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Digaro Mishmi language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Digarish language spoken in India and China
Digaro Mishmi
Tawra, Taraon
tɑ31 rɑŋ53,da31 raŋ53,tɯŋ53
Pronunciation[tɑ˧˩rɑŋ˥˧],[da˧˩raŋ˥˧],[tɯŋ˥˧]
Native toIndia,China
RegionArunachal
EthnicityMishmi people
Native speakers
(35,000 cited 2001 census)[1]
Digarish (Mishmic)?
  • Digaro Mishmi
Language codes
ISO 639-3mhu
Glottologdiga1241
ELPDigaro-Mishmi
Taraon is classified as Vulnerable by theUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in Danger.

Digaro, alsoTaraon,Tawra, orDarang, is aDigarish language of northeasternArunachal Pradesh, India andZayü County, Tibet, China.

Names

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According to Jiang, et al. (2013:2), their autonym istɑ31rɑŋ53 orda31raŋ53, and alternativelytɯŋ53 (Deng 登, 僜) in China. The Kaman (Miju) call themtɕi31moŋ35, theIdu call themtɑ31rɑŋ35, and theAssamese call themDigaro Mishmi.

Distribution

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India

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InArunachal Pradesh, India, Digaro Mishmi is spoken inHayuliang,Changlagam, andGoiliang circles in theAmjaw district (Ethnologue). It is also spoken inDibang Valley district andAssam.

China

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Jiang, et al. (2013:2) reports that inZayü County, Tibet, Taraon is spoken in the following villages.

  • E River watershed 额河流域
    • Jiyu village 吉玉村 (alternatively named Juyu 巨玉)
    • Ciba village 次巴村
    • Rusu village 如苏村
    • Demen village 德门村
    • Zigeng village 自更村
    • Xiani village 下尼村
    • Ba'antong 巴安通
    • Xin village 新村
  • Sang'ang River watershed 桑昂河流域
    • Gayao village 嘎尧村
  • Chayu River watershed 察隅河流域
    • Dongchong 洞冲, Lower Chayu town 下察隅镇

Phonology

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Consonants

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Consonant phonemes
LabialAlveolar(Alveolo-)
palatal
VelarGlottal
Nasalmnŋ
Plosivevoicelessptkʔ
aspirated
voicedbdɡ
Affricatevoicelessts
aspiratedtsʰtɕʰ
voiceddz
Fricativesɕh
Approximantwɹj
Laterall

Vowels

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Monophthong phonemes
FrontCentralBack
Closeiɨu
Mideo
Opena
  • /ɨ/ may also be heard as [ɯ].
  • /a/ may also be heard as [ʌ] before /k/.

References

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  1. ^Digaro Mishmi atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  • Evans, Jonathan P.; Manyu, Johakso (2021). "The sounds of Tawrã (Digaru-Mishmi), a Tibeto-Burman language". Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 44 (1): 1–26.
  • Jiang Huo [江获], Li Daqin [李大勤], Sun Hongkai [孙宏开]. 2013.A study of Taraon [达让语研究]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House [民族出版社].ISBN 9787105129324

Further reading

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  • Blench, Roger. 2017.A dictionary of Tawrã, a language of Arunachal Pradesh.
  • Evans, Jonathan P.; Manyu, Johakso (2021). "The sounds of Tawrã (Digaru-Mishmi), a Tibeto-Burman language".Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area.44 (1):1–26.doi:10.1075/ltba.20013.eva.ISSN 0731-3500.
  • Chakravarty, L. N. (1963).A Dictionary of the Taraon Language. NEFA.
  • Pulu, Jatan (1991).A Phrase Book on Taraon Language. Arunachal Pradesh government.
  • Sastry, Garimella and Devi Prasada (1984).Mishmi Grammar. CIIL.
  • Sastry, Garimella and Devi Prasada (1991).Mishmi-English-Hindi Dictionary. CIIL.
  • Zong, Xiaozhe 宗晓哲 (2019).Xizang Chayu Darang yu 西藏察隅达让语. Beijing:The Commercial Press.OCLC 1156796336.
Sino-Tibetan branches
WesternHimalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim)
Greater Magaric
Map of Sino-Tibetan languages
EasternHimalayas
(Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal)
Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border
Naga
Sal
East andSoutheast Asia
Burmo-Qiangic
Dubious (possible
isolates,Arunachal)
Greater Siangic
Proposed groupings
Proto-languages
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
Greater Siangic
Northern Mishmi
Siangic
Hrusish
Mijiic
Kho-Bwa
Puroik
Bugun
Western
Southern Mishmi
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