Thedemi-cannon was a medium-sizedcannon, similar to but slightly larger than aculverin and smaller than a regular 42 pounds (19 kg) cannon, developed in the early 17th century.[2] A full cannon fired a 42-pound shot, but these were discontinued in the 18th century as they were seen as too unwieldy. The lower tiers of 18th century Englishwarships were usually equipped with demi-cannons.
Ships featuring demi-cannons includedSovereign of the Seas,[1]Resolution[3] andJames, which fought in theAnglo-Dutch naval wars. Demi-cannons were also used onHMSStirling Castle, the wreck of which was discovered in theGoodwin Sands. Several examples of this weapon were recovered from the site.[4]
The barrels of demi-cannon were typically 11 feet (3.4 m) long, had acalibre of 6 inches (150 mm) and could weigh up to 5,600 pounds (2,500 kg). It required 18 pounds (8.2 kg) ofblack powder to fire a 32 pounds (15 kg)round shot. The demi-cannon had an effective range of 1,600 feet (490 m).[2]
These 32-pounders were used during the 18th century onfirst-rateships of the line which carried up to 100 guns. Though powerful, the naval demi-cannons were inaccurate, except at close range, which allowed warships to cause as much damage as possible. Sometimes a singlebroadside was enough to cripple the enemy vessel.[5]
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