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East Bird's Head–Sentani languages

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(Redirected fromEast Bird's Head – Sentani languages)
Proposed family of Papuan languages
East Bird's Head–Sentani
Geographic
distribution
Papua
Linguistic classificationExtended West Papuan ?
  • East Bird's Head–Sentani
Subdivisions
  • East Bird's Head
  • Burmeso
  • Sentani
Language codes
GlottologNone

TheEast Bird's Head–Sentani languages form afamily ofPapuan languages proposed byMalcolm Ross which combines theEast Bird's Head andSentani families along with theBurmesolanguage isolate. Sentani had been a branch ofStephen Wurm's proposal forTrans–New Guinea. It has lexical similarities with theAsmat–Kamoro languages, but Ross does not believe these demonstrate a genealogical relationship.

Ross also included the unclassified languageTause, but as a stimulus for investigation rather than as a serious proposal.

The East Bird's Head–Sentani languages, together with theWest Papuan languages and theYawa isolate, form part of a tentative proposal for anExtended West Papuan family. They are distinguished from the West Papuan family in having forms likeba orwa for the second-person singular ("thou")pronoun.

Classification

[edit]

East Bird's Head–Sentani unifies two groups that Wurm placed at the family level, and one or two isolates.

Burmeso (Taurap)

?Tause (perhaps two languages, Tause and Weirate)

Sentani

Demta

Sentani proper:Sentani,Nafri,Tabla (Tanah Merah)

Tause is best considered unclassified. Clouse (1997) classified it as aLakes Plain language, but its pronouns are not a good match. Ross included it here partially to spark further investigation.Saponi shares half of its basic lexical vocabulary withRasawa, but its pronouns instead resemble those of East Bird's Head.

Pronouns

[edit]

These families share no common vocabulary, and are linked only by their pronouns. The pronouns Ross reconstructs for proto-families are:

Sentani
Number
PersonSingularPlural
exclusiveinclusive
1st*də*me*e
2nd*wa?
3rd*nə?
East Bird's Head
Number
PersonSingularPlural
exclusiveinclusive
1st*da, *di-*meme, *me-*mimi, *mi-
2nd*ba, *bi-*ia, *i-
3rd*e, *-*rua, *ri-

Burmeso and Tause correspond in their first and second singular pronouns:

  • Burmesoda (de-), ba (be-)
  • Tausedi, ba

Saponi corresponds in first person and second singular:

  • Saponimamire "I, we",ba "thou".

References

[edit]

Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". InAndrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.).Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66.doi:10.15144/PL-572.ISBN 0858835622.OCLC 67292782.

West Papuan
West Bird's Head
Central Bird's Head
North Halmahera
Sahu
Galela–Tobelo
Ternate-Tidore
Others
Others
Extended
West Papuan
East Bird's Head
–Sentani
East Bird's Head
Demta–Sentani
Others
Yawa
Based onPalmer 2018 classification
Trans–New Guinea
subgroups
CentralPapua, Indonesia
SoutheastPapua, Indonesia
SouthwestPapua New Guinea
CentralPapua New Guinea
Papuan Peninsula
EasternNusantara
families and isolates
Bird's Head Peninsula
families and isolates
NorthernWestern New Guinea
families and isolates
CentralWestern New Guinea
families and isolates
SepikRamu basin
families and isolates
Torricelli subgroups
Sepik subgroups
Ramu subgroups
Gulf of Papua and southernNew Guinea
families and isolates
Bismarck Archipelago andSolomon Islands
families and isolates
Rossel Island
isolate
Proposed groupings
Proto-language
Africa
Isolates
Eurasia
(Europe
andAsia)
Isolates
New Guinea
andthe Pacific
Isolates
Australia
Isolates
North
America
Isolates
Mesoamerica
Isolates
South
America
Isolates
Sign
languages
Isolates
See also
  • Families with question marks (?) are disputed or controversial.
  • Families initalics have no living members.
  • Families with more than 30 languages are inbold.
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