The Earl of Harrowby | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 14 May 1804 – 11 January 1805 | |
| Monarch | George III |
| Prime Minister | William Pitt the Younger |
| Preceded by | The Lord Hawkesbury |
| Succeeded by | The Lord Mulgrave |
| Lord President of the Council | |
| In office 11 June 1812 – 17 August 1827 | |
| Monarchs | |
| Prime Minister | The Earl of Liverpool |
| Preceded by | The Viscount Sidmouth |
| Succeeded by | The Duke of Portland |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1762-12-22)22 December 1762 London |
| Died | 26 December 1847(1847-12-26) (aged 85) Sandon Hall, Staffordshire |
| Resting place | Lichfield Cathedral |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Tory |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 8, includingDudley andGranville |
| Parent(s) | Nathaniel Ryder, 1st Baron Harrowby Elizabeth Terrick |
| Alma mater | St John's College, Cambridge |
Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of Harrowby,PC,FSA (22 December 1762 – 26 December 1847) was a prominent British politician of thePittite faction and theTory party.
Born in London, Ryder was the eldest son ofNathaniel Ryder, 1st Baron Harrowby, and his wife Elizabeth (née Terrick).Sir Dudley Ryder was his grandfather andRichard Ryder his younger brother. He was educated atHarrow School andSt John's College, Cambridge.[1]
Harrowby was elected to his father's old Parliament seat ofTiverton in 1784. His administrative career began with an appointment to be JointParliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs in 1789. In 1791 he was appointed jointPaymaster of the Forces, having been madeVice-President of the Board of Trade in 1790. He resigned the positions and also that ofTreasurer of the Navy when he succeeded to his father's barony in June 1803. In 1804 he wasSecretary of State for Foreign Affairs.[2] AfterJames Monroe's first interview with him on 30 May 1804, "...Monroe reported to his Government that Lord Harrowby's manners were designedly unfriendly; his reception was rough, his comments on the Senate's habit of mutilating treaties were harsh, his conduct throughout the interview was calculated to wound and to irritate."[3]
In 1805 he wasChancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster under his intimate friendWilliam Pitt; in the latter year he was sent on a special and important mission to the emperors ofAustria andRussia and the king ofPrussia as part of theHanover Expedition.[2] In 1809 he was honoured when he was madeViscount Sandon, of Sandon in the County of Stafford, andEarl of Harrowby, in the County of Lincoln. From November 1809 to June 1812 he served asMinister without portfolio in the cabinet ofSpencer Perceval.[4]
From 1812 to 1827, he served asLord President of the Council underLord Liverpool. AfterGeorge Canning's death in 1827, Harrowby refused to serveGeorge IV as prime minister and never held office again. Despite this he continued to take part in politics, being especially prominent during the deadlock which preceded the passing of theReform Bill in 1832. Harrowby's long association with theTories did not prevent him from assisting to remove the disabilities of Roman Catholics and Protestant dissenters, or from supporting the movement for electoral reform; he was also in favour of theemancipation of the slaves.[2] He was a member of theLiterary Association of the Friends of Poland.
Lord Harrowby married Lady Susanna Leveson-Gower, daughter ofGranville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford, in 1795. They had the following children:[5]
§Earl Fortescue and George Fortescue were brothers.
Lady Susanna died in May 1838. Lord Harrowby survived her by nine years and died in December 1847 at hisStaffordshire residence,Sandon Hall, aged 85, being, asCharles Cavendish Fulke Greville says, "the last of his generation and of the colleagues of Mr Pitt, the sole survivor of those stirring times and mighty contests."[2]
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Harrowby, Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 28.
| Parliament of Great Britain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Member of Parliament forTiverton 1784 –1801 With:Sir John Duntze 1784–1795 Richard Ryder 1795–1801 | Succeeded by Parliament of the United Kingdom |
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
| Preceded by Parliament of Great Britain | Member of Parliament forTiverton 1801–1803 With:Richard Ryder | Succeeded by |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by | Comptroller of the Household 1790–1791 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Vice-President of the Board of Trade 1790–1801 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Paymaster of the Forces 1791–1800 With:Thomas Steele | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Treasurer of the Navy 1800–1801 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Foreign Secretary 1804–1805 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1805–1806 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | President of the Board of Control 1809 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Lord President of the Council 1812–1827 | Succeeded by |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by | Senior Privy Counsellor 1844–1847 | Succeeded by |
| Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
| New creation | Earl of Harrowby 1809–1847 | Succeeded by |
| Peerage of Great Britain | ||
| Preceded by | Baron Harrowby 1803–1847 | Succeeded by |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
.svg)
