| Emperor Go-Murakami 後村上天皇 | |||||
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| Emperor of Japan | |||||
| Reign | September 18, 1339 – March 29, 1368 | ||||
| Enthronement | November 6, 1339 | ||||
| Predecessor | Go-Daigo | ||||
| Successor | Chōkei | ||||
| Shōgun | Ashikaga Takauji Ashikaga Yoshiakira | ||||
| Born | Noriyoshi (義良) 1328 | ||||
| Died | March 29, 1368(1368-03-29) (aged 39–40) | ||||
| Burial | Hinoo no Misasagi (檜尾陵) (Osaka) | ||||
| Issue more... | Emperor Chōkei Emperor Go-Kameyama | ||||
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| House | Imperial House of Japan | ||||
| Father | Emperor Go-Daigo | ||||
| Mother | Fujiwara no Renshi | ||||
| Signature |  | ||||
Emperor Go-Murakami (後村上天皇,Go-Murakami-tennō) (1328 – March 29, 1368) was the 97themperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and a member of the Southern Court during theNanboku-chō period of rival courts. He reigned from September 18, 1339, until March 29, 1368 (Shōhei 23, 11th day of the 3rd month).[1] His personal name was Noriyoshi (義良). He reigned from Sumiyoshi,Ōsaka,Yoshino,Nara, and other temporary locations.
This 14th-century sovereign was named after the 10th-centuryEmperor Murakami andgo- (後), translates as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Murakami". The Japanese wordgo has also been translated to mean the "second one"; and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Murakami, the second", or as "Murakami II".
"Prince Norinaga" was Go-Daigo's son from his "favorite consort of his later years". This was Lady Renshi.[2]: 67
He lived during the turbulent years of conflict between rival claimants to theChrysanthemum Throne. The contested succession pitted what were known as the Northern and Southern Courts against each other. These years are also known as theNanboku-chō period. WhenEmperor Go-Daigo began hisKenmu Restoration, the still very young prince, along with Kitabatake Akiie, in 1333 went toTagajō in what is nowMiyagi Prefecture, at the timeMutsu Province, to return the easternsamurai to their allegiance and destroy the remnants of theHōjō clan. However, in 1336, becauseAshikaga Takauji had raised a rebellion, the Emperor returned to Sakamoto with a strong force to confront him.[2]
He was accompanied by Kitabatake Akiie, in order to confront Takauji. When Takauji defeated them inKyōto in 1336, they again returned toMutsu Province. In 1337, becauseTagajō was attacked, they returned yet again to the west, returning to Yoshino while constantly fighting battles.[2]: 43, 61
In 1338, he headed to Tagajō, but returned to Yoshino because of a storm. In Oct. 1338, he was namedCrown Prince. On 19 Sept. 1339, he became emperor upon the death ofEmperor Go-Daigo.Kitabatake Chikafusa became his advisor.[2]: 66–67
In 1348,Kō no Moronao attacked Yoshino, and the Emperor left for modern-dayNishiyoshino Village inYoshino District,Nara Prefecture, which was thenYamato Province. In 1352, he entered Otokoyama inYamashiro Province. As a result of the Battle of Shichijō Ōmiya, Kusunoki Masanori recovered Kyōto fromAshikaga Yoshiakira.
At this time, April 1352, the Retired Northern EmperorsKōgon,Kōmyō, andSukō were taken to Anau, the location of the Southern Court. However, within twenty days,Ashikaga Yoshiakira had recaptured Kyōto.[2]: 88
The Emperor and his retinue were confined to Otokoyama, but escaped toKawachi Province during an attack by Yoshiakira, and a few months later returned to Yoshino.
In 1361, Hosokawa Kiyōji and Kusunoki Masanori, who had returned to the Southern Court's allegiance, attacked Kyōto, and temporarily recovered it. But, Yoshiakira quickly responded, and they evacuated Kyōto in less than twenty days.[2]: 107–108
They continued trying to recover Kyōto, but the Southern Court's power was already weakening, and by the Emperor's death in 1368,Ashikaga Yoshimitsu was in power and the throne had been moved to Sumiyoshi.
Go-Murakami's tomb is known asHinoo no misasagi (檜尾陵); it is located in the precincts ofKanshin-ji temple (観心寺) inKawachinagano, Osaka.[3]
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of theEmperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Murakami's reign, this apex of theDaijō-kan included:
The years of Go-Murakami's reign are more specifically identified by more than oneera name ornengō.
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He was the seventh son ofEmperor Go-Daigo
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| Preceded by | Emperor of Japan: Go-Murakami 1339–1368 | Succeeded by |
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Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are inCE / AD *Imperial Consort andRegentEmpress Jingū is not traditionally listed. | ||||||||
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