marriage, citing their biblical studies on the subject and spiritual growth as the primary purpose of marriage.[4][5]Unlike other evangelicals, those on the evangelical left often support and utilize modernbiblical exegesis. They often support a moreprogressive political platform and are concerned about issues ofsocial justice.[6][7] Many, for example, are opposed tocapital punishment and are supportive ofgun control,welfare programs and welcoming foreigners.[8] In many cases, they are alsopacifists.

History

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The origins of the movement are located in the 16th century in theAnabaptist movement which fought againstThe Establishment and campaigned for democracy.[9] Other movements were significant, such asAbolitionism in the United Kingdom of the 18th century andAbolitionism in the United States of the 19th century. Some evangelicals have campaigned forwomen's rights, such aspastoral ordination andright to vote.[10][11]

Due to thefundamentalist controversy of the early 20th century, the movement and socialactivism lost momentum.[12] In the late 1940s, evangelical theologians fromFuller Theological Seminary founded inPasadena, California, in 1947, championed the Christian importance of social activism. It experienced a new impetus in the 1960s with the foundation of theSouthern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957, led byBaptist pastorMartin Luther King Jr.[13]

During the 1960s and 1970s, the evangelical left stood forantiwar,civil rights, and anti-consumption principles while supporting doctrinal fidelity and conservative sexual morals.[14]Sojourners magazine, founded in 1971, has been an important voice of the movement.[15] In 1973, 53 evangelical leaders signedThe Chicago Declaration of Evangelical Social Concern, which contributed to the foundation ofEvangelicals for Social Action.[16] The evangelical left had influence in electing the firstborn-again U.S. president,Jimmy Carter, in 1976.[17]

21st century

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In 2007, the organizationRed-Letter Christians was founded byBaptist pastorTony Campolo andShane Claiborne with the aim of bringing together evangelicals who believe in the importance of insisting on issues ofsocial justice mentioned byJesus (in red in some translations of theBible).[18] The election ofDonald Trump in 2016 led to a resurgence of the evangelical left against some of his policies.[19][20][21] Some evangelical Christians see the phrase as political and have since changed how they name themselves.[22][23]

See also

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References

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  1. ^The Gospel Coalition website
  2. ^Oxford University Press website
  3. ^David R. Swartz,Moral Minority: The Evangelical Left in an Age of Conservatism, University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 2012, p. 264
  4. ^ Sarah Pulliam Bailey,From Franklin Graham to Tony Campolo, some evangelical leaders are splitting over gay marriage, washingtonpost.com, June 9, 2015
  5. ^ Matthew Avery Sutton, Darren Dochuk,Faith in the New Millennium: The Future of Religion and American Politics, Oxford University Press, UK, 2015, p. 207
  6. ^Timothy J. Williams,Evangelical Christians are on the left too, theconversation.com, USA, October 17, 2016
  7. ^Ana Ionova,Brazil’s Evangelical Leftist, americasquarterly.org, USA, September 19, 2022
  8. ^Alexis Buisson, Céline Hoyeau,Aux États-Unis, une génération d’évangéliques le cœur à gauche, la-croix.com, 17 June 2019
  9. ^David R. Swartz,Moral Minority: The Evangelical Left in an Age of Conservatism, University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 2012, p. 264
  10. ^David R. Swartz,Moral Minority: The Evangelical Left in an Age of Conservatism, University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 2012, p. 18
  11. ^Rosemary Skinner Keller, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Marie Cantlon,Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America, Volume 1, Indiana University Press, USA, 2006, p. 294-295
  12. ^David R. Swartz,Moral Minority: The Evangelical Left in an Age of Conservatism, University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 2012, p. 18
  13. ^Timothy J. Williams,Evangelical Christians are on the left too, theconversation.com, USA, October 17, 2016
  14. ^David R. Swartz,Moral Minority: The Evangelical Left in an Age of Conservatism, University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 2012, p. 3
  15. ^Anja-Maria Bassimir,Evangelical News: Politics, Gender, and Bioethics in Conservative Christian Magazines of the 1970s and 1980s, University of Alabama Press, USA, 2022, p. 15
  16. ^Brantley W. Gasaway,Progressive Evangelicals and the Pursuit of Social Justice, University of North Carolina Press, USA, 2014, p. 20
  17. ^David R. Swartz,Moral Minority: The Evangelical Left in an Age of Conservatism, University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 2012, p. 110
  18. ^Nick Tabor,Can this preacher's progressive version of evangelical Christianity catch on with a new generation?, washingtonpost.com, USA, January 6, 2020
  19. ^National Public Radio website,Provoked by Trump, the Religious Left is findings its Voice
  20. ^Politico website,Could These Evangelical Democrats Change the Party?
  21. ^Five Thirty Eight website,White, Evangelical and Progressive
  22. ^The Guardian Newspaper,Exvangelicals
  23. ^Red Letter Christians website

Further reading

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External links

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