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| Other names | Aetiocholanolone 5-Isoandrosterone |
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| Formula | C19H30O2 |
| Molar mass | 290.447 g·mol−1 |
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Etiocholanolone, also known as5β-androsterone, as well as3α-hydroxy-5β-androstan-17-one oretiocholan-3α-ol-17-one, is anetiocholane (5β-androstane)steroid as well as anendogenous17-ketosteroid that is produced from themetabolism oftestosterone. It causesfever,immunostimulation, andleukocytosis, and is used to evaluateadrenal cortex function,bone marrow performance, and inneoplastic disease to stimulate theimmune system. Etiocholanolone is also known to be aninhibitoryandrostaneneurosteroid,[1] acting as apositive allosteric modulator of theGABAA receptor,[2] and possessesanticonvulsant effects.[3] The unnatural enantiomer of etiocholanolone is more potent as a positive allosteric modulator of GABAA receptors and as an anticonvulsant than the natural form.[4]
Etiocholanolone has been studied as apyrogenic steroid in the so-called steroid fever (or etiocholanolone fever),[5][6] a condition similar tofamilial mediterranean fever (FMF). Etiocholanolone (likepregnanolone) activates thepyrininflammasome.[7] It is not known whether these endogenoussteroids play a role in triggeringFMF flares but they may make a link betweenstress,menstrual cycle and disease flares.[8][9]
Etiocholanolone is produced from5β-dihydrotestosterone, with3α,5β-androstanediol as anintermediate.
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