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Adirect-controlled municipality is the highest level classification forcities used byunitary states, with status equal to that of the provinces in the respective countries. A direct-controlled municipality is similar to, but not the same as, afederal district, a common designation in various countries for a municipality that is not part of any state, and which usually hosts some governmental functions. Usually direct-controlled municipality are under central government control with limited power. In some cases, a similar term infederal states is thefederal city.
Many countries have adopted this system with some variations. Geographically and culturally, many of the municipalities areenclaves in the middle of provinces. Some occur in strategic positions in between provinces.
