East Tremont | |
|---|---|
 Looking east across East 182nd Street and Prospect Avenue | |
 Location in New York City | |
| Coordinates:40°50′46″N73°53′31″W / 40.846°N 73.892°W /40.846; -73.892 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  New York |
| City |  New York City |
| Borough |  The Bronx |
| Community District | Bronx 6[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 1.13 km2 (0.436 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 43,423 |
| • Density | 38,000/km2 (100,000/sq mi) |
| Economics | |
| • Median income | $24,443 |
| ZIP Codes | 10457, 10460 |
| Area code | 718, 347, 929, and917 |
| Website | www |
East Tremont is a residential neighborhood located in theWest Bronx,New York City. From the north and moving clockwise, it is bounded by East 180th Street,Southern Boulevard, theCross Bronx Expressway andThird Avenue. EastTremont Avenue is the primary thoroughfare through the neighborhood.
East Tremont is part ofBronx Community Board 6, and its ZIP Codes include 10457 and 10460. The area is patrolled by the NYPD's 48th Precinct.[4]New York City Housing Authority property in the area is patrolled by P.S.A. 8 at 2794 Randall Avenue in theThroggs Neck section ofthe Bronx.
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Part of East Tremont is sometimes calledBronx Park South, particularly the section that lies immediately southwest of theBronx Zoo. At one time, the land encompassing the neighborhood was owned by the Lorillard Family, known for theLorillard Tobacco Company.[5]
Starting in the mid 19th Century, East Tremont served as an intermediate step for immigrants from European farms and rural areas, as they climbed the social ladder from poor conditions of theLower East Side slums to more hospitable neighborhoods. In 1848 the neighborhood attracted German farmers fleeing theRevolutions of 1848; during the 1870s it attracted Irish migrating from the Lower East Side or the famine in Ireland. Around the end of the nineteenth century, Italians spilled over from nearbyBelmont, followed by Jews.[6][page needed]
In 1950, East Tremont's population numbered an estimated 60,000, with about 441 persons per residential acre. The area was relatively integrated, with about 44,000 Jews, 5,000 Irish, and about 5,000 Germans and Slavs. There were approximately 11,000 "nonwhites" (mostly Blacks and Puerto Ricans) in the neighborhood, about 18% of the population.[6][page needed]
East Tremont's large population of Jews had mostly migrated fromLower East Side slums, looking for a better neighborhood. The East Tremont neighborhood was modest but considered affordable and safe by its residents. Rents in 1950 were as low as $100 or even $62 per month for four rooms; comparable apartments in Jewish neighborhoods likePelham Parkway closer to $350 per month. EastTremont Avenue was a bustling retail area with bakeries, kosher butcher shops, mom-and-pop candy stores, delicatessens, and clothing stores. While East Tremont contained no playgrounds, residents enjoyed easy access to nearbyCrotona Park. The localYoung Men's Hebrew Association was a center of civic life; it listed over 400 senior citizens and 1,700 families as active members. The schools were old and worn (PS44, the junior high school, had been built in 1901), but academic standards were high.[6][page needed]
In his bookThe Power Broker, authorRobert Caro devotes two chapters to the "One Mile" of the Cross-Bronx Expressway which ran through East Tremont. Caro argues that the expressway caused permanent damage to the neighborhood fabric. During the five years of construction, 5,000 residents were displaced and many stores demolished. The mile was completed in 1960. Quality of life in the neighborhood rapidly declined due to the noise and fumes from the highway, and physical fracturing of the neighborhood. By 1965, apartment buildings in the area around the expressway had become "ravaged hulks" with broken windows, graffiti, and broken plaster. Pipes were vandalized, staircases broke down, elevators stopped working, crime and vandalism had increased, gangs started to move into the area, addiction rates rose, and stores closed. An estimated 10,000 residents fled the neighborhood as it declined.[6][page needed]
Based on data from the2010 United States Census, the population of East Tremont was 43,423, an increase of 4,143 (10.5%) from the 39,280 counted in2000. Covering an area of 445.31 acres (180.21 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 97.5 inhabitants per acre (62,400/sq mi; 24,100/km2).[3]
The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 1.4% (627)White, 29.4% (12,750)African American, 0.3% (110)Native American, 0.5% (229)Asian, 0.0% (4)Pacific Islander, 0.3% (150) fromother races, and 0.8% (333) from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 67.3% (29,220) of the population.[7]
The neighborhood predominately consists ofLatin Americans (East Tremont has one of the highest concentrations ofPuerto Ricans in New York City) andAfrican Americans. There is a small but growingDominican population. Almost half the population lives below the poverty line and receives public assistance (AFDC, Home Relief, Supplemental Security Income, and Medicaid). Most households are renter occupied.[8]The entirety of Community District 6, which comprises East Tremont and Belmont, had 87,476 inhabitants as ofNYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 77.7 years.[9]: 2, 20 This is lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.[10]: 53 (PDF p. 84) [11] Most inhabitants are youth and middle-aged adults: 29% are between the ages of between 0–17, 28% between 25–44, and 20% between 45–64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 14% and 9% respectively.[9]: 2
As of 2017, the medianhousehold income in Community Districts 3 and 6, includingCrotona Park East andMorrisania, was $25,972.[12] In 2018, an estimated 31% of East Tremont and Belmont residents lived in poverty, compared to 25% in all of the Bronx and 20% in all of New York City. One in six residents (16%) were unemployed, compared to 13% in the Bronx and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 60% in East Tremont and Belmont, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 58% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018[update], East Tremont and Belmont aregentrifying.[9]: 7
East Tremont is dominated by five and six story tenement buildings, older multi-unit homes, vacant lots, and newly constructed apartment buildings. Most of the original housing stock was structurally damaged by arson and eventually razed by the city. The land area, somewhat hilly, is less than one square mile.
There are two NYCHA developments located in East Tremont.[13]
East Tremont and Belmont are patrolled by the 48th Precinct of theNYPD, located at 450 Cross Bronx Expressway.[4] The 48th Precinct ranked 56th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010.[14] As of 2018[update], with a non-fatal assault rate of 152 per 100,000 people, East Tremont and Belmont's rate ofviolent crimes per capita is greater than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 1,015 per 100,000 people is higher than that of the city as a whole.[9]: 8
The 48th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 60.9% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported 14 murders, 26 rapes, 447 robberies, 646 felony assaults, 252 burglaries, 467 grand larcenies, and 304 grand larcenies auto in 2022.[15]
East Tremont is served by twoNew York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations:[16] Engine Co. 46/Ladder Co. 27 at 460 Cross Bronx Expressway,[17] and Engine Co. 45/Ladder Co. 58/Battalion 18 at 925 East Tremont Avenue.[18]
As of 2018[update],preterm births and births to teenage mothers are more common in East Tremont and Belmont than in other places citywide. In East Tremont and Belmont, there were 113 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 30.4 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).[9]: 11 East Tremont and Belmont has a relatively average population of residents who areuninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 12%, equal to the citywide rate of 12%.[9]: 14
The concentration offine particulate matter, the deadliest type ofair pollutant, in East Tremont and Belmont is 0.008 milligrams per cubic metre (8.0×10−9 oz/cu ft), more than the city average.[9]: 9 Sixteen percent of East Tremont and Belmont residents aresmokers, which is higher than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.[9]: 13 In East Tremont and Belmont, 36% of residents areobese, 22% arediabetic, and 32% havehigh blood pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively.[9]: 16 In addition, 20% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.[9]: 12
Eighty-one percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is less than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 69% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", lower than the city's average of 78%.[9]: 13 For every supermarket in East Tremont and Belmont, there are 37bodegas.[9]: 10
The nearest hospitals areSt Barnabas Hospital in Belmont andBronx-Lebanon Hospital Center in Claremont.[19]
East Tremont is covered by theZIP Codes 10457 west of Prospect Avenue and 10460 east of Prospect Avenue.[20] TheUnited States Postal Service operates two post offices nearby: the Tremont Station at 757 East Tremont Avenue.[21]
East Tremont and Belmont generally have a lower rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018[update]. While 19% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 36% have less than a high school education and 45% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 26% of Bronx residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher.[9]: 6 The percentage of East Tremont and Belmont students excelling in math rose from 19% in 2000 to 44% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 25% to 30% during the same time period.[22]
East Tremont and Belmont's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is more than the rest of New York City. In East Tremont and Belmont, 35% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days perschool year, higher than the citywide average of 20%.[10]: 24 (PDF p. 55) [9]: 6 Additionally, 61% of high school students in East Tremont and Belmont graduate on time, lower than the citywide average of 75%.[9]: 6
All are public schools.
TheNew York Public Library operates the Tremont branch at 1866 Washington Avenue. The branch, aCarnegie library designed byCarrère and Hastings in theItalian Renaissance style, was opened in 1905.[23]
There are noNew York City Subway stations in East Tremont, though several bus routes connect with subway stations. The followingMTA Regional Bus Operations bus routes serve East Tremont:[24]
TheMetro-North Railroad'sHarlem Line also serves East Tremont at theTremont station.
Media related toEast Tremont, Bronx at Wikimedia Commons
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