Dhu al-Himma Shalish ذو الهمة شاليش | |
|---|---|
| Head of Presidential Security | |
| President | Bashar al-Assad |
| Prime Minister | Riyad Farid Hijab Wael Nader al-Halqi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1951 (1951) |
| Died | May 14, 2022 (aged 71) |
| Political party | Ba'ath Party |
| Relations | Riyad Shalish (brother) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Ba'athist Syria |
| Rank |  Major General[1] |
Dhu al-Himma Shalish (Arabic:ذو الهمة شاليش; 1951 – May 14, 2022) was the first cousin of former Syrian PresidentBashar al-Assad and head of presidential security. He was part of Bashar al-Assad's inner circle.[2][3][4]
Dhu al-Himma Shalish was born in 1951,[5] in the town ofQardaha inLatakia to anAlawi family. His mother was the sister of Syria's former presidentHafez al-Assad.[6] The Shalishs through Dhu al-Himma maintain a significant level of influence in the Syrian government and economy and are comparatively as influential as theMakhloufs, the family of Hafez al-Assad’s wife.[citation needed]
Shalish was the brother of Riyad Shalish, who is the director of the government construction firm the Military Housing Establishment, which during the 1990s he managed to transform into his own company. He subsequently made a fortune on construction and contracting deals in Syria involving large-scale projects financed by other Arab states.[6][7] The Shalishs were also reported to have engaged in a number of illicit activities including smuggling and money laundering.[8]
In June 2005, Dhu al-Himma and his nephew, Asef Isa Shalish, and their company, SES International Corporation, were sanctioned by the United States government for procuring defense-related goods forSaddam Hussein in violation of formersanctions against Iraq.[1][9][10] According to the United States Treasury Department, SES helped the former Iraqi government access weapons systems by issuing false end-user certificates to foreign suppliers that listed Syria as the final country of destination.
SES International then transshipped the goods to[8] Dhu al-Himma Shalish andAssef Shawkat, Bashar al-Assad’s brother in law, prior to the Iraqi war alsopossibly helped the Iraqi government transport its weapons of mass destruction out of the country and into Syria for storage. The Syrian defector Nizar Nayuf reported thatIraq’s weapons of mass destruction were moved with the help of the Russians and Syrians to tunnels inside Syria.[11][12]
Dhu al-Himma Shalish played an important role in containing the unrest during theSyrian civil war. On 24 June 2011, the European Union sanctioned him along with a number of other Syrian government officials for their role in the violent repression of protesters during the early stages of the civil war.[6] His influence within the president's inner circle was believed to have increased since the beginning of the uprising. It was reported that he was a key financier and organiser of the pro-Assad militia groups known as theshabiha.
Before the Syrian civil war, Shalish and his immediate family were poorly regarded by the Assads but they were reportedly elevated into the inner circle because they were willing to do the dirty work and because there were only so many family members.[13]