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Doris Hart

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
American tennis player (1925–2015)

Doris Hart
Hart in 1953
Country (sports) United States
Born(1925-06-20)June 20, 1925
St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
DiedMay 29, 2015(2015-05-29) (aged 89)
Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.
Retired1955 (but played at the1968 Wimbledon Championships and the1969 US Open)
CollegeUniversity of Miami
Int. Tennis HoF1969(member page)
Singles
Career record679–123
Career titles86
Highest rankingNo.1 (1951)
Grand Slam singles results
Australian OpenW (1949)
French OpenW (1950, 1952)
WimbledonW (1951)
US OpenW (1954, 1955)
Doubles
Career record0–0
Grand Slam doubles results
Australian OpenW (1950)
French OpenW (1948, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953)
WimbledonW (1947, 1951, 1952, 1953)
US OpenW (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954)
Grand Slam mixed doubles results
Australian OpenW (1949, 1950)
French OpenW (1951, 1952, 1953)
WimbledonW (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955)
US OpenW (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955)

Doris Hart (June 20, 1925 – May 29, 2015) was an Americantennis player who was active in the 1940s and first half of the 1950s. She was ranked world No. 1 in 1951. She was the fourth player, and second woman, to win a Career Grand Slam in singles. She was the first of only three players (all women) to complete the career "Boxed Set" ofGrand Slam titles, which is winning at least one title in singles, doubles, and mixed doubles at all four Grand Slam events. Only she andMargaret Court achieved this during the amateur era of the sport.

Hart played collegiate tennis for theMiami Hurricanes at theUniversity of Miami inCoral Gables, Florida.

Tennis career

[edit]

Hart reached 67Grand Slam finals and won 35 titles, tying withLouise Brough for sixth on the all-time list (behindMargaret Smith Court (64),Martina Navratilova (59),Billie Jean King (39),Serena Williams (39), andMargaret Osborne duPont (37)). Six of her titles were in women's singles, 14 in women's doubles, and 15 in mixed doubles.[1] Hart is one of only three players, all women, to have a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles — every possible title (singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles) from all four Grand Slam tournaments. The others are Margaret Smith Court and Martina Navratilova.[1] Hart was the first person to accomplish this feat.[2]

As a child, Hart suffered fromosteomyelitis, which resulted in a permanently impaired right leg. She started playing tennis when she was 10 years old, greatly encouraged by her brother Bud.[1]

After losing seven Grand Slam finals from 1942 through 1946, Hart won her first Grand Slam title at the1947 Wimbledon Championships inwomen's doubles. At that point, she was still a student at theUniversity of Miami.[3][4]

Her first Grand Slam singles title came at the1949 Australian National Championships, where she was the only non-Australian player in thedraw. She also won singles titles at the1950 and1952 French International Championships, the1951 Wimbledon Championships (routing doubles partnerShirley Fry in the final),[3] and the1954 and1955 U.S. National Championships.[3][5] The 1955 U.S. singles final was the last Grand Slam singles match of her career.[5]

Hart won thesingles,women's doubles, andmixed doubles titles at the 1951 Wimbledon Championships, playing the finals of all three events on the same day (July 7, 1951).[3] She also won the "triple crown" at the 1952 French International Championships and the 1954 U.S. National Championships.[6]

During herWightman Cup career from 1946 through 1955, Hart was a perfect 14–0 in singles matches and 8–1 in doubles matches.[1]

Hart did not lose a Grand Slam women's doubles match from the1951 French International Championships through the semifinals of the1954 Wimbledon Championships, 43 matches in total, although she skipped 4 Grand Slam tournaments during this period. She also did not lose a mixed doubles match at the 13 Grand Slam tournaments she played from the 1951 French International Championships through the 1955 U.S. National Championships. She (and partnerStan Smith) lost in thethird round of the1968 Wimbledon Championships toFrew McMillan andAnnette Van Zyl Du Plooy 6–3, 12–10.

According to John Olliff and Lance Tingay ofThe Daily Telegraph and theDaily Mail, Hart was ranked in the world top 10 from 1946 through 1955 (no rankings issued from 1940 through 1945), reaching a career high of world No. 1 in those rankings in 1951.[7] Hart was included in the year-end top 10 rankings issued by theUnited States Lawn Tennis Association from 1942 through 1955. She was the top ranked U.S. player in 1954 and 1955.[8]

Hart retired from the tour in late 1955 to become a tennis teaching professional. Her autobiographyTennis with Hart was published that year.[6]

She was inducted into the inaugural Class of 1967 inductees to the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame and inducted into theInternational Tennis Hall of Fame in 1969.

She died on May 29, 2015, at her home in Coral Gables, Florida, at age 89.[9]

Grand Slam finals

[edit]

Singles (6 titles, 12 runners-up)

[edit]
ResultYearChampionshipSurfaceOpponentScore
Loss1946U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited StatesPauline Betz9–11, 3–6
Loss1947WimbledonGrassUnited StatesMargaret Osborne duPont2–6, 4–6
Loss1947French ChampionshipsClayUnited StatesPatricia Canning Todd3–6, 6–3, 4–6
Loss1948WimbledonGrassUnited StatesLouise Brough3–6, 6–8
Win1949Australian ChampionshipsGrassAustraliaNancye Wynne Bolton6–3, 6–4
Loss1949U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Margaret Osborne duPont3–6, 1–6
Loss1950Australian ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Louise Brough4–6, 6–3, 4–6
Win1950French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Patricia Canning Todd6–4, 4–6, 6–2
Loss1950U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Margaret Osborne duPont4–6, 3–6
Loss1951French ChampionshipsClayUnited StatesShirley Fry3–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win1951WimbledonGrassUnited States Shirley Fry6–1, 6–0
Win1952French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Shirley Fry6–4, 6–4
Loss1952U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited StatesMaureen Connolly3–6, 5–7
Loss1953French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Maureen Connolly2–6, 4–6
Loss1953WimbledonGrassUnited States Maureen Connolly6–8, 5–7
Loss1953U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Maureen Connolly2–6, 4–6
Win1954U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Louise Brough6–8, 6–1, 8–6
Win1955U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited KingdomPatricia Ward6–4, 6–2

Doubles (14 titles, 16 runners-up)

[edit]
ResultYearChampionshipSurfacePartnerOpponentsScore
Loss1942U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited StatesPauline BetzUnited StatesLouise Brough
United StatesMargaret Osborne duPont
6–2, 5–7, 0–6
Loss1943U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Pauline BetzUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
4–6, 3–6
Loss1944U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Pauline BetzUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
6–4, 4–6, 3–6
Loss1945U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Pauline BetzUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
3–6, 3–6
Loss1946WimbledonGrassUnited States Pauline BetzUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
3–6, 6–2, 3–6
Loss1946French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Pauline BetzUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
4–6, 6–0, 1–6
Win1947WimbledonGrassUnited StatesPatricia Canning ToddUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
3–6, 6–4, 7–5
Loss1947French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Patricia Canning ToddUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
5–7, 2–6
Loss1947U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Patricia Canning ToddUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
7–5, 3–6, 5–7
Win1948French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Patricia Canning ToddUnited StatesMary Arnold Prentiss
United StatesShirley Fry
6–4, 6–2
Loss1948WimbledonGrassUnited States Patricia Canning ToddUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
1–6, 1–6
Loss1948U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Patricia Canning ToddUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
4–6, 10–8, 1–6
Loss1949Australian ChampionshipsGrassAustraliaMarie ToomeyAustraliaNancye Wynne Bolton
AustraliaThelma Coyne Long
0–6, 1–6
Loss1949U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
4–6, 8–10
Win1950Australian ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Louise BroughAustralia Nancye Wynne Bolton
Australia Thelma Coyne Long
6–3, 2–6, 6–3
Win1950French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
1–6, 7–5, 6–2
Loss1950WimbledonGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
4–6, 7–5, 1–6
Loss1950U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
2–6, 3–6
Win1951French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Shirley FrySouth AfricaBeryl Bartlett
United StatesBarbara Scofield
10–8, 6–3
Win1951WimbledonGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
6–2, 13–11
Win1951U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited StatesNancy Chaffee
United States Patricia Canning Todd
6–4, 6–2
Win1952French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Shirley FrySouth AfricaHazel Redick-Smith
South AfricaJulia Wipplinger
7–5, 6–1
Win1952WimbledonGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United StatesMaureen Connolly
8–6, 6–3
Win1952U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Maureen Connolly
10–8, 6–4
Win1953French ChampionshipsClayUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Maureen Connolly
United StatesJulia Sampson
6–4, 6–3
Win1953WimbledonGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Maureen Connolly
United States Julia Sampson
6–0, 6–0
Win1953U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
6–2, 7–9, 9–7
Loss1954WimbledonGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
6–4, 7–9, 1–6
Win1954U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
6–4, 6–4
Loss1955U.S. National ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Shirley FryUnited States Louise Brough
United States Margaret Osborne duPont
3–6, 6–1, 3–6

Mixed doubles: 19 (15 titles, 4 runners-up)

[edit]
ResultYearChampionshipSurfacePartnerOpponentsScore
Loss1945U.S. ChampionshipsGrassUnited StatesBob FalkenburgUnited StatesMargaret Osborne duPont
United StatesBill Talbert
4–6, 4–6
Loss1948French ChampionshipsClayAustraliaFrank SedgmanUnited StatesPat Canning Todd
CzechoslovakiaJaroslav Drobný
3–6, 6–3, 3–6
Loss1948WimbledonGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanUnited StatesLouise Brough
AustraliaJohn Bromwich
2–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win1949Australian ChampionshipsGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanAustraliaJoyce Fitch
AustraliaJohn Bromwich
6–1, 5–7, 12–10
Win1950Australian ChampionshipsGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanAustralia Joyce Fitch
South AfricaEric Sturgess
8–6, 6–4
Loss1950U.S. ChampionshipsGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanUnited States Margaret Osborne duPont
AustraliaKen McGregor
4–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win1951French ChampionshipsClayAustralia Frank SedgmanAustraliaThelma Coyne Long
AustraliaMervyn Rose
7–5, 6–2
Win1951WimbledonGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanAustraliaNancye Wynne Bolton
Australia Mervyn Rose
7–5, 6–2
Win1951U.S. ChampionshipsGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanUnited StatesShirley Fry
Australia Mervyn Rose
6–3, 6–2
Win1952WimbledonGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanAustralia Thelma Coyne Long
ArgentinaEnrique Morea
4–6, 6–3, 6–4
Win1952French ChampionshipsClayAustralia Frank SedgmanUnited States Shirley Fry
South Africa Eric Sturgess
6–8, 6–3, 6–3
Win1952U.S. ChampionshipsGrassAustralia Frank SedgmanAustraliaThelma Long
AustraliaLew Hoad
6–3, 7–5
Win1953French ChampionshipsClayUnited StatesVic SeixasUnited StatesMaureen Connolly
Australia Mervyn Rose
4–6, 6–4, 6–0
Win1953WimbledonGrassUnited States Vic SeixasUnited States Shirley Fry
Argentina Enrique Morea
9–7, 7–5
Win1953U.S. ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Vic SeixasUnited StatesJulia Sampson
AustraliaRex Hartwig
6–2, 4–6, 6–4
Win1954WimbledonGrassUnited States Vic SeixasUnited StatesMargaret duPont
AustraliaKen Rosewall
5–7, 6–4, 6–3
Win1955WimbledonGrassUnited States Vic SeixasUnited States Louise Brough
Argentina Enrique Morea
8–6, 2–6, 6–3
Win1954U.S. ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Vic SeixasUnited States Margaret duPont
Australia Ken Rosewall
4–6, 6–1, 6–1
Win1955U.S. ChampionshipsGrassUnited States Vic SeixasUnited States Shirley Fry
AustraliaGardnar Mulloy
7–5, 5–7, 6–2

Grand Slam performance timelines

[edit]
Key
W F SFQF#RRRQ#DNQANH
(W) winner; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (DNQ) did not qualify; (A) absent; (NH) not held; (SR) strike rate (events won / competed); (W–L) win–loss record.

Singles

[edit]
Tournament194019411942194319441945194611947119481949195019511952195319541955Career SRWin–loss
Australian ChampionshipsANHNHNHNHNHAAAWFAAAAA1 / 28-1
French ChampionshipsNHRRRRAQFFSFAWFWFAA2 / 728-5
Wimbledon ChampionshipsNHNHNHNHNHNHQFFFASFWQFFSFSF1 / 943-8
U.S. National Championships2R21RQFSFQFSFFSFQFFFSFFFWW2 / 1657-13
SR0 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 30 / 30 / 31 / 21 / 41 / 31 / 30 / 31 / 21 / 26 / 34
Win–loss0-00-13-13-12-13-110-314-311-39-120-315-213-214-310-19-1136-27

Doubles

[edit]
Tournament19421943194419451946119471194819491950195119521953195419551956– 196719681969Career SR
Australian ChampionshipsNHNHNHNHAAAFWAAAAAAAA1 / 2
French ChampionshipsRRRAFFWAWWWWAAAAA5 / 7
Wimbledon ChampionshipsNHNHNHNHFWFAFWWWF2RA2RA4 / 10
U.S. National ChampionshipsFFFFSFFFFFWWWWFAA1R4 / 15
SR0 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 31 / 31 / 30 / 22 / 43 / 33 / 33 / 31 / 20 / 20 / 00 / 10 / 114 / 34

Mixed doubles

[edit]
Tournament19421943194419451946119471194819491950195119521953195419551956–196719681969Career SR
Australian ChampionshipsNHNHNHNHAAAWWAAAAAAAA2 / 2
French ChampionshipsRRRA2RAFA3RWWWAAAAA3 / 6
Wimbledon ChampionshipsNHNHNHNH4RSFFASFWWWWWA3RA5 / 10
U.S. National Championships2R1RQFFQF1RSFQFFWWWWWAAQF5 / 15
SR0 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 30 / 20 / 31 / 21 / 43 / 33 / 33 / 32 / 22 / 20 / 00 / 10 / 115 / 33

R = tournament restricted to French nationals and held underGerman occupation.
1In 1946 and 1947, the French Championships were held after Wimbledon.
2Hart did not play at this event. Her opponent got a walkover.

See also

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References

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  1. ^abcdFrank Litsky (May 31, 2015)."Doris Hart, Tennis Standout Despite Physical Limitations, Dies at 89".The New York Times. RetrievedMay 31, 2015.
  2. ^"Grand Slam tennis champ Doris Hart of U.S. dies at 89".The Globe and Mail. Reuters. May 30, 2015. Archived fromthe original on May 31, 2015. RetrievedJune 1, 2015.
  3. ^abcdRichard Evans (May 31, 2015)."Doris Hart obituary".The Guardian. London. RetrievedJune 1, 2015.
  4. ^Howard Kleinberg (2013).Legendary Locals of Greater Miami. Arcadia Publishing. p. 56.ISBN 9781467100823.
  5. ^ab"Tennis Career Grand Slam Winner Doris Hart Dies at 89".ABC News. Associated Press. May 30, 2015. RetrievedJune 1, 2015.
  6. ^ab"Doris Hart, tennis champion – obituary".The Daily Telegraph. June 1, 2015. RetrievedJune 1, 2015.
  7. ^Collins, Bud (2008).The Bud Collins History of Tennis: An Authoritative Encyclopedia and Record Book. New York City: New Chapter Press. pp. 695,702–3.ISBN 978-0-942257-41-0.
  8. ^United States Tennis Association (1988).1988 Official USTA Tennis Yearbook. Lynn, Massachusetts: H. O. Zimman, Inc. pp. 260–1.
  9. ^"Tennis career Grand Slam winner Doris Hart dies at 89".Sports Illustrated. May 30, 2015. RetrievedMay 30, 2015.

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