Rev.Elwood Morris Wherry (1843–1927) was an American Presbyterian missionary toIndia where he spent forty years of his life (between 1868 and 1923). He was keenly interested in "Muslim controversy", orapologetics, making contributions to Christian-Muslim relations as an Islamic scholar and Christianecumenist.
Wherry was born inSouth Bend, Armstrong County,Pennsylvania on 26 March 1843.[1] He graduated fromJefferson College in 1862, followed by two years as Principal ofWaynesburg Academy in Chester County, Pennsylvania. Two years later he became a member of the Waynesburg Presbyterian Church, the same year that he enteredPrinceton Theological Seminary. When he graduated in April 1867, he was ordained by the Old School Presbytery of Donegal.[2] On April 8, 1867, Wherry was appointed to be a missionary by the Board of Foreign Missions of thePresbyterian Church in the United States of America, by whom he would be sent to India. Before his journey began, Wherry married Clara Maria Buchanan on July 17, 1867 with whom he had a total of eight children. His first two children would die during his time in India, as there were epidemics ofcholera anddysentery during the Wherry's stay.[3] He and his new wife set sail fromBoston on October 18, 1867, reachingKolkata on March 10, 1868. He was stationed atRawalpindi in thePunjab for the remainder of that year; the following year would see him transferred toLudhiana.
For 5 years (1883-1888) Wherry taught Old Testament literature and church history as professor at the theological seminary inSaharanpur. His contributions there included translating textbooks into the vernacular, engaging in debates, and giving lectures. In 1888 Wherry resigned from the Mission Press of which he was in charge, and the family returned to the United States for his family's education, as his six children ranged from five to sixteen years of age at this time. He spent from 1889-1896 as the district secretary of theAmerican Tract Society in Chicago. He wouldn't return to India until 1898, where he would remain until 1923, teaching and debating during his village tours. Wherry suffered fromdiabetes andrheumatic gout, and so retired, returning from his active missionary service to spend the last 4 years of his life inCincinnati,Ohio. He died of heart failure on October 5, 1927.
The theology that Wherry developed at Princeton Theological Seminary was one that stressed Biblical authority.[4]
Wherry's textual focus led him to produce a RomanUrdu edition of theQur'an, intended for use by missionaries. In a paper read at the Semi Centennial Celebration of the American Presbyterian Lodiana Mission in India held inLodiana from December 3–7, 1884, J.J. Lucas observed "In 1876 Mr. Wherry issued an edition of the Quran inRoman Urdu, which contains ... a very full and complete index in Urdu by Mr. Wherry. ... To the preacher among Muhammadans, this elaborate index is simply invaluable."[5]
Another major contribution that Wherry offered was his production of a commentary of the Qur'an, a four-volume series completed in 1886. Wherry's leadership at the theological seminary in Saharanpur produced pastoral leadership to north Indian churches, whom he exhorted to take part in evangelistic activities. His affinity for "controversy" with Muslims was evident in his tutelage, as his students would often engage in interreligious dialogue in bazaars and village itinerations.
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