Dillingen | |
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 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Dillingen within Saarlouis district  | |
 Location of Dillingen | |
  Dillingen  Dillingen | |
| Coordinates:49°21′N6°44′E / 49.350°N 6.733°E /49.350; 6.733 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Saarland |
| District | Saarlouis |
| Subdivisions | 3 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2024–34) | Christian Finkler[1] (CDU) |
| Area | |
• Total | 22.05 km2 (8.51 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 183 m (600 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31)[2] | |
• Total | 19,941 |
| • Density | 904.4/km2 (2,342/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 66744–66763 |
| Dialling codes | 06831 |
| Vehicle registration | SLS |
| Website | www.dillingen-saar.de |
Dillingen (German pronunciation:[ˈdɪlɪŋən]; officiallyDillingen/Saar;French:Dillange) is a town in thedistrict of Saarlouis, inSaarland. It has about 20,000 inhabitants and is divided into the three districts Dillingen-city center,Pachten andDiefflen. The city is located on the edge of the Saar-Hunsrück Nature Park at the mouth of thePrims in theSaar and is located about 10 km from theFrench border. Dillingen is located about 60 km fromLuxembourg City andTrier, 50 km fromMetz and 30 km fromSaarbrücken and is directly adjacent to the urban area ofSaarlouis. In terms of population, it is the second largest municipality in the district of Saarlouis. TheDillinger Hütte steelworks is located here.
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Dillingen lies to the right of theSaar in the northern part of the Basin of Saarlouis and thus in theSaar-Nahe Basin. The Basin of Saarlouis is bounded on the northwest, north and northeast by the heights of theBuntsandstein. They belong to the eastern edge of theParis Basin and lead into the basin of thePrims. The Prims coming from theSchwarzwälder Hochwald and emanates above the district ofPachten in the Saar. A few kilometers north of the territorial entity of Pachten the Saar unites with theNied coming fromLorraine. Thealluvial deposits in the basin allow good agricultural use.[3]
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The rock strata of the coal-saddle of Saarbrücken (Carboniferous) dive to the northwest and it comes to a superposition of younger rocks of theRotliegend and theTriassic. Dillingen lies on a plaice of the middle Buntsandstein. The rectangular plaice is stretched towards southeast-northwest and bounded to the south by the Carboniferous line of the municipalities of Ensdorf, Hülzweiler and Schwarzenholz. In the southwest and northwest of this plaice of Buntsandstein lie the ridges of the upper Buntsandstein (Röt Formation) and theMuschelkalk between Berus, Siersburg and the valley of Haustadt. The rocks of the lower Rotliegend and the carbon form the northeastern border area.[4]
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The extended valley of the area Dillingen and Saarlouis lies in the area of the middleBuntsandstein, in which the valleys of the Saar and the Prims dug. The left flank of the Saar at Dillingen, the Limberg, is formed by a steep ofGrès à Voltzia, while a right flank of the valley is missing. On this bas-relief with overlaying younger gravel blankets, the development area of Dillingen and Pachten spreads.[5]
In the middle Buntsandstein mainly crumbly, easily erodible sandstone formations are developed. Above is the upper Buntsandstein (Röt Formation), which is made up of firmer sandstones bound to parts ofclay orcarbonate. These were won in earlier times in numerous quarries as building material. Above areMuschelkalk-Layers: The lowest shell limestone layer form sandy-clayey-limestone rocks. The middle limestone layer containsmarl withgypsum andanhydrite. The upper shell limestone layer is composed of massive limestones and platy limestones with layers of marl-layers.
Above these solid subsoil rocks,sediment-terraces of the rivers Saar and Prims are deposited. The different altitudes of these terraces bear testimony to different stages of the depression of the two rivers and the deposit of entrainedcrushed stones. The youngest deposits form the meadow-clay of the two river valleys.[6]
In the territory of Dillingen is the confluence of the two river valleys of Saar and Prims. The Prims finish their 91 kilometer run here. The terrain height at the mouth is 177 m above sea level. East of the Saar occurs on both banks of Prims the middle Buntsandstein. It is widely worn and forms a flat wavy stepped landscape. The areas are covered by broad terraced fields of gravel and clay.[7]
Almost all rocks occurring in the Dillingen area can be used economically. The friable rocks of the middle Buntsandstein were mined as sand in pits or slope edges. The firmer sandstones of the upper Buntsandstein (Röt Formation) provided breakage and quarry stones.Gravel was extracted from the terraces.Loam was used as brick material.[8]
Theclimate in Dillingen is moderately oceanic, but warm (Köppen:Cfb;Trewartha:Dobk). There is significant rainfall throughout the year. Even the driest month still shows high rainfall. The average annual temperature is 9.3 °C (48.7 °F).
The Kiel weather station has recorded the following extreme values:[9]
| Climate data for Dillingen, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1947–present[a] | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.5 (61.7) | 19.8 (67.6) | 23.9 (75.0) | 30.5 (86.9) | 32.0 (89.6) | 36.0 (96.8) | 37.0 (98.6) | 37.5 (99.5) | 32.0 (89.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 20.5 (68.9) | 16.0 (60.8) | 37.5 (99.5) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 10.6 (51.1) | 13.1 (55.6) | 18.7 (65.7) | 24.2 (75.6) | 28.2 (82.8) | 31.4 (88.5) | 33.0 (91.4) | 32.4 (90.3) | 27.3 (81.1) | 22.1 (71.8) | 15.2 (59.4) | 11.4 (52.5) | 34.1 (93.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) | 4.9 (40.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 15.3 (59.5) | 19.6 (67.3) | 23.1 (73.6) | 25.1 (77.2) | 24.9 (76.8) | 19.6 (67.3) | 13.6 (56.5) | 7.0 (44.6) | 3.5 (38.3) | 14.1 (57.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) | 1.0 (33.8) | 4.9 (40.8) | 9.4 (48.9) | 13.8 (56.8) | 17.4 (63.3) | 18.9 (66.0) | 18.4 (65.1) | 13.7 (56.7) | 9.1 (48.4) | 4.2 (39.6) | 1.0 (33.8) | 9.3 (48.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.6 (27.3) | −2.6 (27.3) | 0.4 (32.7) | 3.6 (38.5) | 8.0 (46.4) | 11.4 (52.5) | 13.0 (55.4) | 12.7 (54.9) | 8.8 (47.8) | 5.3 (41.5) | 1.5 (34.7) | −1.5 (29.3) | 4.8 (40.6) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −11.2 (11.8) | −10.5 (13.1) | −6.0 (21.2) | −2.6 (27.3) | 1.9 (35.4) | 5.8 (42.4) | 8.1 (46.6) | 7.2 (45.0) | 3.0 (37.4) | −1.0 (30.2) | −4.9 (23.2) | −10.1 (13.8) | −14.5 (5.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.2 (−17.0) | −27.0 (−16.6) | −21.8 (−7.2) | −6.3 (20.7) | −3.3 (26.1) | 0.0 (32.0) | 4.2 (39.6) | 2.6 (36.7) | −2.4 (27.7) | −7.5 (18.5) | −15.6 (3.9) | −22.0 (−7.6) | −27.2 (−17.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 49.3 (1.94) | 37.8 (1.49) | 49.2 (1.94) | 46.2 (1.82) | 80.7 (3.18) | 82.5 (3.25) | 89.7 (3.53) | 83.0 (3.27) | 58.2 (2.29) | 55.3 (2.18) | 54.0 (2.13) | 56.2 (2.21) | 741.9 (29.21) |
| Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 6.0 (2.4) | 6.0 (2.4) | 3.7 (1.5) | 0.1 (0.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.1 (0.0) | 1.6 (0.6) | 5.4 (2.1) | 11.2 (4.4) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 15.5 | 14.0 | 14.6 | 12.7 | 14.5 | 15.0 | 14.8 | 13.8 | 12.9 | 15.2 | 15.5 | 16.7 | 175.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 84.9 | 81.7 | 76.3 | 69.9 | 70.7 | 71.1 | 71.7 | 74.4 | 80.4 | 85.6 | 88.3 | 87.3 | 78.6 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 51.4 | 87.1 | 152.4 | 202.2 | 214.7 | 232.3 | 256.5 | 232.4 | 162.9 | 99.8 | 50.9 | 44.6 | 1,787.3 |
| Source: DWD Open Data[10][9] | |||||||||||||
The city of Dillingen has six neighboring municipalities. Clockwise are these Beckingen, Nalbach with the districts Bierbach and Nalbach, Saarwellingen, Saarlouis (with the district of Roden), Wallerfangen and Rehlingen-Siersburg.
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The importance of the Dillingen-Wallerfangen area on both banks of the middle Saar in the prehistoric and early historic eras is attested by a number of finds: rich bronze caskets of the lateUrnfield period (9th century BC), a multi-tiered partial defensive wall (de:Abschnittsbefestigung) of theHallstatt culture (8th-6th century BC) on the nearly 389 metres (1,276 ft)-high, peninsula-like massif of theLimberg overlooking the Saar,[11] and a cemetery with a "princely" grave containing a goldentorc and arm rings from late Hallstatt period (around 500 BC).
TheGallo-Roman settlement ofContiomagus stood at the intersection of the highways fromMetz-Mainz andTrier-Straßburg in today's district of Pachten. Around 275/276, during theMigration Period, Contiomagus was destroyed and rebuilt. The oldest written mention of "Dillingen" and "Pachten" can be found in a document ofAlbero von Montreuil,Bishop of Trier (1131–1152). 1324 sees the first written mention of "Diefflen", and 1357 the first mention of the Old Castle in Dillingen (Altes Schloss).
The area was devastated by theThirty Years War between 1618 and 1648, and again in 1672-1678/79 in theFranco-Dutch War. In 1685, the feudal ruler of Dillingen received permission from KingLouis XIV of France to build anironworks, theDillinger Hütte.
TheFrench Revolution ended the rule of the local nobility. In 1815, the region was annexed to theKingdom of Prussia in theSecond Treaty of Paris. With the fall of theHohenzollern dynasty in 1918 Dillingen became part of theFree State of Prussia. Between 1920 and theSaar Referendum of 1935, by the provisions of theTreaty of Versailles, Dillingen was part of theTerritory of the Saar Basin administered by theLeague of Nations. After the referendum of 1935 Dillingen returned to the German Reich, but without again becoming part of Prussia. In 1936 Pachten was incorporated. During theSecond World War, especially during the fierce fighting in the winter of 1944/1945, war between the GermanWehrmacht and theUnited States Army caused heavy destruction, commemorated by theWestwall Bunker Museum. In 1947 Dillingen became part of theSaarland, which, in 1957, joined theFederal Republic of Germany politically and on 5 July 1959 also economically. In 1949, Dillingen was granted city rights by the Saar state government under Prime MinisterJohannes Hoffmann. In 1969 Diefflen was incorporated in 1969.
In the year 1990 Dillingen-Pachten celebrated two thousand years of settlement in Contiomagus.
Dillingen is the place of origin for thetoponymic surname "Dillinger".
The City Council with 39 seats after local elections on 25 May 2014[12]
| Party | Votes | in % | city council seat |
|---|---|---|---|
| CDU | 3.131 | 43,7 % | 18 |
| SPD | 2.344 | 32,7 % | 13 |
| Linke | 751 | 10,5 % | 4 |
| Grüne | 283 | 4,0 % | 1 |
| FDP | 211 | 2,9 % | 1 |
| Ökologische Bürgerliste Dillingen | 440 | 6,1 % | 2 |
| Total | 39 | ||
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Blazon: In blue a growing silver, pinned and black grooved wall, surmounted by a silver, gold-crowned and -supported and red-tongued seated Lorraine eagle, in the wall a tall, red-lined golden gate, covered with a red zigzag bar, surmounted by a three-rowed, blue tournament collar. The coat of arms is based in its design on the coat of arms of the noblemen of Siersberg, barons of Dillingen (red zigzag beam and blue tournament collar on gold background) and the official coat of arms of the former Prévôté (Bailiwick) Siersberg (silver tower with eagle on a blue background). The coat of arms of the noblemen is reinterpreted in the coat of arms of Dillingen to the gate in a city wall.
Dillingen (Saar) station is on theSaar Railway, which connectsSaarbrücken Central Station andTrier Central Station.
Iron ore comes to the steelworks by Germany's heaviest trains6000T trains.
Dilingen'sOld Castle is a medieval building. Around 1699 it was developed into a Renaissance castle. In 1789 the architect Balthsar Wilhelm Stengel created a grand residential space.
The castle has a yearly arts and crafts market.
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Towns and municipalities inSaarlouis (district) | ||
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