| Dumbo | |
|---|---|
.png) Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Tim Burton |
| Screenplay by | Ehren Kruger |
| Based on |
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| Produced by |
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| Starring | |
| Cinematography | Ben Davis |
| Edited by | Chris Lebenzon |
| Music by | Danny Elfman |
Production companies |
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| Distributed by | Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures |
Release dates |
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Running time | 112 minutes[2] |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $170 million[3][4][5] |
| Box office | $353.3 million[6] |
Dumbo is a 2019 Americanfantasyperiodadventure film directed byTim Burton from a screenplay byEhren Kruger. It is an adaptation ofWalt Disney's 1941 animated filmDumbo, which is based on the novel by Helen Aberson and Harold Pearl. StarringColin Farrell,Michael Keaton,Danny DeVito,Eva Green, andAlan Arkin.
Plans for a live-action film adaptation ofDumbo were announced in 2014, and Burton was confirmed as director in March 2015. Most of the cast signed on for the feature in March 2017 andprincipal photography lasted from July to November 2017 in England. It was the first of five live-action adaptations of prior animated Disney films released in 2019, along withAladdin,The Lion King,Maleficent: Mistress of Evil, andLady and the Tramp.
Dumbo premiered inLos Angeles on March 11, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United States on March 29, 2019. The film grossed $353 million worldwide against a $170 million budget and received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the performances of DeVito and Keaton but criticized the script. Burton later confirmed that he would no longer work with Disney, referring to the studio as a "horrible big circus".[7]
In 1919Sarasota, Florida, equestrian performer Holt Farrier returns afterWorld War I to his previous employer, the Medici Brothers'Circus. The circus has run into financial troubles;Ringmaster Medici reveals he was forced to sell his horses after Holt's wife, Annie, died from theSpanish flu outbreak. After Holt reveals that he lost his arm in theBattle of the Argonne, Medici instead hires him as the caretaker for Mother Ella Jumbo, the circus' pregnantIndian elephant. She gives birth to a calf with unusually large ears, and Medici orders Holt to hide them, fearing how the public might react to such a deformity.
However, the calf accidentally reveals his ears in his debut performance inJoplin, Missouri, and the crowd laughs and mockingly calls the calf "Dumbo" while pelting him with objects. Mrs. Jumbo, angered by her son's abuse, rampages into the ring, causing extensive damage, collapsing thebig top, and accidentally killing Rufus, a sadistic handler. Anticipating public outrage over the incident, Medici sells Mrs. Jumbo. Holt's son and daughter, Joe and Milly Farrier, comfort Dumbo and discover that he can fly by flapping his ears and that feathers benefit his willingness to fly.
Dumbo is then forced to play the role of afirefighterclown tasked to put out a fire with water sprayed from his trunk, but the performance goes awry, and Dumbo is trapped on a high platform surrounded by flames. Milly delivers a feather to Dumbo, giving him the confidence to fly to safety. The audience is astounded, and word of his talent begins to spread. V. A. Vandevere, the wealthy owner of theBohemian amusement parkDreamland, approaches Medici and proposes a collaboration: If Medici becomes Vandevere's business partner, the Medici Brothers' Circus' troupe will permanently be employed to perform at Dreamland.
Dumbo's debut performance at Dreamland with Vandevere's star performer, Frenchtrapeze artist Colette Marchant, quickly goes wrong when he nearly falls off a high platform and starts trumpeting in panic after realizing that there is no safety net available to prevent possible injuries and fatalities. Hearing his mother's response to his call and realizing that she was placed in an exhibit at Dreamland called Nightmare Island after being sold, he flies out of the circus ring and reunites with her, greatly disappointing the audience. Annoyed by Dumbo's disobedience and fearing the possibility of his mother becoming a distraction to him, Vandevere fires the Medici troupe and orders Mrs. Jumbo's exhibit to be shuttered to secure his sterling reputation.
When Holt and the Medici troupe learn that Vandevere intends to have Dumbo's mother killed and that it is no longer safe for the two elephants to live with them, they make plans to free both of them. The circus performers utilize their various talents to break Mrs. Jumbo out of her enclosure, while Holt and Colette guide Dumbo to fly out of the circus. Vandevere attempts to stop them but starts a fire by mishandling Dreamland's electrical system, which spreads and destroys the park. After Dumbo saves Holt and his family from the fire, they are joined by Colette and the rest of the troupe to bring Dumbo and his mother to the harbor, where they board a ship back to their native home inIndia.
Sometime later, the renamed Medici Family Circus is reestablished and flourishes with Colette as the newest troupe member, Milly as host of a science lecture exhibition, and performers dressed as animals, in line with the circus's new policy of not using wild animals in captivity for entertainment. It is implied that Vandevere was convicted ofburning down his own park for the insurance money. Meanwhile, Dumbo and his mother reunite with a herd of wild elephants, who applaud Dumbo as he flies with joy.
Early development for alive-action adaptation ofDumbo began in 2014, whenEhren Kruger gave producerDerek Frey a script for the film, which Frey gave the green light to.[1] On July 8, 2014, it was announced that the film was in development forWalt Disney Pictures. Kruger was confirmed as the screenwriter, and Justin Springer as a producer along with Kruger.[23] On March 10, 2015,Tim Burton was announced as the director.[24] On July 15, 2017, Disney announcedDumbo would be released on March 29, 2019.[25] The film features a different storyline from the original film's, though as star Colin Farrell described, "[t]he one central thing that holds true in both the original animation, the original cartoon" and the 2019 film, is the message of "believing in yourself and finding something inside you that allows you to become the best version of what you thought you could even be, and that we're all, regardless of the things that sometimes society says, should arrive us at being outcasts; they're the things that make us all individual, special, and beautiful regardless of how crippling a certain thing may be or how polarizing a certain physical attribute even may be."[26]
The film does not feature talking animals, focusing instead on the human characters.[27] Kruger wrote the script so that it "offered a way to tell that story in a framework that expanded it, but without redoing the original [film]", and a story that "was simple, with an emotional simplicity, and didn't interfere with what the basic through line of the original is about."[1] As in the original film,Dumbo depicts the protagonist as a symbolic figure who does not fit in and uses their disabilities as an advantage.[28] Kruger wrote the script in order to "explore how the people of the circus world would relate to Dumbo's journey",[1] while Springer said that "[the production team] really wanted to explore the human side of [Dumbo's] story and give it historical context. In the animated feature, Dumbo flies for the world at the end of the film. [They] wanted to find out how the world reacts when people learn that this elephant can fly".[1] The group of crows from the 1941 film that had been criticized as being racist were excluded from the film, and their dialogue was instead said by a ringleader character.[29]
In January 2017, it was announced thatWill Smith was in talks to play the father of the children who develop a friendship with the elephant after seeing him at the circus.[30] However, Smith later passed on the role due to scheduling conflicts withBad Boys for Life, among other reasons.[31] He went on to be cast as theGenie in Disney's 2019live-action film adaptation ofAladdin.[32]Bill Hader,Chris Pine andCasey Affleck were also offered the role, but passed on it beforeColin Farrell was cast.[8] Farrell, a fan of Burton, chose to work on the film because "[t]he idea of [acting in] something as sweet and fantastical and otherworldly, while being grounded in some recognizable world that we can relate to, under the direction of [Burton], was a dream ... I've always been looking for something of that ilk."[33]Jenna Ortega auditioned for one of the film's roles when she was just fourteen years old, feeling extremely "gutted" at not securing the part due to her doubts on if she would ever have the chance to work with Burton again; Ortega ultimately went on to collaborate with Burton in theNetflix seriesWednesday and the 2024 filmBeetlejuice Beetlejuice.[34]
In March 2017, Burton's frequent collaborators,Eva Green[35] andDanny DeVito,[11] joined the cast as Colette, a trapeze artist, and Max Medici, the circus' ringmaster, respectively.[13] Due to herfear of heights, Green trained withaerialist Katherine Arnold and choreographer Fran Jaynes in order to prepare for the role.[1] In April 2017, another veteran of Burton's films,Michael Keaton, joinedDumbo, to complete the casting of prominent "adult" roles.[10]Tom Hanks was reportedly in discussions for the role before Keaton's casting.[30] Hanks would instead sign on for the role ofGeppetto in Disney's 2022live-action film adaptation ofPinocchio.[36] In the summer of 2017,DeObia Oparei,Joseph Gatt, andAlan Arkin joined the cast.[16][18][37] DeVito said that "[he loves] Tim and [he] would do anything to be in a movie with him."[33] He also said that Burton is "[a]lways spirited, always an artist, always thinking about the craft, always painting with his mind," and that he felt like "part of some kind of palette, a color scheme" while filming the movie.[33]
Principal photography had begun by July 2017 in England, with most of the filming taking place atPinewood Studios andCardington Airfield.[1][38] Two elephant props were used during filming "to give [the production team] an idea of his size and his shape in the scene; an idea of the lighting, and that kind of thing; where he's going to be for camera."[39] Creature performer Edd Osmond used a green suit to represent the character while filming certain scenes, as well as an "interactive reference" for scenes that required the actors to be in contact with the character, and as a guide for Burton to use; with Burton later providing information of his performance to the animation team.[1] Unlike most remakes of Disney animations,Dumbo mostly used practical sets during filming.[40]
Production designerRick Heinrichs designed the film's scenes in a way that represents both the film's story and the period setting. He stated that the film's story "provided a very specific period, but at the same time, having worked with Tim many times in the past, [he knows] that [Burton is] a little less interested in giving a history lesson as he is in the emotional story being told."[1] The "Dreamland" and circus scenes were designed differently in order to contrast them.[1] The production design crew were heavily influenced by the works ofEdward Hopper, with Heinrichs stating that the team tried to create something similar to "[Hopper]'s reductive process of looking at environments and reducing it to its essence."[1]
Heinrichs also said that the production design team had "to push the reality—the live action—a bit into the storybook world. [They] certainly make the baby elephant look believable, but [they] also stylized our world, pushing it into an expressive direction with all of the lighting, costumes, props and environments."[1] Burton filmed the remake insound stages, stating that "[f]or this kind of movie, shooting all indoors obviously helps with weather concerns and all those things. It's one movie where [they are] not sitting around, talking about the weather all day long."[1] The production team also created a full-scale version of the train "Casey Jr." from the original film, though it was visually redesigned in order to reflect the circus' state.[41] According to visual effects supervisorRichard Stammers, a motion base, which he described as "essentially a hydraulic round gimbal rig," was used for scenes in which Green's character flies with Dumbo, with hydraulic pistons used to simulate Dumbo's flying.[1]
The visual effects were provided byMoving Picture Company,Framestore andRise FX, with the help ofRising Sun Pictures andRodeo FX. At Rodeo, to achieve the effects for the opening sequence of the train travelling through the country, augmented aerial footage was merged withmatte paintings andcomputer-generated imagery. They would also do the effects of Holt's amputated arm by digitally recreating the character's costumes and the backgrounds obstructed by the sleeve.[42]The Third Floor, Inc., tasked primarily with creating the animals of the film, achieved the effects of humans flying on Dumbo using a 3D mold of the character and ananimatronic mounted on a 6-axisgimbal.[43]
On October 4, 2017,Danny Elfman was announced as the composer for the film's score.[44] He said that "[he and the production team] knew [they] would have to find a musical identity for Dumbo that was purely Dumbo."[1] Elfman developed "a very simple [main] theme" as Burton "feels it's a simple story."[1] Elfman also wrote background music for the film's scenes in the circus, and themes based on the characters' experiences.[1] He also wrote a theme for Medici and Vandevere which he described as "a bit of a wicked thing."[1] The score pays homage toFrank Churchill andOliver Wallace's score from the original film.[1]
Arcade Fire's version of "Baby Mine" was released as a single on March 11, 2019.[45] The soundtrack was digitally released on March 29, 2019 and physically released on April 26, 2019.[46]
Dumbo was released in the United States byWalt Disney Studios Motion Pictures on March 29, 2019.[47][48] It held its world premiere at the Ray Dolby Ballroom inLos Angeles on March 11, 2019. The European premiere was held at theCurzon Mayfair Cinema inLondon on March 21, 2019.[49] In a collaboration withAccenture Interactive, Disney set up aphoto booth, using photographyfacial recognition, would give attendees at the 2019South by Southwest festival an experience that would be based on the emotion expressed by the attendee. Disney spent around $120–140 million to market the film worldwide.[citation needed] A tie-in novelization of the film written by Kari Sutherland was published byDisney Publishing Worldwide on February 12, 2019.[50]
Dumbo was released onDVD,Blu-ray, andUltra HD Blu-ray on June 25, 2019.[51] The film was amongst several of Disney's then recent releases available to watch exclusively on their streaming service,Disney+, which was launched in November 2019.[52]
Dumbo was the No. 1 film on theOfficial Film Chart following its disc release in the United Kingdom.[53] In June 2019, it debuted at No. 1 on both the combined DVD and Blu-ray Disc sales charts, as well as the dedicated Blu-ray Disc sales chart. Blu-ray formats accounted for 75% of its total unit sales, with 9% of sales coming from the 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray edition.[54] In the week ending July 6, 2019, the film held onto the No. 1 spot on both the combined DVD and Blu-ray Disc sales charts, as well as the dedicated Blu-ray Disc sales chart.[55]
Dumbo grossed $114.8 million in the United States and Canada, and $238.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide $353.3 million.[6] It was estimated the film would have had to gross more than $500 million worldwide in order to break even, and with a combined production and advertisement budget of $300 million,Deadline Hollywood reported it ultimately lost money.[56][57]
In the United States and Canada, the film was released alongsideThe Beach Bum andUnplanned, and was projected to gross $50–65 million from 4,259 theaters in its opening weekend.[3][58] The film made $15.3 million on its first day, including $2.6 million from Thursday night previews. It went on to debut to $46 million, topping the box office.[59][60] The start was considered disappointing, given the $170 million budget and the Disney brand, with the blame put on the original film being 78 years old and the middling critical response versus poor marketing.[61] In its second weekend, the film dropped 60%, to $18.2 million, finishing third, behind newcomersShazam! andPet Sematary, and then made $9.2 million in its third weekend, finishing fifth.[62][63]
In other territories,Dumbo was projected to earn $80–90 million from 53 countries in its opening weekend, for a global debut of $137–155 million.[58] Similarly to its domestic market, the film underperformed, grossing $73.5 million for a worldwide $119.5 million.[64] Its largest markets were China ($10.7 million), Mexico ($7.2 million) and Japan ($2.4 million).[65] It earned $39.6 million in its second weekend overseas, for a running total of $137.5 million.[66] As of June 2019, its largest markets are the United Kingdom ($32.5 million), China ($21.9 million), Mexico ($21.6 million), France ($16.9 million), and Italy ($12.5 million).[67]
Onreview aggregator websiteRotten Tomatoes, the film received an approval rating of 46% based on 375 reviews and an average rating of 5.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Dumbo is held partly aloft by Tim Burton's visual flair, but a crowded canvas and overstretched story leave this live-action remake more workmanlike than wondrous."[68] OnMetacritic, the film has an average score of 51 out of 100, based on 55 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews.[69] Audiences polled byCinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale, and those atPostTrak gave it 3.5 out of 5 stars.[61]
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Writing forThe A.V. Club, Katie Rife gave the film a "B−" and wrote "characters are just there to keep the story moving, to provide awestruck reaction shots as we move from oddly muted spectacle to agreeable callback to the heartwarming happy ending. And yes, these are all symptoms of the same relentless conformist drumbeat the film is critiquing in its script. But what's more Disney than Disney controlling the ways in which a filmmaker can critique Disney?"[70] David Rooney ofThe Hollywood Reporter wrote: "The hopes of diehard Burton fans might have been stoked by the recruitment of Michael Keaton and Danny DeVito, totems of the director's more consistent days. But this is another frustratingly uneven picture, with thin characters—human and animal—that fail to exert much of a hold, reclaiming the story only toward the end. Up to then, the filmmaker's overstuffed visual imagination and appetite for sinister gloom all but trample the enchantment of a tale that, at heart, is simple and whimsical. The central failure to recognize those virtues lies also in Ehren Kruger's cluttered screenplay."[71]James Berardinelli from Reelviews calledDumbo "a perfectly adequate family film", rating it 3 out of 4 stars.[72]
Conversely,Owen Gleiberman ofVariety lamented disappointment in the film, stating that the film "transforms a gentle and miraculous tale into a routine story by weighing it down with a lot of nuts and bolts it didn’t need".[73] ForIndieWire, David Ehrlich gave split opinions on the acting, praising DeVito and Keaton's performances but criticizing Arkin's as "hilariously lazy" and stated it would invite the audience to "stop caring about the plot".[74]The Guardian'sPeter Bradshaw gave the film one star out of five, lamenting that "Tim Burton's newDumbo lands in the multiplex big top with a dull thud. It is a flightless pachyderm of a film that saddles itself with 21st-century shame at the idea of circus animals, overcomplicating the first movie, losing the directness, abandoning the lethal pathos, mislaying the songs and finally getting marooned in some sort ofsteampunkJurassic Park, jam-packed withretro-futurist boredom."[75]
In 2022, Burton reflected negatively on the experience making the film stating: "The thing aboutDumbo is that’s why I think my days with Disney are done, I realized that I was Dumbo, that I was working in this horrible big circus and I needed to escape. That movie is quite autobiographical at a certain level."[7] In 2024, Keaton said: "I was clueless onDumbo. I sucked inDumbo."[76]
| Ceremony | Category | Recipient(s) | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AACTA Awards | Best Visual Effects or Animation | Richard Stammers, Hal Couzens, Hayley Williams, Dennis Jones, Corinne Teng | Nominated | [77] |
| Alliance of Women Film Journalists Awards | Time Waster Remake or Sequel Award | Dumbo | Nominated | [78][79] |
| Art Directors Guild Awards | Excellence in Production Design for a Fantasy Film | Rick Heinrichs | Nominated | [80] |
| Golden Trailer Awards | Best Animation/Family | Walt Disney Pictures, Wild Card | Nominated | [81] |
| Best Animation/Family TV Spot | Nominated | |||
| Best Animation/Family Poster | Dumbo | Nominated | ||
| Best Motion Poster | Nominated | |||
| Saturn Awards | Best Fantasy Film | Nominated | [82] | |
| Best Production Design | Rick Heinrichs | Nominated | ||
| Best Music | Danny Elfman | Nominated | ||
| Visual Effects Society Awards | Outstanding Effects Simulations in a Photoreal Feature | Sam Hancock, Victor Glushchenko, Andrew Savchenko, Arthur Moody(for "Bubble Elephants") | Nominated | [83] |
But soon, real trouble arrives: the female Indian elephant Jumbo, who has just given birth to a calf with comically oversize ears, accidentally kills — yes, kills — a sadistic animal trainer (Phil Zimmerman), and Mom is sold off as a'mad' animal, leaving Dumbo, as her son has been nicknamed, disconsolate.
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| National | |
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