TheOaks Stakes is aGroup 1flathorse race in Great Britain open to three-year-oldfillies. It is run atEpsom Downs over a distance of 1 mile, 4 furlongs and 6 yards (2,420 metres), about 1½ miles, and it is scheduled to take place each year in late May or early June. It is the second-oldest of the fiveClassic races, after theSt Leger. Officially theBetfred Oaks, it is also popularly known as simplyThe Oaks. It has increasingly come to be referred to as theEpsom Oaks in both the UK[citation needed] and overseas countries, although 'Epsom' is not part of the official title of the race.
It is the third of Britain's fiveClassic races to be held during the season, and the second of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the middle leg of theFillies' Triple Crown, preceded by the1000 Guineas and followed by the St Leger, although the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
The event is named afterThe Oaks, an estate located to the east of Epsom which was leased to the12th Earl of Derby in the 18th century. He and his guests devised the race during a party at the estate in 1778. It was first run (as the Oakes Stakes[1]) in 1779, one year before the introduction of theDerby Stakes. The inaugural winner, Bridget, was owned by Lord Derby himself.
The Oaks subsequently became one of Britain's leading events for three-year-olds. By the mid-1860s, the five leading events for this age group were referred to as "Classics". The concept was later adopted in many other countries.
Since 1892, horses have each carried 9stone in the race. Prior to this, there were several fluctuations, from an original 8 stone 4pounds, down to 8 stone, then progressively upwards.[1]
During bothWorld Wars the race was run atNewmarket under the title theNew Oaks Stakes.[1] The 2014 running incorporated the name ofSir Henry Cecil in its title. Cecil, who died in June 2013, trained eight Oaks winners between 1985 and 2007.[2]