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Enedina Arellano Félix

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alleged Mexican drug lord (born 1961)
This name usesSpanish naming customs: the first or paternalfamily name isArellano, and, for married women, the optional marital name isde Toledo.
Enedina Arellano Félix
Born (1961-04-12)April 12, 1961 (age 64)
Other namesLa Jefa
La Madrina
La Narcomami
OccupationTijuana Carteldrug lord
PredecessorEduardo Arellano Félix
Criminal charge(s)Drug trafficking,
money laundering
Criminal statusFugitive
SpouseLuis Raúl Toledo Carrejo
Relatives
List

Enedina Arellano Félix de Toledo (born April 12, 1961)[1] is a Mexicandrug lord who, alongside her brothers, founded theTijuana Cartel and played a role as a logistical accountant for the criminal organization.

Throughout most of the 1990s, the Tijuana Cartel was headed by her six brothers, while Enedina advised and helped them inmoney laundering and financial administration. But after the fall of a financial mastermind in the cartel in 2000, Enedina took up the position.[2] She first started working behind the scenes as a money launderer for the Tijuana Cartel but then ended up leading the cartel after the arrest of her brotherEduardo Arellano Félix in 2008.[3][4]

Since most of her brothers are either incarcerated or deceased, Enedina has managed the financial aspect of the organization, overseen alliances, and taken the lead of the Tijuana Cartel alongside Luis Fernando (before his capture in 2014).[3] Her historical contacts with drug suppliers inColombia managed to keep the organization afloat.[5]

Early life

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Enedina Arellano Félix was born inMazatlán,Sinaloa, on April 12, 1961, in a family of drug traffickers.[6] In 1977, when she was 16, Enedina reportedly harbored a dream of becoming the Mazatlán Carnival Queen but abandoned it after her two brothers,Ramón andBenjamín, were wanted by the United States and the Mexican government. During that time, her older brothers were working forMiguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, who would eventually give them the drug corridor inTijuana, Baja California.[7]

Criminal career

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Enedina enrolled at a private university in Guadalajara, Jalisco, graduating with a bachelor's degree inaccounting.[7] By the mid 1980s, Enedina was working with the family business, but was never considered by the authorities as a visible head in theTijuana Cartel. Nonetheless, after the fall of the former cartel's financial brain, Jesús Labra Avilés, aliasEl Chuy, in the year 2000, Enedina began to directly manage the money laundering activities of the criminal organization.[2]

Family members in the Tijuana Cartel

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Enedina is the sister of former cartel leadersBenjamín,Carlos,Eduardo,Francisco Javier,Francisco Rafael andRamón.[3]Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano captured in 2014, the son of Alicia,[8] Enedina's husband, Luis Raúl Toledo Carrejo, was accused by theUnited States Department of Treasury in the year 2005 for having links with the Tijuana Cartel.[9] Alicia Arellano Félix, the sister of Enedina, is currently a leader in the Tijuana Cartel.[10]

Cartel workings

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Since the apprehension of Benjamín in 2002, the Mexican government was able to severely undermine the Tijuana Cartel but failed to destroy it. Enedina has been a leader in the organization since 2003.[11] After the arrest of Eduardo in 2008, Enedina finally became the leader of the Tijuana clan along with her nephew.[4]

Enedina has helped contribute a more "business-like vision" instead of the old and violent practices of her brothers, who previously led the Tijuana Cartel before they were arrested or killed.[12] She forged alliances with other criminal organizations, as opposed to her brothers, who often resorted to violence.[6] TheDrug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Mexican media identify Enedina as the first and one of the few women to lead a criminal organization in the world other thanSandra Avila Beltran in Mexico andGriselda Blanco in Colombia and the USA, activities historically reserved for men.[2][13]

Enedina has several aliases, including:La Jefa,La Madrina, andLa Narcomami. The authorities in the United States and Mexico consider Enedina the "financial brains" of the Tijuana Cartel.[3][14]

Kingpin Act

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In June 2000, theUnited States Department of the Treasury sanctioned Enedina under theForeign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act.[15]

In media

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Enedina Arellano Félix is portrayed inNarcos: Mexico byMayra Hermosillo.

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Arellano Felix Organization: Tier II Designations"(PDF).Office of Foreign Assets Control.United States Department of Treasury.Archived(PDF) from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  2. ^abcRavelo, Ricardo (30 April 2011)."Enedina Arellano Félix, la primera jefa narca".Proceso (in Spanish).Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  3. ^abcdWilson, Simone (3 September 2011)."Enedina Arellano Felix: Meet Mexico's First Female Drug Lord (Hot)".LA Weekly. Archived fromthe original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  4. ^abVulliamy 2010, p. 26.
  5. ^Dudley, Steven (3 May 2011)."Who Controls Tijuana?".InSight Crime.Archived from the original on 15 November 2012. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  6. ^abSantamaría, Arturo (2012).Las jefas del narco. Grijalbo.ISBN 978-6073109390.
  7. ^abRavelo, Ricardo (1 May 2011)."Enedina, La Jefa".El Diario de Coahuila (in Spanish). Archived fromthe original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  8. ^Ramsey, Geoffrey (14 September 2012)."Woman to Head Gulf Cartel After 'El Coss' Capture: Reports".InSight Crime.Archived from the original on 17 September 2012. Retrieved15 September 2012.
  9. ^Otero, Silvia (19 August 2006)."La PGR busca desmantelar red de "lavado" de los Arellano".El Universal (in Spanish).Archived from the original on 14 February 2009. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  10. ^Castillo, Gustavo (1 September 2012)."Extraditan a Eduardo Arellano Félix a EU".La Jornada (in Spanish).Archived from the original on 5 September 2012. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  11. ^Dávila, Patricia (7 January 2012)."Tijuana, todavía plaza de los Arellano".Proceso (in Spanish).Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  12. ^Hernández Tripp, Carolina."Mujeres en el crimen".Zeta (in Spanish). Choix Editores.Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  13. ^Harris, Paul (11 August 2012)."Fascinated US awaits trial of Mexican drug cartel's 'Queen of the Pacific'".The Guardian.Archived from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  14. ^"Tijuana cartel member arrested in Mexico".Fox News. 3 June 2012.Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. Retrieved16 September 2012.
  15. ^"An overview of the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act and Executive Order 12978 of October 21, 1995"(PDF).Washington, D.C.:United States Department of Treasury. p. 2.Archived(PDF) from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved16 September 2012.

Bibliography

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