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Eprobemide

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Chemical compound

Pharmaceutical compound

Eprobemide
Clinical data

Trade names	Befol(RU)
Other names	Befol
Routes of administration	Oral
Legal status
Legal status	In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
IUPAC name 4-Chloro-N-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propyl]benzamide
CAS Number	87940-60-1
PubChemCID	65659
ChemSpider	59094
UNII	URX5F7RDER
ChEMBL	ChEMBL2104298
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)	DTXSID3046409
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₄H₁₉ClN₂O₂
Molar mass	282.77 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES C1COCCN1CCCNC(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl
InChI InChI=1S/C14H19ClN2O2/c15-13-4-2-12(3-5-13)14(18)16-6-1-7-17-8-10-19-11-9-17/h2-5H,1,6-11H2,(H,16,18) Key:YYFGRAGNYHYWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Eprobemide (INN) is a pharmaceutical drug that was used as anantidepressant in Russia (under the brand nameБефол/Befol).^[1] It is a non-competitivereversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A^[2]^[3] that exhibits selective action on serotonin deamination.^[4] Eprobemide differs frommoclobemide only in the linker that connects the morpholine fragment with the chlorobenzamide — moclobemide has two carbon atoms while eprobemide has three. Its registration was cancelled on December 30, 2003.^[5]

References

[edit]

^Ganellin CR, Triggle DJ (1996).Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents. Vol. 3. CRC Press. p. 811.ISBN 978-0412466304.
^Gol'dina OA, Moskvitina TA, Gankina EM, Kirkel' AZ, Kamyshanskaia NS, Lopatina KI, et al. (March 1991). "[The action of befol and its derivatives on monoamine oxidase of different origins]".Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny.111 (3):279–80.PMID 2054504.
^Donskaya NS, Antonkina OA, Glukhan EN, Smirnov SK (2004-07-01). "Antidepressant Befol Synthesized Via Interaction of 4-Chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)benzamide with Morpholine".Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal. 0091-150X.38 (7):381–384.doi:10.1023/B:PHAC.0000048439.38383.5f.S2CID 29121452.
^"Eprobemide".ChemIDplus.
^"Befol".4DOKTOR.RU Drug Information Handbook (in Russian). Retrieved4 February 2014.

Antidepressants (N06A)

Specificreuptake inhibitors orreceptor modulators

SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors	Citalopram Escitalopram Fluoxetine^# Fluvoxamine Indalpine^‡ Paroxetine Sertraline Zimelidine^‡
SNRIsTooltip Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors	Desvenlafaxine Duloxetine Levomilnacipran Milnacipran Tofenacin Venlafaxine
NRIsTooltip Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors	Atomoxetine Reboxetine Viloxazine
NDRIsTooltip Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors	Amineptine^‡ Bupropion Nomifensine^‡
NaSSAsTooltip Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants	Mianserin Mirtazapine Setiptiline
SARIsTooltip Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors	Etoperidone Nefazodone Trazodone
SMSTooltip Serotonin modulator and stimulators	Vilazodone Vortioxetine
Others	Agomelatine Amisulpride Dextromethorphan/bupropion Esketamine Etryptamine^‡ Gepirone Indeloxazine Flupentixol Ketamine^§ Medifoxamine^‡ Metryptamine^‡ Oxaflozane^‡ Pivagabine^‡ Tandospirone Teniloxazine Tianeptine

Tricyclic andtetracyclic antidepressants

TCAsTooltip Tricyclic antidepressants	Amineptine^‡ Amitriptyline^# Amitriptylinoxide Amoxapine Butriptyline^‡ Clomipramine^# Demexiptiline^‡ Desipramine Dibenzepin Dimetacrine^‡ Dosulepin Doxepin Imipramine Imipraminoxide^‡ Iprindole^‡ Lofepramine Melitracen Metapramine^‡ Nitroxazepine Nortriptyline Noxiptiline Opipramol Pipofezine Propizepine^‡ Protriptyline Quinupramine^‡ Tianeptine Trimipramine
TeCAsTooltip Tetracyclic antidepressants	Maprotiline Mianserin Mirtazapine Setiptiline
Others	Tiazesim

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Non-selective	Irreversible:Benmoxin^‡ Iproclozide^‡ Iproniazid^‡ Isocarboxazid Isoniazid^# Linezolid^# Mebanazine^‡ Nialamide^‡ Octamoxin^‡ Phenelzine Pheniprazine^‡ Phenoxypropazine^‡ Pivhydrazine^‡ Safrazine^‡ Tedizolid Tranylcypromine Reversible:Caroxazone^‡ Mixed:Bifemelane
MAO_ATooltip Monoamine oxidase A-selective	Reversible:Eprobemide Metralindole Minaprine^‡ Moclobemide Pirlindole Tetrindole Toloxatone
MAO_BTooltip Monoamine oxidase B-selective	Irreversible:Selegiline

Adjunctive therapies
Atypical antipsychotics (aripiprazole,brexpiprazole,lurasidone,olanzapine,quetiapine,risperidone) Buspirone Lithium (lithium carbonate,lithium citrate) Thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine (T₃),levothyroxine (T₄))

Miscellaneous
Ademetionine (SAMe) GABAkine neurosteroids (brexanolone,zuranolone) Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort) Oxitriptan (5-HTP) Rubidium chloride (RbCl) Tryptophan

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

Monoamine metabolism modulators

Non-specific

AAADTooltip Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase

Substrates→Products:L-DOPA (levodopa)→Dopamine
5-HTP→Serotonin
L-Histidine→Histamine
Phenylalanine→Phenethylamine
L-Tyrosine→Tyramine
Tryptophan→Tryptamine

MAOTooltip Monoamine oxidase

Substrates→Products (with ALDHTooltip Aldehyde dehydrogenase/ALRTooltip ALR):Epinephrine (adrenaline)→DHMA Metanephrine→MHPG/VMA Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)→DHMA Normetanephrine→MHPG/VMA Dopamine→DOPAC 3-Methoxytyramine→HVA Serotonin→5-HIAA Inhibitors:Non-selective:Benmoxin Caroxazone Echinopsidine Furazolidone Guineesine Hydralazine Indantadol Iproclozide Iproniazid Isocarboxazid Isoniazid Linezolid Mebanazine Metfendrazine Nialamide Octamoxin Paraxazone Phenelzine Pheniprazine Phenoxypropazine Pivhydrazine Procarbazine Safrazine Tranylcypromine
Inhibitors:MAO-A-selective:Amiflamine Bazinaprine Befloxatone Brofaromine Cimoxatone Clorgiline CX157 (Tyrima) Eprobemide Esuprone Harmala alkaloids (e.g.,harmine,harmaline,harman,norharman,tetrahydroharmine,6-methoxyharman) Methylene blue Metralindole Minaprine Moclobemide Pirlindole Sercloremine Tetrindole Toloxatone
Inhibitors:MAO-B selective:Adarigiline Almoxatone D-Deprenyl Desmethylselegiline Ethanol Ladostigil Lazabemide Milacemide Mofegiline Nicotine Pargyline^‡ Rasagiline Safinamide Selegiline (L-Deprenyl) Sembragiline Tisolagiline Vafidemstat

Phenethylamines
(dopamine,epinephrine,
norepinephrine)

PAHTooltip Phenylalanine hydroxylase	Substrates→Products:Phenylalanine→Tyrosine Inhibitors:3,4-Dihydroxystyrene α-Methylphenylalanine
THTooltip Tyrosine hydroxylase	Substrates→Products:Tyrosine→L-DOPA (levodopa) Inhibitors:2-Hydroxyestradiol 2-Hydroxyestrone 3-Iodotyrosine α-Methyl-5-hydroxytryptophan (α-Me-5-HTP) α-Methylphenylalanine Aquayamycin Bulbocapnine Methyldopa (α-methyl-L-DOPA) Metirosine (α-methyl-p-tyrosine) Oudenone
DBHTooltip Dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Substrates→Products:Dopamine→Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) Inhibitors:Bupicomide Disulfiram Dopastin Etamicastat Fusaric acid Nepicastat Phenopicolinic acid Tropolone Zamicastat
PNMTTooltip Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Substrates→Products:Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)→Epinephrine (adrenaline) Inhibitors:CGS-19281A SKF-64139 SKF-7698
COMTTooltip Catechol-O-methyl transferase	Substrates→Products:Dopamine→3-Methoxytyramine DOPAC→Homovanillic acid Norepinephrine→Normetanephrine Epinephrine→Metanephrine DOPEG→MOPEG DOMA→VMA 2-Hydroxyestradiol→2-Methoxyestradiol 2-Hydroxyestrone→2-Methoxyestrone 4-Hydroxyestradiol→4-Methoxyestradiol 4-Hydroxyestrone→4-Methoxyestrone Inhibitors:2-Hydroxyestradiol 2-Hydroxyestrone Entacapone Nebicapone Neluxicapone Nitecapone Opicapone Quinalizarin Tolcapone

Tryptamines
(serotonin,melatonin)

TPHTooltip Tryptophan hydroxylase	Substrates→Products:Tryptophan→5-HTP Inhibitors:AGN-2979 Fenclonine (PCPA) Telotristat ethyl
AANATTooltip Serotonin N-acetyl transferase	Substrates→Products:Serotonin→N-Acetylserotonin
ASMTTooltip Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase	Substrates→Products:N-Acetylserotonin→Melatonin

Histamine

HDCTooltip Histidine decarboxylase	Substrates→Products:L-Histidine→Histamine Inhibitors:Catechin Alpha-Fluoromethylhistidine Histidine methyl ester Meciadanol Naringenin Tritoqualine
HNMTTooltip Histamine N-methyltransferase	Substrates→Products:Histamine→N-Methylhistamine Inhibitors:Amodiaquine Diphenhydramine Harmaline Metoprine Quinacrine SKF-91488 Tacrine
DAOTooltip Diamine oxidase	Substrates→Products:Histamine→Imidazole acetic acid Inhibitors:Pimagedine (aminoguanidine)

See also:Receptor/signaling modulators •Adrenergics •Dopaminergics •Melatonergics •Serotonergics •Monoamine reuptake inhibitors •Monoamine releasing agents •Monoamine neurotoxins

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