Marie Dionne Warwick (/diˈɒnˈwɔːrwɪk/dee-ONWOR-wik;[1] bornMarie Dionne Warrick; December 12, 1940) is an American singer, actress, and television host. During her career, Warwick has won many awards, including sixGrammy Awards. She has been inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame, the Grammy Hall of Fame, the National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame, theRock and Roll Hall of Fame and theApollo Theater Walk of Fame. In 2019, Warwick won the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Three of her songs ("Walk On By", "Alfie", and "Don't Make Me Over") have been inducted into theGrammy Hall of Fame.
Warwick ranks among the 40 biggest U.S. hit makers between 1955 and 1999, based on her chart history onBillboard'sHot 100 pop singles chart. She is the second-most charted female vocalist during therock era (1955–1999). She is also one of the most-charted vocalists of all time, with 56 of her singles making the Hot 100 between 1962 and 1998 (12 of them Top Ten), and 80 singles in total – either solo or collaboratively – making the Hot 100,R&B, oradult contemporary charts.[2][3] Warwick ranks number 74 on theBillboard Hot 100's "Greatest Artists of all time". She is a formerGoodwill Ambassador for theUN'sFood and Agriculture Organization.
Marie Dionne Warrick, later Warwick, was born to Arthur Lee Drinkard and Mancel Warrick.[4][5][better source needed] Her mother was manager ofthe Drinkard Singers, and her father was aPullman porter, chef, record promoter, andCPA. Dionne was named after her aunt on her mother's side.[6] She had a sister,Delia ("Dee Dee"), who died in 2008, and a brother, Mancel Jr., who was killed in an accident in 1968 at the age of 21. Her parents were bothAfrican-American, and she also hasNative American andDutch ancestry.[7]
Many members of Warwick's family were members ofthe Drinkard Singers, a family gospel group[11] andRCA recording artists who frequently performed throughout the New York metropolitan area. The original group, known as the Drinkard Jubilairs, consisted of Cissy, Anne, Larry, and Nicky, and later included Warwick's grandparents, Nicholas and Delia Drinkard, and their children: William, Lee (Warwick's mother) and Hansom. When the Drinkard Singers performed onTV Gospel Time, Dionne Warwick had her television performance debut.
Marie instructed the group, and they were managed by Lee. As they became more successful, Lee and Marie began performing with the group, and they were augmented by pop/R&B singerJudy Clay, whom Lee had unofficially adopted.Elvis Presley eventually expressed an interest in having them join his touring entourage.[8]
Other talented singers joined the Gospelaires from time-to-time, including Judy Clay,Cissy Houston (mother ofWhitney Houston), andDoris "Rikii" Troy, whose chart selection "Just One Look" (when she recorded it in 1963) featured backing vocals from the Gospelaires. After personnel changes (Dionne and Doris left the group after achieving solo success), the Gospelaires became the recording groupthe Sweet Inspirations, and had some chart success, but were much sought after as studio background singers. The Gospelaires, and later the Sweet Inspirations, performed on many records cut in New York City for artists such asGarnet Mimms,the Drifters,Jerry Butler,Solomon Burke and, later, Warwick's solo recordings,Aretha Franklin and Elvis Presley. Warwick recalled, in 2002'sBiography, that "a man came running frantically backstage at the Apollo and said he needed background singers for a session forSam "the Man" Taylor and old big-mouth here spoke up and said 'We'll do it!' and we left and did the session. I wish I remembered the gentleman's name because he was responsible for the beginning of my professional career."[12]
The chance encounter led to the group being asked to provide background vocals at recording sessions around New York. Soon, the group was in-demand for their harmonies among New York musicians and producers, after hearing their work with the Drifters,Ben E. King,Chuck Jackson,Dinah Washington,Ronnie Hawkins, and Solomon Burke, among many others.[citation needed] In the same aforementionedBiography interview, Warwick recalled that, on weekdays after school, the girls would catch a bus from East Orange to thePort Authority Terminal, then take thesubway to the recording studios inManhattan, perform their background vocal work, and still be back at home in East Orange with time to do their school homework. Warwick's music work would continue while she pursued her studies at Hartt.
While she was performing background on the Drifters' recording of their 1962 release "Mexican Divorce", Warwick's voice and star presence were noticed by the song's composer,Burt Bacharach,[13] aBrill Building songwriter who was writing songs with many other songwriters, including lyricistHal David.[14] According to a July 14, 1967, article on Warwick inTime, Bacharach stated, "She has a tremendous strong side and a delicacy when singing softly – like miniature ships in bottles." Musically, she was no "play-safe girl. What emotion I could get away with!" During the session, Bacharach asked Warwick if she would be interested in recording demonstration recordings of his compositions to pitch the tunes to record labels, paying her $12.50 per demo recording session (equivalent to $130 in 2024).[15][16] One such demo, "It's Love That Really Counts" – destined to be recorded by Scepter-signed actthe Shirelles – caught the attention of the President ofScepter Records,Florence Greenberg, who, according toCurrent Biography (1969 Yearbook), told Bacharach, "Forget the song, get the girl!"[17]
Warwick was signed to Bacharach's and David's production company, according to Warwick, which in turn was signed to Scepter Records in 1962 by Greenberg. The partnership would provide Bacharach with the freedom to produce Warwick without the control of recording company executives and companyA&R men. Warwick's musical ability and education would also allow Bacharach to compose more challenging tunes.[14] The demo version of "It's Love That Really Counts", along with her original demo of "Make It Easy on Yourself", would surface on Warwick's debut Scepter album,Presenting Dionne Warwick, which was released in early 1963.[17]
In November 1962, Scepter Records released her first solo single, "Don't Make Me Over", the title of which Warwick supplied herself when she snapped the phrase at producers Burt Bacharach and Hal David in anger.[18] Warwick had found out that "Make It Easy on Yourself" – a song on which she had recorded the original demo and had wanted to be her first single release – had been given to another artist,Jerry Butler. From the phrase "don't make me over", Bacharach and David created their first top-40 pop hit (No. 21) and a top-5 U.S. R&B hit. Warrick's name was misspelled on the single's label, and she began using the new spelling, "Warwick", both professionally and personally.[19]
After "Don't Make Me Over" hit in 1962, she answered the call of her manager, left school and went on a tour ofFrance, where critics crowned her "Paris' Black Pearl", having been introduced on stage atParis Olympia that year byMarlene Dietrich.[20]
The two immediate follow-ups to "Don't Make Me Over" – "This Empty Place" (with "B" side "Wishin' and Hopin'" later recorded byDusty Springfield) and "Make The Music Play" – charted briefly in the top 100. Her fourth single, "Anyone Who Had a Heart",[14] released in November 1963,[21] was Warwick's first top 10 pop hit (No. 8) in the U.S. and an international million seller. This was followed by "Walk On By" in April 1964, another major international hit and million seller that solidified her career. For the rest of the 1960s, Warwick was a fixture on the U.S. and Canadian charts, and much of her output from 1962 to 1971 was written and produced by the Bacharach/David team.
Warwick weathered theBritish Invasion better than most American artists. Her biggest UK hits were "Walk On By" and "Do You Know the Way to San Jose?"[14] In the UK, a number of Bacharach-David-Warwick songs were recorded by British singersCilla Black,Sandie Shaw andDusty Springfield, most notably Black's "Anyone Who Had a Heart", which went to No. 1 in the UK. This upset Warwick, who described feeling insulted when told that in the UK, record company executives wanted her songs recorded by someone else. Warwick met Cilla Black while on tour in Britain. She recalled what she said to Black: "I told her that 'You're My World' would be my next single in the States. I honestly believe that if I'd sneezed on my next record, then Cilla would have sneezed on hers too. There was no imagination in her recording."[22] Warwick later covered two of Cilla's songs – "You're My World" appeared onDionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls, released in 1968 and on the soundtrack toAlfie.
Warwick was named the Bestselling Female Vocalist in theCash Box Magazine poll in 1964, with six chart hits in that year.Cash Box named her the Top Female Vocalist in 1969, 1970 and 1971. In the 1967Cash Box poll, she was second toPetula Clark, and in 1968's poll second toAretha Franklin.Playboy's influential Music Poll of 1970 named her the Top Female Vocalist. In 1969, Harvard'sHasty Pudding Society named her Woman of the Year.[23]
InTime's cover article of May 21, 1965, entitled "Rock 'n' Roll: The Sound of the Sixties", Warwick's sound was described as:
Swinging World. Scholarly articles probe the relationship between theBeatles and the nouvelle vague films ofJean-Luc Godard, discuss "the brio and elegance" of Dionne Warwick's singing style as a 'pleasurable but complex' event to be 'experienced without condescension.' In chic circles, anyone damningrock 'n' roll is labeled not only square but uncultured. For inspirational purposes, such hip artists asRobert Rauschenberg,Larry Rivers andAndy Warhol occasionally paint while listening to rock 'n' roll music. Explains Warhol: "It makes me mindless, and I paint better." After gallery openings in Manhattan, the black-tie gatherings often adjourn to adiscothèque.[24]
In 1965, Eon Productions intended to use Warwick's song titled "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" as the theme song of theJames Bond filmThunderball, untilAlbert R. Broccoli insisted that the theme song include the film's title. A new song titled "Thunderball" was composed and recorded at the eleventh hour, performed byTom Jones. The melody of "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" remains a major component of the film score. The Ultimate Edition DVD ofThunderball has the Warwick song playing over the titles on one of the commentary track extras, and the song was released on the 30th-anniversary CD of Bond songs.
The mid-1960s to early 1970s were a more successful time period for Warwick, who saw a string of gold-selling albums and Top 20 and Top 10 hit singles. "Message to Michael", a Bacharach-David composition[14] that the duo was certain was a "man's song", became a top 10 hit for Warwick in May 1966. The January 1967 LPHere Where There Is Love was her firstRIAA certified Gold album, and featured "Alfie" and two 1966 hits: "Trains and Boats and Planes" and "I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself". "Alfie" had become a radio hit when disc jockeys across the nation began to play the album cut early in 1967. "Alfie" was released as the "B" side of a Bacharach/David ballad, "The Beginning of Loneliness", which charted in the Hot 100. Disc jockeys flipped the single and made it a double-sided hit. Bacharach had been contracted to produce "Alfie" for theMichael Caine film ofthe same name and wanted Warwick to sing the tune, but the British producers wanted a British subject to cut the tune.Cilla Black was selected to record the song, and her version peaked at No. 95 upon its release in the US. A cover version byCher used in the American prints of the film peaked at No. 33. In the UK and Australia, Black's version was a Top-10 hit.[25]
Later that same year, Warwick earned her first RIAA certified Gold single for U.S. sales of over one million units for the single "I Say a Little Prayer". When disc jockeys across the nation began to play the track from the album in late 1967 and demanded its release as a single, Scepter Records complied and "I Say a Little Prayer" became Warwick's biggest U.S. hit to that point, reaching No. 4 on theBillboard Hot 100 and Canadian Chart.[26][27] The tune was also the first RIAA certified USA million seller for Bacharach-David.[28][29]
Her follow-up to "I Say a Little Prayer", "(Theme from) Valley of the Dolls", was unusual in several respects. It was not written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David; it was the "B" side of her "I Say a Little Prayer" single, and it was a song that she almost did not record. While thefilm version ofValley of the Dolls was being made, actressBarbara Parkins suggested that Warwick be considered to sing the film's theme song, written by songwriting teamAndré andDory Previn. The song was to be recorded byJudy Garland, who was subsequently fired from the film. Warwick performed the song, and when the film became a success in the early weeks of 1968, disc jockeys flipped the single and made the single one of the biggest double-sided hits of the rock era and another million seller. At the time, RIAA rules allowed only one side of a double-sided hit single to be certified as gold, but Scepter awarded Warwick an "in-house award" to recognize "(Theme from) Valley of the Dolls" as a million selling tune.[30][31]
Warwick had re-recorded a Pat Williams-arranged version of the theme at A&R Studios in New York because contractual restrictions with her label would not allow the Warwick version from the film to be included on the20th Century Fox soundtrack LP, and reverse legal restrictions would not allow the film version to be used anyplace else in a commercial LP. The LPDionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls, released in early 1968 and containing the re-recorded version of the movie theme (No. 2 for three weeks), "Do You Know the Way to San Jose?" and several new Bacharach-David compositions, hit the No. 6 position on theBillboard album chart and would remain on the chart for over a year. The film soundtrack LP, without Warwick vocals, failed to impress the public, whileDionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls earned an RIAA Gold certification.
The single "Do You Know the Way to San Jose?" (an international million seller and a Top-10 hit in several countries, including the UK, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Japan and Mexico) was also a double-sided hit, with the "B" side "Let Me Be Lonely" charting at No. 79. More hits followed into 1971, including "Who Is Gonna Love Me" (No. 32, 1968) with "B" side, "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me" becoming another double-sided hit; "Promises, Promises" (No. 19, 1968); "This Girl's in Love with You" (No. 7, 1969); "The April Fools" (No. 37, 1969); "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" (No. 15, 1969); "I'll Never Fall in Love Again" (No. 6 Pop, No. 1 AC, 1969); "Make It Easy on Yourself" (No. 37 Pop, No. 10 AC, 1970); "Let Me Go to Him" (No. 32 Pop, No. 4 AC, 1970); and "Paper Mache" (No. 43 Pop, No. 3 AC), 1970). Warwick's final Bacharach/David penned single on the Scepter label was March 1971's "Who Gets the Guy" (No. 52 Pop, No. 6 AC), 1971), and her final "official" Scepter single release was "He's Moving On" b/w "Amanda", (No. 83 Pop, No. 12 AC) both from the soundtrack of the motion picture adaptation ofJacqueline Susann'sThe Love Machine.[citation needed]
Warwick had become the priority act of Scepter Records with the release of "Anyone Who Had a Heart" in 1963.[citation needed] Other Scepter LPs certified RIAA Gold includeDionne Warwick's Golden Hits Part 1 released in 1967 andThe Dionne Warwicke Story: A Decade of Gold released in 1971. By the end of 1971, Warwick had sold an estimated 35 million singles and albums internationally in less than nine years and more than 16 million singles in the U.S. alone. Exact figures of her sales are unknown and probably underestimated, due to Scepter Records' apparently lax accounting policies and the company policy of not submitting recordings for RIAA audit. Warwick became the first Scepter artist to request RIAA audits of her recordings in 1967 with the release of "I Say a Little Prayer".
On September 17, 1969,CBS Television aired Warwick's first television special, entitledThe Dionne Warwick Chevy Special. Warwick's guests were Burt Bacharach,George Kirby,Glen Campbell, andCreedence Clearwater Revival.[citation needed] In 1970, Warwick formed her own label, Sonday Records, of which she was president. Sonday was distributed by Scepter.[32]
In 1971, Warwick left the family atmosphere of Scepter Records forWarner Bros. Records, for a $5 million contract, the most lucrative recording contract given to a female vocalist up to that time, according toVariety. Warwick's last LP for Scepter was the soundtrack for the motion pictureThe Love Machine, in which she appeared in an uncredited cameo, released in July 1971. In 1975, Bacharach and David sued Scepter Records for an accurate accounting of royalties due the team from their recordings with Warwick and labelmateB.J. Thomas. They were awarded almost $600,000 and the rights to all Bacharach/David recordings on the Scepter label. The label, with the defection of Warwick to Warner Bros. Records, filed for bankruptcy in 1975 and was sold to Springboard International Records in 1976.
Following her signing with Warners, with Bacharach and David as writers and producers, Warwick returned to New York City's A&R Studios in late 1971 to begin recording her first album for the new label, the self-titledDionne (not to be confused with her later Arista debut album) in January 1972. The album peaked at No. 57 on theBillboard Hot 100 Album Chart. In 1972, Burt Bacharach and Hal David scored and wrote the tunes for the motion pictureLost Horizon. However, the film was panned by the critics, and in the fallout, the songwriting duo decided to terminate their working relationship. The break-up left Warwick devoid of their services as her producers and songwriters. She was contractually obligated to fulfill her contract with Warners without Bacharach and David, and she would team with a variety of producers during her tenure with the label.
Faced with the prospect of being sued by Warner Bros. Records due to the breakup of Bacharach/David and their failure to honor their contract with Warwick, she filed a $5.5 million lawsuit against her former partners for breach of contract. The suit was settled out of court in 1979 for $5 million, including the rights to all Warwick recordings produced by Bacharach and David.
Also in 1971, Warwick had her name changed to "Warwicke" per the advice ofLinda Goodman, an astrologer friend, who believed it would bring greater success. A few years later, she reverted to the old spelling after a string of disappointments and an absence from theBillboard top 40.[34]
Without the guidance and songwriting that Bacharach/David had provided, Warwick's career stalled in the early 1970s although she remained a top concert draw throughout the world. There were no big hits during the early and mid part of the decade, aside from 1974's "Then Came You", recorded as a duet withthe Spinners and produced byThom Bell. Bell later noted, "Dionne made a (strange) face when we finished [the song]. She didn't like it much, but I knew we had something. So we ripped a dollar in two, signed each half and exchanged them. I told her, 'If it doesn't go number one, I'll send you my half.' When it took off, Dionne sent hers back. There was an apology on it." It was her first U.S. No. 1 hit on theBillboard Hot 100. Other than this success, Warwick's five years onWarner Bros. Records produced no other major hits, but "Then Came You" was issued by co-ownedAtlantic Records, the Spinners' label.[35] Two notable songs recorded during this period were "His House and Me" and "Once You Hit The Road" (No. 79 pop, No. 5 R&B, No. 22 Adult Contemporary), both of which were produced in 1975 byThom Bell.[citation needed]
Warwick recorded five albums with Warners:Dionne (1972), produced by Bacharach and David and a modest chart success;Just Being Myself (1973), produced by Holland-Dozier-Holland;Then Came You (1975), produced byJerry Ragovoy;Track of the Cat (1975), produced byThom Bell; andLove at First Sight (1977), produced bySteve Barri andMichael Omartian. Her five-year contract with Warners expired in 1977, and with that, she ended her stay at the label.A Man and a Woman is a duet live album by American singers Isaac Hayes and Dionne Warwick, released in 1977 by ABC Records. The album was recorded during one of the concerts of the artists' 1976 joint tour.[citation needed] Warwick's dry spell on the American charts ended with her signing to Arista Records in 1979, where she began a second highly successful run of hit records and albums well into the late 1980s.
With the move to Arista Records and the release of her RIAA-certified million seller "I'll Never Love This Way Again" in 1979, Warwick was again enjoying top success on the charts. The song was produced byBarry Manilow. The accompanying album,Dionne, wascertified platinum in the United States for sales exceeding one million units. The album peaked at No. 12 on theBillboard albums chart and made the top 10 of theBillboard R&B albums chart. Warwick had been personally signed and guided by the label's founderClive Davis, who told her, "You may be ready to give the business up, but the business is not ready to give you up."[citation needed] Warwick's next single release was another major hit. "Deja Vu" was co-written byIsaac Hayes and hit No. 1 Adult Contemporary as well as No. 15 onBillboard's Hot 100. In 1980, Warwick won twoGrammy Awards forBest Pop Vocal Performance, Female for "I'll Never Love This Way Again" andBest R&B Vocal Performance, Female for "Déjà Vu". She became the first female artist in the history of the awards to win in both categories the same year.[36] Her second Arista album, 1980'sNo Night So Long sold 500,000 U.S. copies and featured the title track which became a major success – hitting No. 1 Adult Contemporary and No. 23 onBillboard's Hot 100[37] – and the album peaked at No. 23 on theBillboard albums chart.[38]
In January 1980, while under contract to Arista Records, Warwick hosted a two-hour TV special calledSolid Gold '79. This was adapted into the weekly one-hour showSolid Gold, which she hosted throughout 1980 and 1981 and again in 1985–86. Major highlights of each show were the duets she performed with her co-hosts, which often included some of Warwick's hits and her co-hosts' hits, intermingled and arranged bySolid Gold musical director Michael Miller. Another highlight in each show was Warwick's vocal rendition of theSolid Gold theme, composed by Miller (with lyrics byDean Pitchford).[36]
After a brief appearance in the top forty in early 1982 withJohnny Mathis on "Friends in Love" – from the album of the same name – Warwick's next hit later that same year was her full-length collaboration withBarry Gibb of theBee Gees for the albumHeartbreaker. The project came about whenClive Davis was attending his aunt's wedding in Orlando, Florida in early 1982 and spoke with Barry Gibb. Gibb mentioned that he had always been a fan of Warwick's, and Davis arranged for them to meet and discuss a project. Barry had just had tremendous success writing and co-producing a smash hit album forBarbra Streisand (1980'sGuilty), which prompted Davis to suggest they do something similar for Warwick. Both the album andthe title single were released in October 1982 to massive success.[36] Warwick later stated to Wesley Hyatt in hisBillboard Book of Number One Adult Contemporary Hits that she was not initially fond of "Heartbreaker" but recorded the song because she trusted Barry's judgment that it would be a hit. The song did indeed become one of Warwick's biggest international hits, returning her to the top 10 of theBillboardHot 100 as well as No. 1 Adult Contemporary and No. 2 in both the UK and Australia. The song was also a top-10 hit throughout continental Europe, Japan, South Africa, Canada and Asia. The album ended up selling 3 million copies internationally and earned Warwick anRIAAgold record award in the US. In the UK,Heartbreaker became Warwick's most successful album, peaking at No. 3 and was certifiedplatinum, while both the hit title track and follow-up single "All the Love in the World" (another UK top ten hit) would both be certified silver, becoming her biggest selling singles there.
In 1983, Warwick releasedHow Many Times Can We Say Goodbye, produced byLuther Vandross. The album's most successful single was the title track, "How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye", a Warwick/Vandross duet, which peaked at No. 27 on theBillboard Hot 100. It also became a top-10 hit on the Adult Contemporary and R&B charts. The album peaked at No. 57 on theBillboard albums chart. Of note was a reunion with the originalShirelles on Warwick's cover of "Will You (Still) Love Me Tomorrow?". The albumFinder of Lost Loves followed in 1984 and reunited her with bothBarry Manilow and Burt Bacharach, who was writing with his then current lyricist partner and wife,Carole Bayer Sager. In 1985, Warwick contributed her voice to the multi-Grammy Award winning charity song "We Are the World", along with vocalists likeMichael Jackson,Diana Ross, andRay Charles. The song spent four consecutive weeks at No. 1 on theBillboard Hot 100 chart. It was the year's biggest hit – certified four times platinum in the United States alone.[36]
In 1985, Warwick and Bacharach once again collaborated on the song "That's What Friends Are For". This period was the first time they had worked together since the 1970s, when Warwick felt abandoned by Bacharach and Hal David dissolving their partnership. Warwick said of their reconciliation:[39]
We realized we were more than just friends. We were family. Time has a way of giving people the opportunity to grow and understand ... Working with Burt is not a bit different from how it used to be. He expects me to deliver and I can. He knows what I'm going to do before I do it, and the same with me. That's how intertwined we've been.[39]
Warwick in 1986
Warwick recorded "That's What Friends Are For" as a benefit single for theAmerican Foundation for AIDS Research (AmFAR) alongsideGladys Knight,Elton John andStevie Wonder in 1985. The single, credited to "Dionne and Friends", was released in October and eventually raised more than three million dollars for that cause. The tune was a triple No. 1 – R&B, Adult Contemporary, and four weeks at the summit on theBillboard Hot 100 in early 1986 – selling close to two million 45s in the United States alone. "Working against AIDS, especially after years of raising money for work on many blood-related diseases such as sickle-cell anemia, seemed the right thing to do. You have to be granite not to want to help people with AIDS, because the devastation that it causes is so painful to see. I was so hurt to see my friend die with such agony", Warwick toldThe Washington Post in 1988.[citation needed] "I am tired of hurting and it does hurt." The single won the performers theNARAS Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, as well as Song of the Year for its writers, Bacharach and Bayer Sager. It also was ranked byBillboard magazine as the most popular song of 1986. With this single, Warwick also released her most successful album of the 1980s, titledFriends, which reached No. 12 on theBillboard albums chart.[36]In 1987, Dionne Warwick won the Special Recognition Award at theAmerican Music Awards for "That's What Friends Are For".
In 1987, Warwick scored another hit with "Love Power". Her eighth career No. 1 Adult Contemporary hit, it also reached No. 5 on the R&B chart and No. 12 on theBillboard Hot 100. A duet withJeffrey Osborne, it was also written by Burt Bacharach and Carole Bayer Sager, and it was featured on Warwick's albumReservations for Two. The album's title song, a duet withKashif, was also a chart hit. Other artists featured on the album includedSmokey Robinson andJune Pointer.[36]
During the 1990s, Warwick hostedinfomercials for thePsychic Friends Network, which featured self-described psychic Linda Georgian. The900 numberpsychic service was active from 1991 to 1998. According to press statements throughout the 1990s, the program was the most successful infomercial for several years and Warwick earned in excess of three million dollars per year as spokesperson for the network. In 1998, Inphomation, the corporation owning the network, filed for bankruptcy and Warwick ended her association with the organization. Warwick's longtime friend and tour manager Henry Carr acknowledged that "when Dionne was going through an airport and a child recognized her as 'that psychic lady on TV', Dionne was crushed and said she had worked too hard as an entertainer to become known as 'the psychic lady.'"[citation needed]
Warwick's most publicized album during this period was 1993'sFriends Can Be Lovers, which was produced in part by Ian Devaney andLisa Stansfield. Featured on the album was "Sunny Weather Lover", which was the first song that Burt Bacharach and Hal David had written together for Warwick since 1972. It was Warwick's lead single in the United States, and was heavily promoted byArista, but failed to chart. A follow-up "Where My Lips Have Been" peaked at No. 95 on theHot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks. The 1994Aquarela Do Brasil album marked the end of Warwick's contract with Arista Records. In 1990, Warwick recorded the song "It's All Over" with former member ofModern TalkingDieter Bohlen (Blue System). The single peaked at No. 60 (No. 33 airplay) on the German pop charts and it was covered on Blue System's albumDéjà Vu.
In 1993,Forrest Sawyer, host of the ABC news/entertainment programDay One, alleged financial improprieties by the Warwick Foundation, founded in 1989 to benefit AIDS patients, and particularly Warwick's charity concert performances organized to benefit the organization as "America's Ambassador of Health". The network news magazine story, "That's What Friends Are For", reported that the Warwick Foundation was operating at more than 90% administrative cost, donating only about 3% of the money it raised to AIDS groups. Several AIDS groups and nonprofit experts criticized her foundation, including an AIDS group in the Virgin Islands that claimed she nearly bankrupted them after extravagant expenses left nothing for local charities. ABC reported that Warwick flew first class and was accommodated at first-class hotels for charity concerts and events in which she participated for the Warwick Foundation, managed by her close confidante, Guy Draper, a former chief of protocol for former Washington DC Mayor Marion Barry, and who had a history of bankruptcies. Warwick alleged that the ABC report was racially motivated and threatened to sue ABC News for defamation, although a suit was never filed. The Internal Revenue Service began an investigation of the Warwick Foundation after other complaints were filed, and the Warwick Foundation was later dissolved. ABC's story was nominated for a national Emmy award in 1994 and won a prestigious Investigative Reporters and Editors national television award in 1993.[40]
My Favorite Time of the Year and move to Concord Records (2000–2010)
In 2004, Warwick's first Christmas album was released. EntitledMy Favorite Time of the Year, the CD featured jazzy interpretations of many holiday classics. In 2007, Rhino Records re-released the CD with new cover art.
In 2005, Warwick was honored byOprah Winfrey at her Legends Ball. She appeared on the May 24, 2006, fifth-season finale ofAmerican Idol. Warwick sang a medley of "Walk On By" and "That's What Friends Are For", with longtime collaborator Burt Bacharach accompanying her on the piano.
In 2006, Warwick signed withConcord Records after a 15-year tenure at Arista, which had ended in 1994. Her first and only release for the label wasMy Friends and Me, a duets album containing reworkings of her old hits, very similar to her 1998 CDDionne Sings Dionne. Among her singing partners wereGloria Estefan,Olivia Newton-John,Wynonna Judd andReba McEntire. The album peaked at No. 66 on theTop R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The album was produced by her son,Damon Elliott. A follow-up album featuring Warwick's old hits as duets with male vocalists was planned, but the project was cancelled. The relationship with Concord concluded with the release ofMy Friends and Me. A compilation CD of her greatest hits and love songs,The Love Collection, entered the UK album chart at number 27 on February 16, 2008.
Warwick's second gospel album,Why We Sing, was released on February 26, 2008, in the United Kingdom and on April 1, 2008, in the United States. The album features guest spots by her sisterDee Dee Warwick andBeBe Winans.[citation needed]
On October 18, 2008, Warwick's sister Dee Dee died in a nursing home inEssex County, New Jersey. She had been in failing health for several months.
In 2008, Warwick began recording an album of songs from theSammy Cahn andJack Wolf songbooks. The finished recording, entitledOnly Trust Your Heart, was released in 2011.
On October 20, 2009, Starlight Children's Foundation and New Gold Music Ltd. released a song that Warwick had recorded about ten years prior called "Starlight". The lyrics were written byDean Pitchford, prolific writer ofFame, screenwriter of – and sole or joint lyricist of every song in the soundtrack of – the original 1984 filmFootloose, and lyricist of theSolid Gold theme. The music had been composed byBill Goldstein, whose versatile career included the original music for NBC'sFame TV series. Warwick, Pitchford and Goldstein announced that they would be donating 100% of their royalties to Starlight Children's Foundation, to support Starlight's mission to help seriously ill children and their families cope with pain, fear and isolation through entertainment, education and family activities.
When Bill and Dean brought this song to me, I instantly felt connected to its message of shining a little light into the lives of people who need it most", said Warwick. "I admire the work of Starlight Children's Foundation and know that if the song brings hope to even just one sick child, we have succeeded.
Only Trust Your Heart and Grammy Award (2010–2019)
In 2011, the New Jazz style CDOnly Trust Your Heart was released, featuring many Sammy Cahn songs. In March 2011, Warwick appeared onThe Celebrity Apprentice 4. Her charity wasthe Hunger Project. She was dismissed from her "apprenticeship" toDonald Trump during the fourth task of the season. In February 2012, Warwick performed "Walk On By" onThe Jonathan Ross Show. She also received the Goldene Kamera Musical Lifetime Achievement Award in Germany,[41] and performed "That's What Friends Are For" at the ceremony.
In 2012, the 50th anniversary CD entitledNOW was released; Warwick recorded 12 Bacharach/David tracks produced by Phil Ramone.
On September 19, 2013, she collaborated with country singer Billy Ray Cyrus for his song "Hope Is Just Ahead".
In 2014, the duets albumFeels So Good was released. Funkytowngrooves re-issued the remastered Arista albumsNo Night So Long,How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye ("So Amazing"), andFinder of Lost Loves ("Without Your Love"), all expanded with bonus material.
In December 2015, Warwick's website released theTropical Love EP with five tracks previously unreleased from the Aquarel Do Brasil Sessions in 1994 – To Say Goodbye (Pra Dizer Adeus) with Edu Lobo – Love Me – Lullaby – Bridges (Travessia) – Rainy Day Girl with Ivan Lins.[44]
AHeartbreaker two-disc expanded edition was planned for a 2016 release by Funkytowngrooves, which would include the original Heartbreaker album and up to 15 bonus tracks consisting of a mixture of unreleased songs, alternate takes, and instrumentals, with more remastered and expanded Arista albums to follow. In 2016, she was inducted into the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame.[45]
In 2017, she performed a benefit in Chicago for the Center on Halsted, an organization that contributes to the LGBTQ community. This event was co-chaired by Rahm Emanuel and Barack Obama. Also that year, she made a cameo appearance in the Christian dramaLet There Be Light directed byKevin Sorbo.
Dionne Warwick performing "Peace Like A River" withDolly Parton, 2023
In 2020, she appeared as "Mouse" on thethird season ofThe Masked Singer. She was eliminated in the fifth round, but came back during the first part of the season three finale to sing "What the World Needs Now Is Love" with the finalistsNight Angel,Frog andTurtle as a tribute to the healthcare workers working on the front lines during thecoronavirus pandemic. This performance was created after the season wrapped production in March.[46] Warwick made a guest appearance during Gladys Knight's and Patti Labelle'sVerzuz battle. Together they performed Warwick's song, "That's What Friends Are For". They closed with their collaborative song "Superwoman".[47]
InMy Life, as I See It: An Autobiography, Warwick lists her honorary doctorate from Hartt among those awarded by six other institutions: Hartt College, Bethune-Cookman University, Shaw University, Columbia College of Chicago,Lincoln College, Illinois [May 2010, Doctor of Arts (hon.)],[48] and University of Maryland Eastern Shore.[citation needed]
Warwick appears in a documentary revolving around her life and career,Dionne Warwick: Don't Make Me Over, which had its world premiere at theToronto International Film Festival in September 2021.[51] Organizers of the Toronto Film Festival announced that she would be honored in the upcoming event as a music icon.[52] On November 26, 2021, Warwick released the single "Nothing's Impossible" a duet featuringChance the Rapper. Two charities are being supported by the duet: SocialWorks, a Chicago-based nonprofit that Chance founded to empower the youth through the arts, education and civic engagement, and Hunger: Not Impossible, a text-based service connecting kids and their families in need with prepaid, nutritious, to-go meals from local restaurants.[53] On January 1, 2023, the documentary premiered on national television on CNN.[54][55]
In December 2023, Warwick participated in thefifth series ofThe Masked Singer UK as "Weather". She was eliminated and unmasked on the first episode.[56]
On April 26, 2024, Warwick along with the vocal groupthe Chi-Lites, were inducted into The Atlantic City Walk of Fame. Producer, writer and directorDave Wooley was the presenter for Warwick. The induction ceremony was held at Brighton Park in Atlantic City, NJ.[57][58][59]
Warwick is acontralto,[63][64][65][66] particularly known for her signaturemusicality and "husky" singing voice.[67][68][69][70]The New Yorker theatre criticHilton Als reported that, early in her singing career, Warwick's widevocal range "allowed her both to sing contralto low notes and to soar as asoprano".[64] According to Mike Joyce ofThe Washington Post, some performances on Warwick's albumDionne Warwick Sings Cole Porter (1990) capture her warmth "and emphasize her subtle phrasing".[65] In a separate review published in 1982, Joyce noted that Warwick's "magical" voice still manages to be "opaque, elusive, elegant" simultaneously, even when performing what he described as some of her most banal material in her discography.[71] Reviewing a concert in 1983,The New York Times music criticStephen Holden observed that Warwick's voice had deepened "into a near-baritone at its bottom end", resulting in "an ever-more fascinating vocal personality".[69] Similarly, in 2006, Sarah Dempster ofThe Guardian observed that Warwick's voice "has deepened with age, lending a splendidly full-bodied finish to everything".[72]
Music critics have described Warwick as themuse of songwriters Burt Bacharach and Hal David's,[72][73][74][75] a term Bacharach himself has used to refer to the singer.[76] Bacharach confirmed that they considered Warwick their "main artist", to whom they allowed first priority on new songs.[76] MTV contributor Carol Cooper said Warwick's interpretation of their songs "established Warwick as the eloquent voice of wounded feminine pride", crediting her with making their material "even more unique and compelling".[77] According toMichael Musto ofThe Village Voice, the singer's voice proved to be "the perfect venue for Bacharach-David hits", writing, "Dionne could do sultry, pained, wispy, and regretful, all with sophisticated phrasings that made her a vocal emblem for the '60s heartbeat".[78] The singer claims she did not find their material difficult to sing because they had been written specifically for her voice.[79] Cooper identified their partnership as a precedent to the collaborations between R&B singer Toni Braxton, and songwritersBabyface andDiane Warren.[77]
Musically,The New York Times music criticStephen Holden andThe Guardian's Ian Gittins described Warwick as apop soul singer.[69][74] However,AllMusic biographer William Ruhlmann found the singer particularly difficult to categorize as a vocalist, writing, "Although Warwick grew up singing in church, she is not a gospel singer.Ella Fitzgerald andSarah Vaughan are clear influences, but she is not a jazz singer. R&B is also part of her background, yet she is not really a soul singer, either, at least not in the sense that Aretha Franklin is".[80] Similarly, another AllMusic reviewer, Steve Leggett, believes Warwick combines elements of jazz, soul, R&B and gospel, which ultimately results in her being a "pure pop singer".[81]The Washington Informer senior editor D. Kevin McNeir reported that Warwick's delivery and stage presence are often described as "scintillating, soothing, sensual and soulful".[82] A writer for theSouth Bend Tribune observed that Warwick is usually described as a "sophisticated" singer, while noting that this term "doesn't place her in a specific musical category".[83] A writer forThe Guardian described Warwick as "one of the greatest pop singers of all time",[84] while Mikael Wood of theLos Angeles Times named her "that one-of-a-kind instrument that defined pop sophistication in the mid-1960s".[85]
In recent years, Warwick has become known for sharing candid, straightforward opinions about various topics on the social media platformTwitter,[86][87][88] being nicknamed the "Queen of Twitter" by several media publications.[89][90][84]
In 1966, Warwick married actor and drummerWilliam Elliott; they divorced in May 1967. They reconciled and were remarried in Milan, Italy, in August 1967.[91] On January 18, 1969, while living inEast Orange, New Jersey, she gave birth to her first son, David Elliott. In 1973, her second sonDamon Elliott was born. On May 30, 1975, the couple separated and Warwick was granted a divorce in December 1975 in Los Angeles. The court denied Elliott's request for $2,000 a month (equivalent to $11,700 in 2024) in support pending a community property trial, and for $5,000, when he insisted he was making $500 a month in comparison to Warwick making $100,000 a month (equivalent to $584,000 in 2024). Warwick stated "I was the breadwinner. The male ego is a fragile thing. It's hard when the woman is the breadwinner. All my life, the only man who ever took care of me financially was my father. I have always taken care of myself."[92]
In 2002, Warwick was arrested at Miami International Airport for possession of marijuana. It was discovered that she had 11 suspected marijuana cigarettes inside her carry-on luggage, hidden in a lipstick container. She was charged with possessing marijuana totaling less than five grams.[93][94] In 2009 Warwick had a $2.2 million federal tax lien filed against her. The IRS eventually discovered that a large portion of the lien was due to an accounting error and revoked $1.2mil in 2012.[95][96]
In 1993, her older son David, a former Los Angeles police officer, co-wrote with Terry Steele the Warwick-Whitney Houston duet "Love Will Find a Way", featured on her albumFriends Can Be Lovers. Since 2002, he has periodically toured with and performed duets with his mother (along with being the drummer of her touring band), and had his acting debut in the filmAli as the singerSam Cooke. David became a singer-songwriter, withLuther Vandross's "Here and Now" among others to his credit.
Her second son, Damon, is a music producer, who has worked withMýa,Pink,Christina Aguilera andKeyshia Cole. He arranged and produced his mother's 2006 Concord releaseMy Friends and Me.[97] She received a 2014Grammy Award nomination in the Traditional Pop Category for her 2013 album release,Now.[98]
On January 24, 2015, Warwick was hospitalized after a fall in the shower at her home. After ankle surgery, she was discharged from the hospital.[99][100]
Warwick declaredChapter 7 bankruptcy inNew Jersey on March 21, 2013.[101] Due to the reported mismanagement of her business affairs, she listed liabilities that included nearly $7 million owed to theInternal Revenue Service for the years 1991 to 1999 and more than $3 million in business taxes owed to the state ofCalifornia. Unable to work out an agreement with tax officials, she and her attorney decided that declaring bankruptcy would be the best course of action.[102]
Warwick's sisterDee Dee Warwick also had a successful singing career, scoring several notable R&B hits in the US, including the original version of "I'm Gonna Make You Love Me". Dee Dee recorded the original version of the song "You're No Good", which later became a 1963 No. 5 R&B hit forBetty Everett, a 1964 No. 3 UK hit forthe Swinging Blue Jeans and a 1975 No. 1 pop hit forLinda Ronstadt. In 1966, the Swinging Blue Jeans had a No. 31 UK hit with a cover of Dionne's "Don't Make Me Over", thus appearing in theUK Singles Chart with covers of songs from both Warwick sisters.
Warwick's maternal aunt is gospel-trained vocalistCissy Houston, mother of Warwick's cousin, the late singerWhitney Houston.
In her 2011 autobiography,My Life, as I See It, Warwick notes that opera divaLeontyne Price is a maternal cousin.[103]
In addition to numerous awards and honors, the Miami-Dade Chamber of Commerce has declared May 25 to be Dionne Warwick Day and Lincoln Elementary School in East Orange, New Jersey, honored her by renaming it to the Dionne Warwick Institute of Economics and Entrepreneurship.[citation needed]
On Friday, October 11, 2024, Warwick was honored by the City of East Orange, NJ with a street renaming ceremony. North Arlington Avenue at City Hall Plaza was given the name "Dionne Warwick Way". The ceremony included a tribute concert by hundreds of children. The ceremony was also attended by her two sons and Clive Davis, the notable music producer. Reported by CBS News.
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^Umphred, Neal (June 19, 2023)."Understanding RIAA Gold and Platinum Record Awards".ratherrarerecords.com.Archived from the original on February 22, 2024. RetrievedJune 5, 2024.If the LP was reissued as a CD with additional "bonus" material (such as B-sides, outtakes, etc.) and the CD runs over fifty-five minutes, then the RIAA counts it as a completely separate album (a double-album).
^Poomsawai, Chanun (June 8, 2014)."Behold the Holy Trinity".Bangkok Post. RetrievedOctober 20, 2022.Ne-Yo's low register works great with Warwick's legendary contralto.
Nathan, David (1999).The Soulful Divas: Personal Portraits of over a dozen divine divas from Nina Simone, Aretha Franklin, & Diana Ross, to Patti LaBelle, Whitney Houston, Mariah Carey, & Janet Jackson. Watson-Guptill Publications.ISBN0-8230-8425-6.
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Lifetime Television's Intimate Portrait: Dionne Warwick. Performers: Dionne Warwick, Lee Warrick, David Elliott, Damon Elliott, Cissy Houston, et al. Lifetime Entertainment Video. 2004.
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