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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.214.784 |
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| Formula | C25H35NO4 |
| Molar mass | 413.558 g·mol−1 |
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Dihydroetorphine was developed by K. W. Bentley at McFarlan-Smith in the 1960s[1] and is a potentopioidanalgesic[2] used mainly in China. It is aderivative of the better-known opioidetorphine, a very potent veterinary painkiller andanesthetic medication used primarily for the sedation of large animals such as elephants, giraffes, and rhinos.
Dihydroetorphine is a semi-syntheticopioid used mainly as a strongpainkiller for humans.[3] It is several thousand times stronger thanmorphine (between 1000× and 12000× more potent depending what method is used for comparison),[1] although it is poorly absorbed when taken orally.Sublingual forms of dihydroetorphine are used in China at doses ranging from 20 to 40 μg repeated every 3–4 hours, and are reported to cause strong analgesia and relatively mild side effects compared to other opioids, although all the usual opioid side effects such asdizziness,sedation,nausea,constipation, andrespiratory depression can occur.Transdermal patches of dihydroetorphine have also been developed.[4]
Dihydroetorphine is considered to be somewhat lessaddictive than many other opioids, and it is also sometimes used in China as a substitute maintenance drug for opioid addicts,[5] in a similar fashion to how the related drugbuprenorphine is used in western nations.[6][7] It is presumably controlled as an "ester, ether, [or] salt" ofetorphine in the United States under the Controlled Substances Act 1970, and/or its pieces of the morphine carbon skeleton put it under the "morphine rule" thereof and/or the 1986 analogues act; it does not have its ownACSCN.[8] Regulation elsewhere may vary but would likely be similar to that for other strong opioid agonists.
Dihydroetorphine is illegal in Italy, as are its parent compoundsetorphine andacetorphine.[9]
