Democratic Union Coalition Ардчилсан Холбоо Эвсэл | |
|---|---|
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| Abbreviation | DU or DUC (English) "АХ" эвсэл (Mongolian) |
| Chairperson | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj |
| Founded | 26 February 1996 |
| Dissolved | July 2000 |
| Succeeded by | Democratic Party (de facto) |
| Ideology | Big tent Reformism Mongoliannationalism Factions: Conservatism Liberalism Social democracy |
| Political position | Big tent |
| Coalition parties |
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| Colors | Blue |
| State Great Khural (1996–2000) | 50 / 76 |
| Party flag | |
 | |
TheDemocratic Union Coalition (Mongolian:Ардчилсан Холбоо Эвсэл,romanized: Ardchilsan Kholboo Evsel) was a coalition ofpolitical parties inMongolia. Its primary constituents were theMongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP) and theMongolian Social Democratic Party (MSDP).[1]
Its core policies were the implementation ofpolitical andeconomic reforms in thepost-communist period. Its chairman wasTsakhiagiin Elbegdorj from 1996 to 2000.[2] The DUC won a landslide victory in the1996 election, forming the first fully non-MPRP cabinet with 50 seats in theState Great Khural.
After four years ofpolitical instability andeconomic stagnation, the DUC faced a significant defeat in the2000 election, winning only a single parliamentary seat. It soon became the foundation of the currentDemocratic Party of Mongolia.[3]
Prior to the June elections, a political coalition called the "Democratic Union" was formed between the MNDP, the MSDP, theMongolian Green Party (MGP), and the Mongolian Democratic Renaissance Party (MDRP) on 26 February 1996.[4]Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj was elected as the chairman of the Democratic Union and later the next chairman of the MNDP in April.[1]
| Party name | Abbr. | Leader | Position | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mongolian National Democratic Party Монгол Үндэсний Ардчилсан Нам Mongol Ündesnii Ardchilsan Nam | MNDP МҮАН | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj | Centre-right | Reformism | |
| Mongolian Social Democratic Party Монголын Социал Демократ Нам Mongolyn Sotsial Demokrat Nam | MSDP МСДН | Radnaasümbereliin Gonchigdorj | Centre-left | Social democracy | |
| Mongolian Green Party Монголын Ногоон Нам Mongolyn Nogoon Nam | MGP МНН | Davaagiin Basandorj | Centre-left | Green politics | |
| Mongolian Democratic Renaissance Party Монголын Ардчилсан Сэргэн Мандлын Нам Mongolyn Ardchilsan Sergen Mandlyn Nam | MDRP МАСМН | Dashiin Byambasüren | Centre-left | Reformism | |
In the1996 parliamentary elections, the Democratic Union won in alandslide victory, winning 50 out of 76 seats in theState Great Khural and defeating the ex-communistMongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP).[5] For the first time since the1921 revolution, the MPRP had not been in power and for the first time since the1990 revolution, a major electoral victory for the pro-democracy opposition was achieved. Out of the 50 seats, 34 belonged to the MNDP, 13 to the MSDP and the 3 belonged to non-party candidates allied with the coalition.[6][7]
Formermember of parliament and manager of the elections campaign of the Democratic Union,Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan became 18thPrime Minister of Mongolia on 18 July 1996. Enkhsaikhan was forced to resign in April 1998, due to internal party infighting about coalition chairman Elbegdorj becoming the next PM.
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, chairman of the MNDP and the Democratic Union, was elected (61-6) by the State Great Khural to become the 19thPrime Minister. However, he would resign after losing avote of no confidence, due to a decision that sold a state-owned bank to a private bank. He stayed ascaretaker prime minister until the next prime minister was nominated, approved byPresidentNatsagiin Bagabandi and elected by theState Great Khural. The minority MPRP, allied with theMongolian Traditional United Party's single MP, had enough seats in parliament to protest and block the two-thirds quorom need to elect the next prime minister
During the ensuinggovernment crisis, leading figure of the 1990 revolution and MNDP MPSanjaasürengiin Zorig was assassinated in his home on 2 October 1998. Thousands of mourners crowdedSükhbaatar Square inUlaanbaatar and to this day, the case remains still unsolved.Janlavyn Narantsatsralt was nominated and approved by president Bagabandi in December and became the 20th Prime Minister. He served until July 1999 when he resigned due to backlash from a controversial letter to theRussian federation.Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal succeeded him and served as the 21st Prime Minister until the2000 election were held in July.[4][8]
The Democratic Union had effectively split up by the time of the2000 parliamentary elections, with only the MNDP and the Mongolian Religious Democratic Party (MRDP) remaining in the coalition. The MPRP won an overwhelmingsupermajority of 72 seats in the State Great Khural,nearly wiping out the entire opposition parties from parliament. The coalition lost its previous 49 seats and won a single seat out of 76. The coalition was dissolved subsequently after the election defeat.[9] The MNDP, the MSDP, the MDRP, the MRDP would later merge together into the modern-dayDemocratic Party on 6 December 2000.[3]
| Election | Party candidate | Votes | % | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat | 292,896 | 30.65% | Lost N |
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj | 475,267 | 47.05% | 50 / 76 |  50 | 1st | Governing coalition |
| 2000 | Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal | 133,890 | 13.35% | 1 / 76 |  49 | 2nd | Opposition |
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