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EtherNet/IP (IP = Industrial Protocol)[1] is an industrial network protocol that adapts theCommon Industrial Protocol (CIP) to standardEthernet.[2] EtherNet/IP is one of the leading industrial protocols in the United States and is widely used in a range of industries including factory, hybrid and process. The EtherNet/IP and CIP technologies are managed byODVA, Inc., a global trade and standards development organization founded in 1995 with over 300 corporate members.
EtherNet/IP usesEthernet as its data link and physical layer, theInternet Protocol as its network layer, andTCP andUDP as its transport layer. EtherNet/IP performs at the session layer and above (layers 5, 6 and 7) of theOSI model. CIP uses its object-oriented design to provide EtherNet/IP with the services and device profiles needed for real-time control applications and to promote consistent implementation of automation functions across a diverse ecosystem of products. In addition, EtherNet/IP adapts key elements of the Internet Protocol suite to the CIP object model framework; for example, it uses UDP to transport I/O messages.[3]
Ethernet/IP was estimated to have about 30% share of theindustrial Ethernet market in 2010[4] and 2018.[5]
Development of EtherNet/IP began in the 1990s within a technical working group of ControlNet International, Ltd.(CI), another trade and standards development organization. In 2000, ODVA and CI formed a joint technology agreement (JTA) for the development of EtherNet/IP. In 2009, the JTA was terminated and EtherNet/IP became under the sole control of ODVA and its members. Today, EtherNet/IP is one of four networks that adapt CIP to an industrial network along with DeviceNet, ControlNet and CompoNet. All of these networks are managed byODVA, Inc.
EtherNet/IP classifies Ethernetnodes into predefined device types with specific behaviors. Among other things, this enables:
A portableopen-source implementation named OpENer was started in 2009. The source code is available onGitHub, under an adaptedBSD license.[6]
An open-sourceC++ scanner library named EIPScanner is available onGitHub, under anMIT license.[7]
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