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Earl Poulett

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Arms of the Earls Poulett with motto beneath: Gardez la foi (meaning: keep the faith)

Earl Poulett(pronounced "Paulett") was a title in thePeerage of England. It was created in 1706 forJohn Poulett, 4th Baron Poulett. The Poulett family descended fromSir Anthony Paulet, son ofSir Amias Paulet, who served asGovernor of Jersey and as Captain of the Guard toQueen Elizabeth I. The ancestral family seat wasHinton House in the village ofHinton St George, Somerset.

His eldest sonSir John Poulett representedSomerset andLyme Regis in theHouse of Commons. In 1627 he was raised to thePeerage of England asBaron Poulett, ofHinton St George in the County ofSomerset. Lord Poulett later supported the Royalist cause in theCivil War.

The first Baron's son,John Poulett (1615–1665) was aMember of Parliament forStamford and fought as a Royalist Officer in the Civil War. On his father's death in 1649 he succeeded as second baron.

His son, the third Baron, represented Somerset in Parliament and also served asLord-Lieutenant of Dorset.He was succeeded by his son, the fourth Baron, a commissioner for theTreaty of Union with theKingdom of Scotland. In 1706 he was createdViscount Hinton St George andEarl Poulett in thePeerage of England.[1] Lord Poulett later served asFirst Lord of the Treasury and asLord Steward of the Household.

When he died, the titles passed to his eldest son, the second Earl. He had already been summoned to theHouse of Lords as Lord Poulett in his father's lifetime and also served as Lord-Lieutenant of Somerset. He died unmarried and was succeeded by his younger brother, the third Earl, who had previously sat as a Member of Parliament forBridgwater and served asLord-Lieutenant of Devon.

The third Earl's son, the fourth Earl, wasLord-Lieutenant of Somerset. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the fifth Earl.

On the death of the 5th Earl, whose sons had all pre-deceased him, the titles passed to his nephew, thesixth Earl. He was the third son ofVice-Admiral the Hon. George Poulett, second son of the fourth Earl. The sixth earl was heavily involved in steeplechasing as a racehorse owner whose cerise and blue colours were most famed for being carried to victory twice in theGrand National, in 1868 and 1871, by a horse calledThe Lamb.[2]

On the death of the 6th Earl, a dispute arose (see below), and the outcome was that the earldom and other titles were awarded to the 6th Earl's son by his third wife, who became the seventh Earl Poulett. He fought in theFirst World War as a captain in theRoyal Horse Artillery and died of influenza in 1918. He was succeeded by his only son, theeighth Earl, who was brought up by his mother, a former actress, and after Eton trained as a railway engineer. Although three times married, he was childless, and on his death in 1973 all his titles became extinct. Since both the 8th Earl and his sister Lady Bridget Poulett were childless, in 1968 the 8th and last Earl Poulett sold theHinton estate, after which he and his wife settled in Jersey, Channel Islands. Perhaps he recalled that three of his Poulett ancestors had been Governor of Jersey in the 16th century.

Lady Bridget Poulett (1912–1978), the only sibling of the 8th and last Earl, was a 'Society Beauty' of the 1930s.[3][4]

Disputed descent of earldom

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On the sixth Earl's death in 1899, a dispute arose over the succession to his titles.

A son, William Turnour Thomas Poulett, had been born to the 6th Earl's first wife, Elizabeth Lavinia, in 1849, while they were married, but although his wife insisted he was the child's father, Captain Poulett (as he then was) had reason to believe the child had been fathered by another man, Captain William Turnour Granville, after whom his mother named him. Until a son was born in 1883, he had no son he believed to be his own, yet treated W. T. T. Poulett as his son. Thus in 1875, W. T. T. Poulett was living at the family's secondary estate, Grenville Hall, Droxford, under thecourtesy title ofViscount Hinton.[5] However, after the birth of William John Lydston Poulett he was disowned.

Following the 6th Earl's death, the Poulett earldom and its entailed estates were claimed by W. T. T. Poulett, but this was challenged on the grounds of paternity, and on 27 July 1903, on a report from its Committee of Privileges steered by theJudicial Committee of the House of Lords, the House determined the dispute in favour of the 6th Earl's fifteen-year-old son, William John Lydston Poulett.[6] The House of Lords rejected the doctrine ofpater est quem nuptiae demonstrant – a child born within wedlock is lawfully fathered by its mother's husband.

The facts and outcome heavily contrast with the allegedly summons-entitledEarls of Banbury (before theHouse of Lords Act 1999) where the paternity evidence was no mention of the title-inheriting sons in a will, so that family no longer received any summons to the House.

In 1869, while he was known as Viscount Hinton, W. T. T. Poulett married Lydia Ann Shippy (aka Anne Sheppey)[7] and had had one son, William Henry George Poulett (born 1 April 1870). In a fortunate turn of events, in 1901Wilhelmina Powlett, Duchess of Cleveland, the widow of a distant kinsman of the 6th Earl's, left W. H. G. Poulett a bequest of £5,000 in her Will, and he became a tea-planter in Ceylon.[8]

Barons Poulett (1627)

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Earls Poulett (1706)

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Arms

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Arms of Poulett

The arms of the head of the Poulett family are blazonedSable, three swords pilewise points in base proper pomels and hilts or.[citation needed]

Notes

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  1. ^"No. 4292".The London Gazette. 30 December 1706. p. 1.
  2. ^"Earl Pouletts The Lamb Winner of the Grand National with Mr George Ede".WikiGallery.org. Retrieved23 April 2014.
  3. ^"Lady Bridget Poulett – Person – National Portrait Gallery". Retrieved29 February 2016.
  4. ^"NPG x21799; Lady Bridgett Elizabeth Felicia Henrietta Augusta Poulett". Archived fromthe original on 19 October 2008. Retrieved4 February 2008. Lady Bridgett Poulett (1912–1975)]
  5. ^Thom Adam Bisset,The Upper Ten Thousand, for 1876: A Biographical Handbook (1876), p. 227: "Hinton, visc. (eld. s. of earl Poulett). William Turnour Thomas Poulett, 4.11.49 : address — Grenville Hall, Droxford."
  6. ^Poulett Peerage, outcome of House of Lords Debate on 27 July 1903 (vol 126, cc298-9)
  7. ^"Items of Interest".The Albany Mail and King George's Sound Advertiser. Vol. 6, no. 80. Western Australia. 6 October 1888. p. 3. Retrieved29 June 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
  8. ^G. E. Cokayne,& al.,The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, volume X, p. 624

References

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