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European United Left (1989–1993)

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Former left-wing political group of the European Parliament (1989–1993)

European United Left
European Parliament group
Name	European United Left
English abbr.	EUL^[1]
French abbr.	GUE^[2]^[3]
Formal name	Group for the European United Left^[4]
Ideology	Socialism Communism
Political position	Left-wing
From	25 July 1989^[5]
To	January 1993^[6]
Preceded by	Communist and Allies Group
Succeeded by	European United Left (1994–1995)
Chaired by	Luigi Alberto Colajanni^[4]
MEP(s)	28 (25 July 1989)

TheGroup for the European United Left was aleft-wing political group with seats in theEuropean Parliament between 1989 and 1993.

History

[edit]

The Group for the European United Left^[4] (EUL) was formed on 25 July 1989.^[5]

It consisted of MEPs from the DanishSocialist People's Party, theItalian Communist Party, theUnited Left of Spain (including theSpanish Communist Party) and the GreekSynaspismós. It was later joined by theDemocratic Left of Ireland's soleMEP.

EUL collapsed in January 1993^[6] when the Italian Communist Party dissolved itself to establish the post-communistDemocratic Party of the Left, with its MEPs leaving the EUL group to join theParty of European Socialists.^[7]

Sources

[edit]

Development of Political Groups in the European Parliament^[3]
Europe Politique^[5]
Democracy in the European Parliament^[1]
European Parliament MEP Archives^[4]
Political Groups of the European Parliament^[2]
"European Union: Power and Policy-Making" second edition,ISBN 0-415-22164-1^[6]

References

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^^a ^bDemocracy in the European Parliament
^^a ^bPolitical Groups of the European Parliament Archived May 17, 2011, at theWayback Machine
^^a ^bDevelopment of Political Groups in the European Parliament Archived June 7, 2011, at theWayback Machine
^^a ^b ^c ^dEuropean Parliament profile of Luigi Alberto Colajanni
^^a ^b ^cEUL/NGL on Europe Politique
^^a ^b ^c"European Union: Power and Policy-Making" second edition,ISBN 0-415-22164-1 Published 2001 by Routledge, edited by Jeremy John Richardson, Chapter 6 "Parliaments and policy-making in the European Union", esp. page 125, "Table 6.2 Party Groups in the European Parliament, 1979-2000"
^Kurt Richard Luther; Ferdinand Müller-Rommel (2002).Political Parties in the New Europe: Political and Analytical Challenges. Oxford University Press. pp. 307–.ISBN 978-0-19-925322-7.

Political groups of the European Parliament

European People's Party (188)
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (136)
Patriots for Europe (85)
European Conservatives and Reformists Group (79)
Renew Europe (75)
Greens–European Free Alliance (53)
The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL (46)
Europe of Sovereign Nations (27)
Non-Inscrits (30)

Previous groups

Nationalists / far-right	Eurodroite European Right (1984–1989) European Right (1989–1994) Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty (2007) Europe of Nations and Freedom (2015–2019) Identity and Democracy (2019–2024)
National conservatives	European Democratic Union (1965–1973) European Progressive Democrats (1973–1984) European Democratic Alliance (1984–1995) Union for Europe (1995–1999) Union for Europe of the Nations (1999–2009)
Christian democrats / conservatives	Christian Democrats (1953–1979) European People's Party (1979–1999) European Conservatives (1973–1979) European Democrats (1979–1992) Forza Europa (1994–1995) European People's Party–European Democrats (1999–2009)
Liberals / centrists	Liberals and Allies (1953–1976) Liberals and Democrats (1976–1985) Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group (1985–1994) European Radical Alliance (1994–1999) European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (1994–2004) Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (2004–2019)
Social democrats	Socialists (1953–1993) Party of European Socialists (1993–2009)
Communists / far-left	Communists and Allies (1973–1989) European United Left (1989–1993) Left Unity (1989–1994) European United Left (1994–1995)
Greens / regionalists	Rainbow Group (1984–1989) Rainbow Group (1989–1994) Greens (1989–1999)
Eurosceptics	Europe of Nations (1994–1996) Independents for a Europe of Nations (1996–1999) Europe of Democracies and Diversities (1999–2004) Independence/Democracy (2004–2009) Europe of Freedom and Democracy (2009–2014) Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (2014–2019)
Heterogeneous	Technical Group of Independents (1979–1984) Technical Group of Independents (1987) Technical Group of Independents (1999–2001)

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