Dorothy, Lady Dunnett | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Dorothy Halliday (1923-08-25)25 August 1923 Dunfermline, Scotland |
| Died | 9 November 2001(2001-11-09) (aged 78) Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Occupation | Novelist |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Period | 1961–2000 |
| Genre | historical fiction,mystery |
| Notable works | Lymond Chronicles,House of Niccolò,Johnson Johnson series,King Hereafter |
| Notable awards | OBE |
| Spouse | Sir Alastair Dunnett |
Dorothy, Lady DunnettOBE (née Halliday, 25 August 1923 – 9 November 2001) was a Scottish novelist best known for herhistorical fiction. Dunnett is most famous for her six novel series set during the 16th century, which concern the fictitious adventurerFrancis Crawford of Lymond. This was followed by the eight novel prequel seriesThe House of Niccolò. Her other works include a novel concerning the historicalMacbeth calledKing Hereafter (1982), and a series of mystery novels centered uponJohnson Johnson, a portrait painter and spy.
Dunnett was educated atJames Gillespie's High School for Girls inEdinburgh. She started her career as a press officer in the civil service, where she met her husband.
A leading light in the Scottish arts world and arenaissance woman, she was a professional portrait painter and exhibited at theRoyal Scottish Academy on many occasions. She had portraits commissioned by a number of prominent public figures in Scotland. She had a keen interest in opera, was a trustee of theNational Library of Scotland, a board member of theEdinburgh International Book Festival, a trustee of theScottish National War Memorial, and anon-executive director of Scottish Television. In 1992 she was awarded anOBE for her services to literature. Writing inThe Times Literary Supplement,Alexander Fiske-Harrison reviewed her final novel in 2000,Gemini, and through that her entire oeuvre of historical fiction: "Although Dunnett’s writing style is not the neutral prose of genre fiction and it can be opaque and hard to read, especially in the early works, at times, this works with the almost melodramatic content to produce a powerful, operatic mixture... It is neither as a literary novelist nor as a historian, but as a writer of historical fiction that Dorothy Dunnett deserves recognition... The publication ofGemini completes an ambitious literary circle."[1]
In 2001 she founded theDorothy Dunnett Society to promote interest in the historical periods about which she wrote and communication among her readers. Dunnett's archive was left to theNational Library of Scotland and articles from it appear inWhispering Gallery, the magazine of the Dorothy Dunnett Society.
Dorothy Dunnett was married in 1946 toSir Alastair Dunnett, editor ofThe Scotsman newspaper, and appears in his autobiography,Among Friends, 1984. By virtue of his knighthood in 1995, she became Lady Dunnett. She died inEdinburgh, and was survived by her sons Ninian and Mungo Dunnett.
The manuscript for the first book in theLymond Chronicles,The Game of Kings, was rejected by five British publishers before being published by U.S. publisherPutnam in 1961. It was written in response to her husband's suggestion that she write something herself, when she complained of having run out of reading material.
TheLymond Chronicles is a series of six novels, set in mid-sixteenth-century Europe and the Mediterranean, which follows the life and career of a Scottish nobleman,Francis Crawford of Lymond, from 1547 through 1558. Meticulously researched, the series takes place in a wide variety of locations, including France, theOttoman Empire,Malta, England, Scotland and Russia. In addition to a compelling cast of original characters, the novels feature many historical figures, often in important roles.
The House of Niccolò is a series of eight historical novels set in the late-fifteenth-century European Renaissance.Niccolo Rising, the first book of the series, was published in 1986, and the last,Gemini in 2000. The protagonist of the series isNicholas de Fleury (Niccolò, Nicholas van der Poele, or Claes), a talented boy of uncertain birth who rises to the heights of European merchant banking and international political intrigue. The series shares most of the locations in Dunnett's earlier series, theLymond Chronicles, but it extends much further geographically to take in the important urban centres ofBruges,Venice,Florence,Geneva, and theHanseatic League;Burgundy,Flanders, and Poland;Iceland; theIberian Peninsula andMadeira; the Black Sea cities ofTrebizond andCaffa;Persia; the Mediterranean islands ofCyprus andRhodes;Egypt and theSinai Peninsula; andWest Africa and the city ofTimbuktu. Nicholas's progress is intertwined with such historical characters asAnselm Adornes,James III of Scotland andJames II of Cyprus.
As with theLymond Chronicles, the series features a number of historical persons, many as important characters. Both the historical and fictional characters are, however, taken from a wider variety of occupations and social classes than in theLymond Chronicles. There are significant differences in narrative approach and writing style between the series, reflecting in part the very different personal journey taken by the central character in each.
King Hereafter (1982), her long novel set in Orkney and Scotland in the years just before the invasion of England by William the Conqueror, was in Dorothy Dunnett's eyes her masterpiece.[2] It is about an Earl of Orkney uniting the people of Alba (Scotland) and becoming its king, and is based on the author's premise that the central characterThorfinn, Earl of Orkney and the historicalMacbeth, Scottish King, were one and the same person (Thorfinn is his birth name and Macbeth his baptismal name).
Dunnett assisted in the compilation ofThe Dorothy Dunnett Companion (1994) andThe Dorothy Dunnett Companion II (2002), which were written by Elspeth Morrison. These books provide background information to historical characters and events featured in theLymond Chronicles andThe House of Niccolò, as well as explanations of classical allusions and literary and other quotations used in the two series, notes to sources of these citations, and many maps. The second volume, which was written after the Niccolò series was completed, contains a bibliography of many of the hundreds of primary and secondary sources Dunnett used in her historical research. Dunnett contributed more to the second volume than the first and wrote many of the entries.
This series of mystery thrillers was written over a long period, starting when she was writing the Lymond Chronicles. The final entry was published prior to the first House of Niccolò book.
A contemporary short story, "The Proving Climb", set on the Scottish Isle of St. Kilda, was published in the 1973 anthologyScottish Short Stories (Scottish Arts Council, published by Collins,ISBN 0-00-221851-8). It was republished by the Dorothy Dunnett Society and distributed to its members in 2008 with issue 100 ofWhispering Gallery.
The Lymond Poetry contains her versions and translations of some of the poems that appeared inThe Lymond Chronicles. This was finalised after her death by Elspeth Morrison and edited by Richenda Todd (ISBN 978-0141012445 published in 2003 by Penguin).
In collaboration with her husband, Alastair Dunnett, she wrote the text for the photography bookThe Scottish Highlands (Photographs: David Patterson), published in 1988.
In December 2016, it was announced that the rights to theLymond Chronicles had been obtained byMammoth Screen with a view to making a TV series.[3]
Dorothy Dunnett founded theDorothy Dunnett Society. Membership of this registered charity is open to all Dunnett readers, and aims to promote interest in the periods of history about which Dunnett wrote, to preserve her writings, and to promote appreciation of the literary merit of her works.[4] It also encourages discussion and meetings between readers. Prior to 1 September 2011, the Society was known as the Dorothy Dunnett Readers' Association.
On 22 April 2006, a memorial stone to Lady Dunnett was laid by her grandchildren, Hal and Bella Dunnett, alongside those forRobert Louis Stevenson,Robert Burns andSir Walter Scott in theMakars' Court inLady Stair's Close on theRoyal Mile in Edinburgh. The Lord Provost of Edinburgh was in attendance, and gave a speech, as did the Edinburgh Makar (Valerie Gillies), and theRoss Herald (Charles Burnett). The initiative to lay the stone, and the main funding for it, came from the members of the Dorothy Dunnett Society. The Stone contains Dorothy Dunnett's name, her coat of arms, and a brief quote from one of her books "Where are the links of the chain ... joining us to the past".
Dunnett's long-term home at 87 Colinton Road, Edinburgh was at anEdwardian era semi-detached villa in theMerchiston area, designed byEdward Calvert.
Dorothy Dunnett readers are devoted and active, and have held gatherings in Edinburgh in 1990, 1994, and in 2000 with over 300 people in attendance. Similar events were held inBoston, and inPhiladelphia in 2000. Since her death smaller international gatherings of between 50 and 115 people have been held inDublin (November 2001),New Orleans (November 2003),Malta (October 2005),Saddell in South West Scotland (April 2007),Orkney (September 2007), andParis (2010).A gathering, 'The Dunnett Siege of Constantinople', took place in Istanbul in September 2012.[5] Places visited by the 115 Siegers focused onPawn in Frankincense and also on John Grant in the Niccolὸ series, in which historical character John Grant had taken part in the 1453Siege of Constantinople, this was followed by the 'Dunnett Carnival of Venice' in Venice in 2016 focusing primarily on the 'House of Niccolò'.[6]
There are several meetings of readers in the UK each year, in locations such asOxford,Bath,London,York,Warwick,Harrogate andStamford.[7] Also the formal Annual General Meeting (AGM) of the Dorothy Dunnett Society is held each spring inEdinburgh as part of its Dorothy Dunnett Weekend.[8]
Occasional meetings are held in Australia and Canada, as well, with oneSworDDplay held inVancouver in April 2006 and another inAlexandria, Virginia in the United States in March 2008 and the Dunnett Confluence of Pittsburgh took place in Pennsylvania in October 2013. Smaller meetings also occur locally in several other countries, such as Germany (notably the annual meeting inDarmstadt) and Italy.
Readers also get together more informally to go on holiday to various Dunnett locations. In 2007 some readers visitedTimbuktu and othersVenice.
In 2011, the first International Dorothy Dunnett Day[9] was announced by the Dorothy Dunnett Society to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the publication ofThe Game of Kings. It was held on Saturday 15 October 2011, with readers gathering in locations around the world at 13:00 (1pm) local time to toast the author. Meetings were held in Edinburgh, London, Vancouver, San Francisco, the Costa Del Sol, Boston, and other locations. The second IDDD[10] was held on Saturday 10 November 2012, to commemorate the 11th anniversary of the death of Dorothy Dunnett on 9 November 2001. The last pre-COVID-19 event was held on 9 November 2019.[11][12]
