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The first inhabitants of the area that is now Entre Ríos were theCharrúa andChaná who each occupied separate parts of the region.Spaniards entered in 1520, whenJuan Rodríguez Serrano ventured up the Uruguay River searching for thePacific Ocean.
The first permanent Spanish settlement was erected in the currentLa Paz Department at the end of the 16th century. As governor ofAsunción first and then ofBuenos Aires,Hernandarias conducted expeditions to Entre Ríos unexplored lands.Juan de Garay, after founding Santa Fe, explored this area, which he calledla otra banda ("the other bank").
However, the region remained entirely indigenous and uninhabited byEuropeans until a group of colonists from neighbouring Santa Fe Province settled on the Bajada del Paraná in the late seventeenth century, now the site of the provincial capital. At the same time towns appear, which we now know asNogoyá,Victoria,Gualeguay,Gualeguaychú,Concepción del Uruguay andConcordia.
Tomás de Rocamora further explored the area in 1783 under the threat of aPortuguese invasion from Brazil, and gave official status to many of the above-mentioned towns. He was also the first to refer to the region asEntre Ríos. At this stage, European settlement was minimal, though during theMay Revolution, the few colonists in the cities along the Paraná shore supportedManuel Belgrano and his army on his way toParaguay.
On September 29, 1820, the leader (caudillo)Francisco Ramírez declared the territory an autonomous entity, theRepublic of Entre Ríos. This lasted until his assassination on July 10 of the next year.
In 1853, in a meeting of all the provinces exceptBuenos Aires, Paraná was elected as the capital of theArgentine Confederation, and the Governor of Entre Ríos and leader(caudillo)Urquiza as its firstpresident. The provincial capital was moved to Concepción del Uruguay. Later Urquiza, who had first won against Buenos Aires at theBattle of Cepeda in 1859, let his troops move back in the evenBattle of Pavón in 1861, which allowed his rivalBartolomé Mitre from Buenos Aires to become president. At the time he was fulfilling his third term as governor of the province from 1860 to 1864 and after a voluntary interruption was reelected in 1886, but he was assassinated in 1870 after altogether 16 years of governing before finishing his mandate, which had probably been ordered by his supportorRicardo López Jordán, not trusting him anymore.
Entre Rios' economy is the sixth largest in Argentina. Its output in 2006 was estimated at US$7.71 billion, or, US$6,710 per capita in 2006 (about a fourth less than the national average).[5] In 2013, its output was estimated at $63.814 billionPesos (about US$11.688 billion) or, 48,327 pesos (about US$8,851) per capita at current market prices.[6][7] This was 21% below the average GDP per capita of 69,678 pesos (about US$12,762) for Argentina in 2013 at current market prices.[6][7]
Its economy has long been more agricultural than the median in Argentina, comprising about 15% of output. Entre Rios' agricultural products includerice (60% of the national production),soybeans,wheat,maize, andcitrus of which it is the second biggest producer, and exporting 16% of the production mainly toEurope.Livestock production focuses oncattle (4.5 million head), and insheep production in a decreasing proportion, covering 60,000 km2. The dairy industry, currently in expansion, produces almost 250 thousandtons per year of dairy products.
Of the national production of chickens and eggs, Entre Ríos contributes 37% of the first and 25% percent of the second. Another emerging production ishoney and its derivatives, mainly for export.
Manufacturing has a sizable presence in Entre Rios, making up another 15% of output. Its industries are mostly linked to agriculture, as in food and drinks industry and flour and ricemills. Other industries include timber-wood, chemical,metallurgy, and machinery.
As part of the Mesopotamic region, the land is almost completely flat, with hills some 100 meters in height. There are two main systems of low hills, calledlomadas orcuchillas: the Cuchilla de Montiel (west) and the Cuchilla Grande (east), which are separated by theGualeguay River.
The name of the province means "between rivers". Entre Ríos is limited and traversed by many rivers and streams: the Paraná River andits delta to the west and south; theUruguay River and theMocoretá River to the east; and theGuayquiraró River to the north.
The climate of Entre Rios is subtropical throughout with no dry season. Under theKöppen climate classification system, the province is classed as having ahumid subtropical climate (Cfa).[8] The mean annual precipitation throughout the province is 1,000 mm or more.[9]
Based on observational data from 1991-2020, across the entire province, the average seasonal mean maximum and minimum temperature across the summer months (December–February) are 31 °C (max) and 18 °C (min), with an average seasonal mean temperature of 24 °C. For the winter months (June–August), the average seasonal mean temperatures are 18 °C (max) and 7 °C (min) with an average seasonal mean temperature of 13 °C. Observed mean seasonal precipitation data for the same time period reports a mean seasonal precipitation of 371 mm in summer (December–February), 348 mm (March–May), 148 mm in winter (June–August) and 302 mm (September–November).[10]
Differences exist within the climate of the province, with the northern parts being warmer than the central and southern parts, with the north experiencing more annual rainfall than the south, but with relatively dry winters, compared with southern parts of the province. but the south experiencing significantly more rainfall in the winter months particularly in the winter months (June–August). In the northern part of the province, towards the province ofCorrientes, mean temperatures range from 13 °C in winter to 27 °C in summer, with a mean annual precipitation of 1,300 mm. In comparison, the climate of southern parts of the province, towards the province ofBuenos Aires becomes slightly more temperate; mean temperatures range from 10 °C in winter to 26 °C in summer, with a mean annual precipitation of 1,000 mm with less variation in seasonal rainfall in winter.[9]
The provincial government is divided into the usual three branches: the executive, headed by a popularly elected governor, who appoint the cabinet; the legislative; and the judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court. The legislative branch is abicameral body composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The Legislature is charged with introducing and passing local laws.
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