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Dimethoxyamphetamine

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Group of chemical compounds
This articleneeds morereliable medical references forverification or relies too heavily onprimary sources. Please review the contents of the article andadd the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged andremoved.Find sources: "Dimethoxyamphetamine" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(December 2014)

Dimethoxyamphetamine (DMA) is a series of six lesser-knownpsychedelic drugs similar in structure to the three isomers ofmethoxyamphetamine and six isomers oftrimethoxyamphetamine. The isomers are 2,3-DMA,2,4-DMA,2,5-DMA, 2,6-DMA,3,4-DMA, and3,5-DMA. Three of the isomers were characterized byAlexander Shulgin in his bookPiHKAL.[1] Little is known about their dangers or toxicity.

Interactions

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See also:Psychedelic drug § Interactions, andTrip killer § Serotonergic psychedelic antidotes

Pharmacology

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Pharmacodynamics

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3,4-DMA,2,4-DMA,2,5-DMA, and theirN-methylanalogues all fail to produce stimulus generalization todextroamphetamine in rodentdrug discrimination tests, suggesting that they lackpsychostimulant- or amphetamine-like effects, at least in rodents.[2] This is in contrast to2-methoxyamphetamine (OMA),3-methoxyamphetamine (MMA), and4-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), which all produce substitution for dextroampehtamine, albeit with far lowerpotency than amphetamine,methamphetamine, and other stimulants.[2]

List of dimethoxyamphetamines

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2,3-DMA

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Main article:2,3-Dimethoxyamphetamine

Not known to have been assessed in humans and inactive in terms of psychedelic-like effects in rodents.

2,4-DMA

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2,4-DMA
Main article:2,4-Dimethoxyamphetamine
  • Dosage: 60 mg or greater
  • Duration: "Probably short."
  • Effects:stimulative, amphetamine-like effects

2,5-DMA

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2,5-DMA
Main article:2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine

2,5-DMA is the alpha-methylhomologue of2C-H and could be called "DOH" under the DO naming scheme. It is theparent compound of theDOx series of drugs.

It is a low-potencyserotonin5-HT2A receptorpartial agonist and has also been assessed at several othertargets.[5] The drug does not appear to bind to themonoamine transporters.[5]

2,6-DMA

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Main article:2,6-Dimethoxyamphetamine

Not known to have been assessed in humans and inactive in terms of psychedelic-like effects in rodents.

3,4-DMA

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3,4-DMA
Main article:3,4-Dimethoxyamphetamine

Note that two other positional isomers of dimethoxyamphetamine, 2,6-DMA and 3,5-DMA, have also been made, but these drugs have not been tested in humans and their effects are unknown. However, it is likely that these compounds would also produce amphetamine-like stimulation or possibly hallucinogenic effects.

3,5-DMA

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Main article:3,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine

Not known to have been assessed in humans and inactive in terms of psychedelic-like effects in rodents.

Society and culture

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Legal status

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Australia

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DMA is considered a Schedule 9 prohibited substance in Australia under thePoisons Standard (October 2015).[6] A Schedule 9 substance is a substance which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of Commonwealth and/or State or Territory Health Authorities.[6]

New Zealand

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DMA is considered a Class A controlled drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1975.[7]

United States

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2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine is listed as a Scheduled Icontrolled substance at the federal level in theUnited States and is therefore illegal to buy, possess, and sell.[8] 2,4-dimethoxyamphetamine, 2,6-dimethoxyamphetamine, 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine, and 3,5-dimethoxyamphetamine are eachposition isomers of 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine, they are therefore all Schedule I controlled substances as well.

See also

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References

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  1. ^abcShulgin, Alexander;Shulgin, Ann (September 1991).PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story. Berkeley, California: Transform Press.ISBN 0-9630096-0-5.OCLC 25627628.
  2. ^abGlennon RA (1989)."Stimulus properties of hallucinogenic phenalkylamines and related designer drugs: formulation of structure-activity relationships"(PDF).NIDA Res Monogr.94:43–67.PMID 2575229. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on May 11, 2023.
  3. ^"PiHKAL". isomerdesign.com. Retrieved2012-03-17.
  4. ^Baltzly, Richard; Buck, Johannes S. (1940). "Amines Related to 2,5-Dimethoxyphenethylamine".Journal of the Chemical Society.62:161–164.doi:10.1021/ja01858a046.
  5. ^abLuethi, Dino; Rudin, Deborah; Hoener, Marius C.; Liechti, Matthias E. (2022)."Monoamine Receptor and Transporter Interaction Profiles of 4-Alkyl-Substituted 2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamines".The FASEB Journal.36 (S1).doi:10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R2691.ISSN 0892-6638.
  6. ^abPoisons Standard October 2015https://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2015L01534
  7. ^"Misuse of Drugs Act 1975". New Zealand Government. Retrieved2016-01-18.
  8. ^"§1308.11 Schedule I." Archived fromthe original on 2009-08-27. Retrieved2014-12-21.

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