Quarterly: 1st, Paly of six Or and Sable(for Atholl); 2nd, Or a Fess chequy Azure and Argent(for Stewart); 3rd, Argent on a Bend Azure three Stags' Heads cabossed Or(for Stanley); 4th, Gules three Legs in armour Proper garnished and spurred Or flexed and conjoined in triangle at the upper part of the thigh(ensigns of the Isle of Man); over all, an Inescutcheon en surtout Azure three Mullets Argent within a Double tressure flory Or ensigned of a Marquess's coronet (for Chiefship of Murray).
As of 2017[update], there were twelve subsidiary titles attached to the dukedom: Lord Murray of Tullibardine (1604), Lord Murray, Gask and Balquhidder (1628), Lord Murray, Balvany and Gask (1676), Lord Murray, Balvenie and Gask, in the County of Perth (1703), Viscount of Balquhidder (1676), Viscount of Balquhidder, Glenalmond and Glenlyon, in the County of Perth (1703), Earl of Atholl (1629), Earl of Tullibardine (1628), Earl of Tullibardine (1676), Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle, in the County of Perth (1703), Marquess of Atholl (1676) and Marquess of Tullibardine, in the County of Perth (1703). These titles are also in the Peerage of Scotland. The dukes have also previously held the following titles:Baron Strange (Peerage of England 1628) between 1736 and 1764 and 1805 and 1957; Baron Murray, of Stanley in the County of Gloucester, and Earl Strange (Peerage of Great Britain 1786) between 1786 and 1957, Baron Glenlyon, of Glenlyon in the County of Perth (Peerage of the United Kingdom 1821) between 1846 and 1957 andBaron Percy (Peerage of Great Britain 1722) between 1865 and 1957. From 1786 to 1957, the Dukes of Atholl sat in theHouse of Lords as Earl Strange.[1]
The Duke's eldest son andheir apparent uses thecourtesy title Marquess of Tullibardine. The heir apparent to Lord Tullibardine uses the courtesy title Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle (usually shortened to Earl of Strathtay). Lord Strathtay's heir apparent uses the courtesy title Viscount Balquhidder. The Duke of Atholl is the hereditarychief ofClan Murray.
The Dukes of Atholl belong to an ancient Scottish family. Sir William Murray of Castleton married Lady Margaret, daughter ofJohn Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl (seeEarl of Atholl). Sir William was one of the many Scottish noblemen killed at theBattle of Flodden in 1513. His son Sir William Murray lived atTullibardine inPerthshire. The latter's grandson,Sir John Murray, was createdLord Murray of Tullibardine in 1604 andLord Murray, Gask and Balquhidder andEarl of Tullibardine in 1606. All three titles were in the Peerage of Scotland. He was succeeded by his eldest son, William Murray (1574–1628), the second Earl of Tullibardine. He married as his third wife Lady Dorothea, daughter of John Stewart, 5th and last Earl of Atholl.Charles I agreed to revive the earldom of Atholl in favour of Lord Tullibardine's children by Lady Dorothea. Tullibardine consequently resigned his titles in favour of his younger brother, Patrick Murray, who was created Lord Murray of Gask and Earl of Tullibardine in 1628, with remainder to his heirs male whatsoever and presumably with the precedence of 1606. John Murray, son of the second Earl of Tullibardine by Lady Dorothea Stewart, was createdEarl of Atholl in the Peerage of Scotland in 1629. He was succeeded by his son, thesecond Earl of Atholl. In 1670 he succeeded his cousin James Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine, as third (or fifth) Earl of Tullibardine. In 1676 he was createdLord Murray, Balveny and Gask,Viscount of Balquhidder,Earl of Tullibardine andMarquess of Atholl, with remainder to the heirs male of his body. All titles were in the Peerage of Scotland. Lord Atholl married Lady Amelia Anne Sophia, daughter ofJames Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby (and 1stBaron Strange).
On his death the titles passed to his eldest son, the second Marquess. He had already been created Lord Murray, Viscount Glenalmond and Earl of Tullibardine for life in the peerage of Scotland in 1696. In 1703 he was madeLord Murray, Balvenie and Gask, in the County of Perth,Viscount of Balwhidder, Glenalmond and Glenlyon, in the County of Perth,Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle, in the County of Perth,Marquess of Tullibardine, in the County of Perth, andDuke of Atholl, with remainder failing heirs male of his own to the heirs male of his father. All five titles were in the Peerage of Scotland. His eldest surviving son and heir apparent, William Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine, took part in theJacobite rising of 1715. He was charged with high treason and attainted by Act of Parliament. An Act of Parliament was also passed to remove him from the succession to his father's titles. William was, on 1 February 1717, created Duke of Rannoch, Marquis of Blair, Earl of Glen Tilt, Viscount of Glenshie, and Lord Strathbran in theJacobite Peerage. The first Duke was consequently succeeded by his third son, James, the second Duke. In 1736 he also succeeded his kinsmanJames Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby as 7thBaron Strange and asLord of Mann. On the death of his brother William in 1746, he succeeded to the Jacobite titles, such as they were. The Duke's two sons both died in infancy. His eldest daughterLady Charlotte succeeded him in the barony of Strange and the lordship of Mann. Atholl died in 1764 and was succeeded in the dukedom and remaining titles by his nephew, John, the third Duke. He was the eldest son ofLt-Gen Lord George Murray, sixth son of the first Duke (who had beenattainted for his participation in the Jacobite Rebellion of 1715), the same year he succeeded the House of Lords decided that he should be allowed to succeed in the titles despite his father's attainder. He married his first cousin, the aforementioned Charlotte Murray,Baroness Strange. They sold their sovereignty over theIsle of Man to the British Crown for £70,000.
John Stewart-Murray, 7th Duke of Atholl, KT
The Duke and Duchess were both succeeded by their eldest son John, the fourth Duke. In 1786 he was createdBaron Murray, ofStanley in the County of Gloucester, andEarl Strange in the Peerage of Great Britain. These titles gave him a seat in the House of Lords. Atholl sold his remaining properties and privileges in the Isle of Man to the British Crown for £409,000. He was succeeded on his death in 1829 by his eldest son, John, the fifth Duke. He had already in 1798 been declared to have been of an "unsound mind". The fifth Duke never married and was succeeded by his nephew,George Murray, 2nd Baron Glenlyon, the eldest son ofJames Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon, second son of the fourth Duke, who had been createdBaron Glenlyon, ofGlenlyon in the County of Perth, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1821. Lord Glenlyon married Lady Emily Frances Percy, daughter ofHugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland and 3rdBaron Percy.
The sixth Duke was succeeded by his only child, John, the seventh Duke. In 1865 he succeeded as sixthBaron Percy through his grandmother aforesaid. The same year he registered the additional surname of Stewart at theLyon Court. In 1893 he resumed the original spelling of the title, "Atholl" instead of "Athole". He was succeeded by his second but eldest surviving son, John, the eighth Duke, who died childless in 1942 and was succeeded by his youngest brother, James, the ninth Duke. James never married, and on his death in 1957 the baronies of Murray and Glenlyon and earldom of Strange became extinct, the barony of Percy was passed on to his kinsmanHugh Percy, 10th Duke of Northumberland, while the barony of Strange fell intoabeyance (seeBaron Strange).
The dukedom of Atholl and remaining titles were passed on to the late Duke's fourth cousin twice removed, Iain Murray, the tenth Duke of Atholl. He was the grandson of SirEvelyn Murray, son ofSir George Murray, grandson ofDr George Murray, Bishop of Rochester, son of BishopLord George Murray, second son of the third Duke. As all the English titles had become extinct on the ninth Duke's death, the tenth Duke was not entitled to an automatic seat in the House of Lords, gaining in 1957 the then unfortunate distinction of being the highest rankingpeer without a seat in the upper chamber of parliament. However, in 1958 Atholl was elected aScottish representative peer and was able to take a seat in the House of Lords. Through thePeerage Act 1963 all hereditary Scottish peers gained the right to sit in the House of Lords. The tenth Duke was unmarried and was succeeded in 1996 by his second cousin once removed,John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl. He was the grandson of the Rev. Douglas Stuart Murray, brother of the aforementioned Sir George Murray, great-grandfather of the tenth Duke. On his death in 2012, the eleventh Duke was succeeded by his eldest son,Bruce Murray, 12th Duke of Atholl.[2]
The traditional burial place of the Dukes of Atholl is theFamily Burial Ground (photo) next to the ruins of St Bride's Kirk in the grounds of Blair Castle. The ruin stands on a mound a little to the north-east of the castle, where a church has existed since at least 1134.[4] St Bride's was the village church of Old Blair but fell into disuse after 1823 when the estate village was relocated to its current location.[5]
The holder of the dukedom of Atholl also commands the only legal private army in Europe, theAtholl Highlanders, which is headquartered atBlair Castle.[6]
Patrick Murray, Lord Murray and Gask (c. 1644–c. 1661–1664) (elder son of the 2nd Earl, died unmarried)
James Murray, Lord Murray and Gask (c. 1652–c. 1664–1670) (younger son of the 2nd Earl, died young)
John Murray, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine (1631–1703) (first cousin of the 2nd Earl; became 2nd Earl of Atholl in 1642 and created Marquess of Atholl in 1676)
Other titles: Marquess of Tullibardine, Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle, Viscount of Balwhidder, Glenalmond and Glenlyonz and Lord Murray, Balvenie and Gask (Scotland, 1703); Marquess of Atholl, Earl of Tullibardine, Viscount of Balquhidder and Lord Murray, Balvany and Gask (Scotland, 1676); Earl of Atholl (Scotland, 1629); Earl of Tullibardine and Lord Murray, Gask and Balquhidder (Scotland, 1628); Lord Murray of Tullibardine (Scotland, 1604)
John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl (1929–2012)[2] (second cousin, once removed of the 10th Duke; great-great-grandson of Rt. Rev. George Murray, eldest son of Rt. Rev. Lord George Murray, second son of the 3rd Duke)
Dexter, on a Wreath Argent and Azure a Mermaid holding in her dexter Hand a Mirror and in her sinister a Comb all Proper Or (for Murray);centre, on a Wreath Or and Sable a Demi-savage Proper wreathed about the temples and waist with Laurel his arms extended and holding in the right hand a Dagger, in the left a Key all Proper (for Atholl);sinister, on a Wreath Argent and Azure a Peacock's head and neck Proper accompanied on either side by two Arms from the elbows Proper and vested in Maunches Azure doubled Argent.
Quarterly:1st, Paly of six Or and Sable (for Atholl);2nd, Or a Fess chequy Azure and Argent (for Stewart);3rd, Argent on a Bend Azure three Stags' Heads cabossed Or (for Stanley);4th, Gules three Legs in armour Proper garnished and spurred Or flexed and conjoined in triangle at the upper part of the thigh (ensigns of the Isle of Man);over all, anInescutcheon en surtout Azure three Mullets Argent within a Double tressure flory Or ensigned of a Marquess's coronet (for Chiefship of Murray).
Supporters
Dexter, a Savage Proper wreathed about the temples and loins with Juniper his feet in Fetters the Chain held in his right hand Proper;sinister, a Lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure gorged with a plain Collar of the Last charged with three Mullets Argent.
Motto
(Above thecrests)Dexter,Tout prest ("Quite ready");centre,Furth fortune and fill the fetters;sinister,Praite ("Ready").
Orders
Order of the Thistle circlet (displayed by the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 7th & 8th dukes (the 8th, who died 1942, also being GCVO)
John Murray 1631–1703 1st Marquess of Atholl, 2nd Earl of Atholl, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine, Lord Murray of Tullibardine, and Lord Murray, Gask and Balquhidder
Charles Adolphus Murray 1841–1907 7th Earl of Dunmore, Viscount of Fincastle, and Lord Murray of Blair, Moulin and Tillimet, 3rd Baron Dunmore
Reginald Murray 1846–1925
John George Stewart-Murray 1871–1942 8th Duke of Atholl and Marquess of Tullibardine, 13th Baron Strange, 5th Baron Murray of Stanley, 4th Baron Glenlyon
James Thomas Stewart-Murray 1879–1957 9th Duke of Atholl, 14th Baron Strange, 6th Baron Murray of Stanley, 5th Baron Glenlyon
^Mosley, Charles, ed. (1999). "Atholl".Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Vol. 1 (106th ed.). Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books). pp. 133–139.ISBN2-9400-8502-1.
^Morris, Susan; Bosberry-Scott, Wendy; Belfield, Gervase, eds. (2019). "Atholl".Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. Vol. 1 (150th ed.). London: Debrett's. pp. 418–427.ISBN978-1-9997-6705-1.
Italics: This title is held by a peer who holds another of higher precedence. *This title is no longer used due to the holder ceasing its use in October 2025
%2c_1668_-_1700._Son_of_1st_Marquess_of_Atholl_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg)
.jpg)
_(selon_Gelre).svg)
.svg)
