| Dukedom of York | |
|---|---|
| Creation date | 23 June 1986; 39 years ago (23 June 1986) |
| Creation | Eighth |
| Created by | Elizabeth II |
| Peerage | Peerage of the United Kingdom |
| First holder | Edmund of Langley |
| Present holder | Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor (not using title) |
| Remainder to | the 1st Duke'sheirs maleof the body lawfully begotten |
| Subsidiary titles | |
| Status | Extant, not in use[1] |
Duke of York is a title ofnobility in thePeerage of the United Kingdom. Since the 15thcentury, it has, when granted, usually been given to the second son ofEnglish (laterBritish) monarchs. The analogous title in the Scottish peerage wasDuke of Albany.
Initially granted in the 14th century in thePeerage of England, the titleDuke of York has been created eight times. The titleDuke of York and Albany has been created three times. These occurred during the 18th century, following the1707 unification of theKingdom of England andKingdom of Scotland into a single, united realm. The double naming was done so that aterritorial designation from each of the previously separaterealms could be included.
The title was most recently awarded byQueen Elizabeth II to her second son, the then-Prince Andrew, at the time ofhis wedding in 1986. In October 2025, amid controversy surrounding Andrew's ties to child sex offenderJeffrey Epstein, Buckingham Palace announced thatCharles III had started a "formal process" to remove his brother's style, titles, and honours.[2] Andrew's name was removed from theRoll of the Peerage the same day.[3][4] This did not revoke his peerages,[5] but means he is no longer entitled to any place in theorders of precedence derived from them and that will cease to be addressed or referred to by any title derived from his peerages in official documents.[6]
In theMiddle Ages,York was a main city ofNorthern England and remains the seat of thearchbishop of York since AD 735.Yorkshire is England's largestshire in area.
York under its Viking name "Jorvik" was apetty kingdom in theEarly Middle Ages. In the interval between the fall of independent Jorvik underEric Bloodaxe, lastking of Jorvik (d. 954), and the first creation of the Dukedom of York, there were a fewearls of York.
The title Duke of York was first created in thePeerage of England in 1385 forEdmund of Langley. His sonEdward, who inherited the title, was killed at theBattle of Agincourt in 1415. The title passed to Edward's nephewRichard, the son ofRichard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge (who had been executed for plotting againstKing Henry V). The younger Richard managed to obtain a restoration of the title, but when his eldest son, who inherited the title, became king in 1461 asEdward IV, the titlemerged into the Crown.
The title was next created forRichard of Shrewsbury, second son of King Edward IV. Richard was one of thePrinces in the Tower, and, as he disappeared and was presumed dead without heirs, the title was considered extinct.
The third creation was for Henry Tudor, second son ofKing Henry VII. When his elder brotherArthur, Prince of Wales, died in 1502, Henry became heir-apparent to the throne. When Henry ultimately becameKing Henry VIII in 1509, his titles merged into the crown.
The title was created for the fourth time for Charles Stuart, second son ofJames I. When his elder brother,Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, died in 1612, Charles became heir-apparent. He was createdPrince of Wales in 1616 and eventually becameCharles I in 1625 when the title again merged into the Crown.
The fifth creation was in favour ofJames Stuart, the second son of Charles I.New York, its capitalAlbany, andNew York City, were named for this particular Duke of Albany and York. In 1664,Charles II of England granted American territory between theDelaware andConnecticut rivers to his younger brother James. Following its capture by the English the former Dutch territory ofNew Netherland and its principal port,New Amsterdam, were named theProvince andCity of New York in James's honour. After the founding, the Duke gave part of the colony to proprietorsGeorge Carteret andJohn Berkeley.Fort Orange, 150 miles (240 km) north on theHudson River, was renamedAlbany after James's Scottish title.[7][8][9] When his elder brother,King Charles II, died without heirs, James succeeded to the throne asKing James II of England and King James VII of Scotland, and the title once again merged into the Crown.
During the 18th century thedouble dukedom of York and Albany was created a number of times in thePeerage of Great Britain. The title was first held byDuke Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Bishop of Osnabrück, the youngest brother ofKing George I. He died without heirs, and the title reverted to the Crown. The second creation of the double dukedom was forPrince Edward, younger brother ofKing George III, who also died without heirs, having never married. Again, the title reverted to the Crown. The third and last creation of the double dukedom was forPrince Frederick Augustus, the second son of King George III. He served as Commander-in-Chief of theBritish Army for many years, and was the original "Grand old Duke of York" in the popular rhyme. He too died without legitimate heirs, leaving the title, once again, to revert to the Crown.
The sixth creation of the Dukedom of York (without being combined with Albany) was for Prince George, second son of the, then current, Prince of Wales, the futureKing Edward VII. He was created Duke of York following the death of his elder brother,Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale. The title merged with the Crown when George succeeded his father asKing George V.
The seventh creation was for Prince Albert, second son of King George V, and younger brother of the futureKing Edward VIII. Albert came unexpectedly to the throne when his brother abdicated, and took the nameGeorge VI, the Dukedom then merging into the Crown.
The title was created for the eighth time forPrince Andrew, second son ofQueen Elizabeth II. As a result of his marriage toSarah, Duchess of York, his only legitimate issue are two daughters:Princess Beatrice andPrincess Eugenie. As he had no legitimate sons during his tenure, the title would have again become extinct and reverted to the Crown upon his death.
Andrew stepped back from royal duties in 2019 following anepisode of the BBC's news and current affairs programmeNewsnight, in which he was interviewed about his relationship withJeffrey Epstein, the American financier and convictedsex offender.[10][11] On 17 October 2025, following discussions with the King, Andrew agreed to cease using his titles of Duke of York,Earl of Inverness andBaron Killyleagh,[12][13] although legally he still held them.[14] On 30 October 2025Buckingham Palace issued a statement announcing thatKing Charles III had begun a "formal process" to remove Andrew's style, titles, and honours.[15] His name was subsequently removed from theRoll of the Peerage[16] which means the title cannot be used on official documents, though he legally remains Duke of York, Earl of Inverness, and Baron Killyleagh, because depriving a person of the peerage requires parliamentary action,[17][18] and removal of a peer's name from the Roll of the Peerage does not extinguish the peerage. The dukedom has not been returned to the Crown and if Andrew were to have a son, that son would inherit the dukedom.
Aside from the first creation, every time the Dukedom of York has been created it has had only one occupant, that person either inheriting the throne or dying without male heirs.
In the late 15th century,Perkin Warbeck unsuccessfully claimed the Crown by claiming the identity of Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York.
In the early 18th century, the eldest son of the overthrown King James II & VII and thusJacobite claimant to the throne,James Francis Edward Stuart, known to his opponents as the Old Pretender, granted the title "Duke of York" (in theJacobite Peerage) to his own second son,Henry, using his purported authority as King James III & VIII. Henry later became a cardinal in the Catholic church and is thus known as the Cardinal Duke of York. Since James was not recognised as king by English law, the grant is also not recognised as a legitimate creation.
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edmund of Langley 1385–1402[19] also:Earl of Cambridge (1362) |  | 5 June 1341 Kings Langley 4th surviving son of KingEdward III andPhilippa of Hainault | Isabella of Castile 11 July 1372 - 23 December 1392 3 children Joan Holland c. 4 November 1393 no children | 1 August 1402 |
| Edward of Norwich 1402–1415[20] also:Duke of Aumale (1397–1399),Earl of Cambridge (1362–1414),Earl of Rutland (1390–1402),Earl of Cork (c. 1396) |  | 1373 Norwich son of 1st Duke by his first wifeIsabella of Castile | Philippa de Mohun no children | 25 October 1415 Battle of Agincourt aged 42 |
| Richard of York 1415–1460 also:Lord Protector of England (1460, seeAct of Accord);Earl of Ulster (1264),Earl of March (1328),Earl of Cambridge (1414, restored 1426), feudal Lord of Clare (bt. 1066–1075),Baron Mortimer of Wigmore (1331) |  | 21 September 1411 Nephew of 2nd Duke and son ofRichard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge (attainted and executed for treason in August 1415) andAnne de Mortimer; restored in blood | Cecily Neville 1437 13 children | 30 December 1460 Wakefield aged 49 |
| Edward Plantagenet 1460–1461[21] also:Earl of Ulster (1264),Earl of March (1328),Earl of Cambridge (1414), feudal Lord of Clare (bt. 1066–1075),Baron Mortimer of Wigmore (1331) |  | 28 April 1442 Rouen son of 3rd Duke by his wifeCecily Neville | Elizabeth Woodville 1 May 1464 10 children | 9 April 1483 Westminster aged 40 |
| Edward Plantagenet seized the throne in 1461 asEdward IV and the title of duke merged in the crown. | ||||
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard of Shrewsbury 1474–1483 also:Duke of Norfolk (1477),Earl of Norfolk (1477),Earl of Nottingham (1476), possiblyEarl of Warenne (1477) |  | 17 August 1473 Shrewsbury Second son of KingEdward IV andElizabeth Woodville | Anne de Mowbray 15 January 1478 no children | Disappeared in theTower of London, with his older brother, the "Princes in the Tower". |
| Richard disappeared without issue and the title of duke became extinct. | ||||
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Tudor 1494–1509[22] also:Prince of Wales (1504),Duke of Cornwall (1502) |  | 28 June 1491 Greenwich Palace,London son ofHenry VII andElizabeth of York | Catherine of Aragon 11 June 1509 – 23 May 1533 (annulment) 1 surviving daughter, others stillborn or briefly-lived Anne Boleyn 25 January 1533 – 17 May 1536 (annulment) 1 daughter Jane Seymour 30 May 1536 – 24 October 1537 1 son Anne of Cleves 6 January 1540 – 9 July 1540 (annulment) no children Catherine Howard 28 July 1540 – 23 November 1541 no children Catherine Parr 12 July 1543 no children | 28 January 1547 Whitehall Palace,London aged 55 |
| Henry succeeded asHenry VIII in 1509 upon his father's death and the title of duke merged with the crown. | ||||
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Stuart 1605–1625[23] also:Duke of Albany (1600); Prince of Wales (1616),Duke of Cornwall andDuke of Rothesay (1612) | .jpg) | 19 November 1600 Dunfermline Palace,Dunfermline son ofJames I andAnne of Denmark | Henrietta Maria of France 13 June 1625 9 children | 30 January 1649 Whitehall Palace,London aged 48 |
| Charles succeeded asCharles I in 1625 uponhis father's death and the title of duke merged with the crown. | ||||
James was styled Duke of York from birth and officially created as such in 1644.
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Stuart 1633/1644–1685[24] also:Duke of Albany (1660),Earl of Ulster (1659) |  | 14 October 1633 St. James's Palace,London son ofCharles I andHenrietta Maria of France | Anne Hyde 3 September 1660 8 children Mary of Modena 21 November 1673 7 children | 16 September 1701 Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye,Paris aged 67 |
| James succeeded asJames II in 1685 uponhis brother's death and the title of duke merged with the crown. | ||||
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Benedict Stuart 1725–1788[24] also:Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church (1747),Dean of the College of Cardinals (1803) | _-002.jpg) | 6 March 1725 Palazzo Muti Rome Papal States son of"James III and VIII" (Jacobite Pretender) andMaria Clementina Sobieska | ____ | 13 July 1807 Frascati,Rome aged 82 |
| Henry succeeded his brother asJacobite pretender to the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland in 1788, calling himself "Henry IX", but was not recognized in Britain as a Duke, let alone as King. | ||||
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Frederick Ernest Albert House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1892–1910 also:Earl of Inverness andBaron Killarney (1892); Prince of Wales,Duke of Cornwall, andDuke of Rothesay (1901) |  | 3 June 1865 Marlborough House son ofEdward VII andAlexandra of Denmark | Mary of Teck 6 July 1893 6 children | 20 January 1936 Sandringham House,Sandringham aged 70 |  |
| George succeeded asGeorge V in 1910 uponhis father's death and the title of duke merged with the crown. | |||||
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albert Frederick Arthur George House of Windsor 1920–1936[25] also:Earl of Inverness andBaron Killarney (1920) |  | 14 December 1895 York Cottage,Sandringham son ofGeorge V andMary of Teck | Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon 26 April 1923 2 daughters | 6 February 1952 Sandringham House,Sandringham aged 56 |  |
| Albert succeeded asGeorge VI in 1936 uponhis brother'sabdication and the title of duke merged with the crown. | |||||
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Arms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrew Albert Christian Edward House of Windsor 1986[26]–2025 also:Earl of Inverness andBaron Killyleagh (1986) | .jpg) | 19 February 1960 Buckingham Palace son ofElizabeth II andPrince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Sarah Ferguson 23 July 1986 – 30 May 1996 (divorce) 2 daughters |  | |
| On 17 October 2025, Andrew announced he would no longer use the title "Duke of York" and its subsidiary titles.[27]On 30 October 2025, Buckingham Palace announced formal proceedings to remove the titles from Andrew had begun, along with the right to be titled "prince", and he would be known as Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor.[28]As of 30 October 2025, his name has been removed from theRoll of the Peerage.[29][30] The title will not be issued again until Andrew's death.[31] | |||||
| Peerages of Albany, Arklow, Inverness, Ulster and York family tree | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Family tree ofRoyal dukes in the United Kingdom | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Includes dukes of:Albany,Albemarle,Bedford,Cambridge,Clarence,Connaught and Strathearn,Cumberland,Edinburgh,Gloucester,Gloucester and Edinburgh,Hereford,Kent,Kintyre and Lorne,Norfolk,Ross,Somerset,Sussex,Windsor, andYork, but only when royally. Non-royal dukes are not included;seeRoyal dukedoms in the United Kingdom.
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
There is also military march titled Duke of York which is used as an inspection piece or slow march. It is in 4/4 time, D Major with a form of AABBCCDD. Gordon Ashman in 1991 maintains that the melody was composed in 1805, soon after the Duke of York became Colonel of the Grenadier Guards, and notes it is still in use today as a regimental slow-march. James Merryweather however, researched the melody and found it was composed by John Gamidge in 1789, to be played by the York Waits.[36]
| Royal dukedoms |  | |
|---|---|---|
England | ||
Scotland | ||
Great Britain | ||
Ireland | ||
United Kingdom | ||
Italics: This title is held by a peer who holds another of higher precedence. *This title is no longer used due to the holder ceasing its use in October 2025 | ||
Authority control databases: National |
|---|
