TheMalebranche (Italian:[ˌmaleˈbraŋke]; "Evil Claws")[1] are thedemons in theInferno ofDante'sDivine Comedy who guard Bolgia Five of the Eighth Circle (Malebolge). They figure inCantos XXI, XXII, and XXIII. Vulgar and quarrelsome, their duty is to force the corrupt politicians (barrators) to stay under the surface of a boiling lake ofpitch.
When Dante andVirgil meet them, the leader of the Malebranche,Malacoda ("Evil Tail"[1]), assigns a troop to escort the poets safely to the next bridge. Many of the bridges were destroyed in the earthquake that happened at the death ofChrist, which Malacoda describes, enabling the time this takes place to be calculated. The troop hook and torment one of the barrators (identified by early commentators asCiampolo), who names some Italian grafters and then tricks the Malebranche in order to escape back into the pitch. The demons are dishonest and malicious: the promise of safe conduct the poets have received turns out to have limited value (and there is no "next bridge"), so that Dante and Virgil are forced to escape from them.
Within theInferno, the demons provide some moments of satirical black comedy. There are twelve Malebranche named in the poem:
The last of these, for example, is introduced by Dante in lines 100–105 of Canto XXI:
They bent their hooks and shouted to each other:
And shall I give it to him on the rump?
And all of them replied, Yes, let him have it!
But Malacoda, still in conversation
with my good guide, turned quickly to his squadron
and said: Be still, Scarmiglione, still![4]
It is common among commentators on theInferno to interpret these names as garbled versions of the names of officials contemporary to Dante.[1][5] For example, Barbariccia may suggest the Ricci family ofFlorence, or the Barbarasi ofCremona.[3]
