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1601 –Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha (died 1675)
1628 –Noël Coypel, French painter and educator (died 1707)^[61]
1642 –Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician (died 1727)^[62]
1652 –Archibald Pitcairne, Scottish physician, anatomist, and scholar (died 1713)
1665 –Lady Grizel Baillie, Scottish-English poet and songwriter (died 1746)
1674 –Thomas Halyburton, Scottish minister and theologian (died 1712)
1686 –Giovanni Battista Somis, Italian violinist and composer (died 1763)^[63]
1700 –Leopold II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (died 1758)
1711 –Jean-Joseph de Mondonville, French violinist and composer (died 1772)^[64]
1716 –Johann Jakob Reiske, German physician and scholar (died 1774)
1717 –Pope Pius VI (died 1799)^[65]
1728 –Johann Adam Hiller, German composer and conductor (died 1804)^[66]
1730 –Filippo Mazzei, Italian-American physician and philosopher (died 1816)^[67]
1745 –Chevalier de Saint-Georges, Caribbean-French violinist, composer, and conductor (died 1799)^[68]
1757 –Benjamin Pierce, American general and politician, 17thGovernor of New Hampshire (died 1839)^[69]
1766 –Christmas Evans, Welsh Nonconformist preacher (died 1838)
1771 –Dorothy Wordsworth, English diarist and poet (died 1855)
1776 –Sydney, Lady Morgan, Irish author and poet (died 1859)
1810 –L. L. Langstroth, American apiarist, clergyman and teacher (died 1895)^[70]
1821 –Clara Barton, American nurse and humanitarian, founder of theAmerican Red Cross (died 1912)^[71]
1825 –Stephen F. Chadwick, American lawyer and politician, 5thGovernor of Oregon (died 1895)
1829 –Patrick Gilmore, Irish-American composer and bandleader (died 1892)^[72]
1856 –Pud Galvin, American baseball player and manager (died 1902)
1861 –Francis Henry Buzzacott, American hunter, explorer and army scout famous for writingBuzzacott's Masterpiece (died 1947)^[73]
1861 –Madan Mohan Malaviya, Indian educator, lawyer, and politician,President of the Indian National Congress (died 1946)
1865 –Evangeline Booth, English 4thGeneral of The Salvation Army (died 1950)
1869 –Charles Finger, English-American journalist and author (died 1941)
1872 –Helena Rubinstein, Polish-American businesswoman and philanthropist (died 1965)
1873 –Otto Frederick Hunziker, Swiss-American agriculturalist and educator (died 1959)
1874 –Lina Cavalieri, Italian soprano and actress (died 1944)^[74]
1875 –Francis Aveling, Canadian psychologist and priest (died 1941)
1875 –Theodor Innitzer, Austrian cardinal (died 1955)
1876 –Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Indian-Pakistani lawyer and politician, 1stGovernor-General of Pakistan (died 1948)
1876 –Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus, German chemist and academic,Nobel Prize laureate (died 1959)
1878 –Louis Chevrolet, American race car driver and businessman, co-foundedChevrolet (died 1941)
1878 –Noël, Countess of Rothes, British philanthropist, social leader and heroine of Titanic disaster (died 1956)
1878 –Joseph M. Schenck, Russian-American film producer (died 1961)^[75]
1883 –Hugo Bergmann, Czech-Israeli philosopher and academic (died 1975)
1883 –Hana Meisel, Belarusian-Israeli agronomist and politician (died 1972)
1884 –Samuel Berger, American boxer (died 1925)
1884 –Evelyn Nesbit, American model and actress (died 1967)^[76]
1886 –Malak Hifni Nasif, Egyptian poet and activist (died 1918)
1886 –Kid Ory, American trombonist and bandleader (died 1973)
1887 –Conrad Hilton, American entrepreneur (died 1979)^[77]
1889 –Lila Bell Wallace, American publisher and philanthropist, co-foundedReader's Digest (died 1984)^[78]
1890 –Noel Odell, English geologist and mountaineer (died 1987)
1891 –Kenneth Anderson, Indian-English general and politician,Governor of Gibraltar (died 1959)
1891 –Clarrie Grimmett, New Zealand-Australian cricketer (died 1980)
1899 –Humphrey Bogart, American actor (died 1957)

1901–present

[edit]

1901 –Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (died 2004)^[79]
1902 –William Bell, American tuba player and educator (died 1971)
1902 –Barton MacLane, American actor, playwright, and screenwriter (died 1969)
1903 –Antiochos Evangelatos, Greek composer and conductor (died 1981)
1904 –Gerhard Herzberg, German-Canadian physicist and chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (died 1999)
1904 –Philip Vera Cruz, Filipino-American labor leader and farmworker (died 1994)^[80]
1906 –Lew Grade, Baron Grade, Ukrainian-English film producer (died 1998)
1906 –Ernst Ruska, German physicist and academic,Nobel Prize laureate (died 1988)
1907 –Cab Calloway, American singer-songwriter and bandleader (died 1994)
1907 –Mike Mazurki, Ukrainian-American wrestler and actor (died 1990)
1907 –Glenn McCarthy, American businessman, founded theShamrock Hotel (died 1988)
1908 –Quentin Crisp, English author and illustrator (died 1999)
1908 –Ernest L. Massad, American general (died 1993)
1908 –Jo-Jo Moore, American baseball player (died 2001)
1909 –Zora Arkus-Duntov, Belgian-American engineer (died 1996)
1911 –Louise Bourgeois, French-American sculptor and painter (died 2010)
1913 –Candy Candido, American singer, bass player, and voice actor (died 1999)
1913 –Tony Martin, American singer (died 2012)
1914 –James Fletcher Jnr, New Zealand businessman (died 2007)
1914 –Oscar Lewis, American anthropologist of Latin America (died 1970)
1915 –Pete Rugolo, Italian-American composer and producer (died 2011)
1916 –Ahmed Ben Bella, Algerian soldier and politician, 1stPresident of Algeria (died 2012)
1917 –Arseny Mironov, Russian scientist, engineer, pilot, oldest active researcher inaircraft aerodynamics andflight testing (died 2019)
1917 –Lincoln Verduga Loor, Ecuadorian journalist and politician (died 2009)
1918 –Anwar Sadat, Egyptian lieutenant and politician, 3rdPresident of Egypt,Nobel Prize laureate (died 1981)^[81]
1919 –Naushad Ali, Indian composer and director (died 2006)
1919 –Paul David, Canadian cardiologist and politician, founded theMontreal Heart Institute (died 1999)
1919 –Noele Gordon, English actress (died 1985)^[82]
1921 –Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah, Indian-Pakistani journalist and author (died 2000)
1921 –Steve Otto, Polish-Canadian lawyer and politician (died 1989)
1922 –William Demby, American author (died 2013)
1923 –René Girard, French-American historian, philosopher, and critic (died 2015)
1923 –Louis Lane, American conductor and educator (died 2016)
1924 –Rod Serling, American screenwriter and producer, createdThe Twilight Zone (died 1975)
1924 –Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Indian poet and politician, 10thPrime Minister of India (died 2018)
1925 –Carlos Castaneda, Peruvian-American anthropologist and author (died 1998)
1925 –Ned Garver, American baseball player (died 2017)
1925 –Sam Pollock, Canadian businessman (died 2007)
1926 –Enrique Jorrín, Cuban violinist and composer (died 1987)
1927 –Nellie Fox, American baseball player and coach (died 1975)
1927 –Ram Narayan, Indiansarangi player (died 2024)
1928 –Irish McCalla, American actress and model (died 2002)
1928 –Dick Miller, American actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2019)
1929 –Christine M. Jones, American educator and politician (died 2013)
1929 –China Machado, Chinese-born Portuguese-American fashion model, editor and television producer (died 2016)
1929 –Chris Kenner, American singer and songwriter (died 1976)^[83]
1930 –Emmanuel Agassi, Iranian-American boxer and coach (died 2021)
1930 –Armenak Alachachian, Armenian basketball player and coach (died 2017)
1930 –Mary Rose Tuitt, Montserrat politician (died 2005)^[84]
1932 –Mabel King, American actress and singer (died 1999)
1933 –Basil Heatley, English runner (died 2019)
1935 –Sadiq al-Mahdi, Sudanese politician,Prime Minister of Sudan (died 2020)
1935 –Stephen Barnett, American scholar and academic (died 2009)
1935 –Jeanne Hopkins Lucas, American educator and politician (died 2007)
1936 –Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy
1936 –Ismail Merchant, Indian-English director and producer (died 2005)
1937 –Maung Aye, Burmese military officer^[85]
1937 –O'Kelly Isley Jr., American R&B/soul singer-songwriter (died 1986)
1938 –Duane Armstrong, American painter
1938 –Noel Picard, Canadian ice hockey player (died 2017)
1939 –Ghulam Ahmad Bilour, Pakistani businessman and politician
1939 –Bob James, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
1939 –Akong Rinpoche, Tibetan-Chinese spiritual leader (died 2013)
1940 –Hilary Spurling, English journalist and author
1941 –Kenneth Calman, Scottish physician and academic
1942 –Françoise Dürr, French tennis player and coach^[86]
1942 –Barbara Follett, English politician
1942 –Barry Goldberg, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (died 2025)
1942 –Enrique Morente, Spanish singer-songwriter (died 2010)
1943 –Wilson Fittipaldi Júnior, Brazilian race car driver and businessman (died 2024)
1943 –Ravish Malhotra, Indian pilot and military officer^[87]
1943 –Eve Pollard, English journalist and author
1943 –Hanna Schygulla, German actress^[88]
1943 –Jacqui McShee, English singer^[89]
1944 –Kenny Everett, British comedian and broadcaster (died 1995)
1944 –Jairzinho, Brazilian footballer
1944 –Sam Strahan, New Zealand rugby player (died 2019)
1945 –Rick Berman, American screenwriter and producer
1945 –Mike Pringle, Zambian-Scottish lawyer and politician
1945 –Noel Redding, English singer-songwriter and bass player (died 2003)
1945 –Ken Stabler, American football player and sportscaster (died 2015)
1946 –Jimmy Buffett, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (died 2023)^[88]
1948 –Merry Clayton, American singer and actress
1948 –Kay Hymowitz, American sociologist and writer
1948 –Barbara Mandrell, American singer-songwriter and actress^[88]
1948 –Joel Santana, Brazilian footballer and manager
1949 –Simone Bittencourt de Oliveira, Brazilian singer
1949 –Nawaz Sharif, Pakistani politician, 12thPrime Minister of Pakistan
1949 –Sissy Spacek, American actress^[90]
1950 –Peter Boardman, English mountaineer and author (died 1982)
1950 –Karl Rove, American political strategist and activist^[88]
1950 –Manny Trillo, Venezuelan baseball player and manager
1951 –Warren Robinett, American video game designer^[91]
1952 –Tolossa Kotu, Ethiopian runner and coach
1952 –CCH Pounder, Guyanese-American actress^[90]
1952 –Desireless, French singer and songwriter^[92]
1953 –Kaarlo Maaninka, Finnish runner
1954 –Annie Lennox, Scottish singer-songwriter and pianist^[88]
1957 –Mansoor Akhtar, Pakistani cricketer
1957 –Chris Kamara, English footballer and sportscaster
1957 –Shane MacGowan, English-Irish singer-songwriter (died 2023)^[90]
1958 –Cheryl Chase, American voice actress and singer
1958 –Rickey Henderson, American baseball player and coach (died 2024)^[88]
1958 –Konstantin Kinchev, Russian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1958 –Alannah Myles, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress
1959 –Michael P. Anderson, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (died 2003)
1959 –Ramdas Athawale, Indian poet and politician
1961 –Íngrid Betancourt, Colombian political scientist and politician
1962 –Francis Dunnery, English musician
1964 –Ian Bostridge, English tenor
1964 –Gary McAllister, Scottish footballer and manager
1964 –Bob Stanley, British musician and writer^[93]
1965 –Ed Davey, English politician,Leader of the Liberal Democrats
1965 –Dmitri Mironov, Russian ice hockey player^[94]
1965 –David Rath, Czech physician and politician
1966 –Toshi Arai, Japanese race car driver
1967 –Andreas Haitzer, Austrian politician^[95]
1967 –Jason Thirsk, American bass player (died 1996)
1968 –Helena Christensen, Danish model and actress^[81]
1968 –Jim Dowd, American ice hockey player
1969 –Nicolas Godin, French musician
1969 –Noel Goldthorpe, Australian rugby league player
1969 –Frederick Onyancha, Kenyan runner
1970 –Emmanuel Amunike, Nigerian footballer and manager
1970 –Rodney Dent, American basketball player
1971 –Dido, English singer-songwriter^[90]
1971 –Noel Hogan, Irish musician and songwriter^[90]
1971 –Justin Trudeau, Canadian educator and politician, 23rdPrime Minister of Canada^[88]
1972 –Mac Powell, American singer-songwriter and producer^[90]
1972 –Qu Yunxia, Chinese runner
1973 –Robbie Elliott, English footballer and coach
1973 –Chris Harris, American wrestler
1973 –Daisuke Miura, Japanese baseball player and coach
1973 –Alexandre Trudeau, Canadian journalist and director
1975 –Hideki Okajima, Japanese baseball player
1975 –Choi Sung-yong, South Korean footballer and manager
1975 –Marcus Trescothick, English cricketer
1976 –Tuomas Holopainen, Finnish keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
1976 –Atko Väikmeri, Estonian footballer
1976 –Armin van Buuren, Dutch DJ and record producer
1977 –Ali Tandoğan, Turkish footballer
1977 –Israel Vázquez, Mexican boxer (died 2024)^[96]
1978 –Simon Jones, Welsh cricketer
1978 –Joel Porter, Australian footballer and manager
1978 –Jeremy Strong, American actor
1979 –Ferman Akgül, Turkish singer-songwriter
1979 –Laurent Bonnart, French footballer
1979 –Robert Huff, English race car driver
1979 –Hyun Young-min, South Korean footballer
1980 –Laura Sadler, English actress (died 2003)
1980 –Marcus Trufant, American football player
1981 –Trenesha Biggers, American wrestler and model
1981 –Camille Herron, American ultramarathon runner^[97]
1981 –Christian Holst, Danish-Faroese footballer
1981 –Willy Taveras, Dominican baseball player
1982 –Shawn Andrews, American football player
1982 –Rob Edwards, Welsh footballer
1982 –Ethan Kath, Canadian keyboard player, songwriter and producer
1982 –Chris Rene, American singer-songwriter and producer
1984 –Chris Cahill, Samoan footballer
1984 –Alastair Cook, English cricketer
1984 –Jessica Origliasso, Australian singer, actress, and fashion designer^[90]
1984 –Lisa Origliasso, Australian singer, actress, and fashion designer^[90]
1984 –Chris Richard, American basketball player
1985 –Martin Mathathi, Kenyan runner
1985 –Rusev, Bulgarian-American professional wrestler
1985 –Perdita Weeks, Welsh actress^[90]
1987 –Ceyhun Gülselam, Turkish footballer
1987 –Demaryius Thomas, American football player (died 2021)^[98]
1988 –Eric Gordon, American basketball player^[99]
1988 –Lukas Hinds-Johnson, German rugby player^[100]
1988 –Joãozinho, Brazilian footballer^[101]
1991 –Avu-chan, Japanese musician, songwriter, actor, model and producer^[102]
1992 –Mitakeumi Hisashi, Japanese sumo wrestler^[103]
1993 –Emi Takei, Japanese actress, fashion model and singer^[104]
1996 –Emiliano Buendía, Argentine footballer^[105]
1999 –Adut Akech, South Sudanese-Australian fashion model^[106]
2000 –Wilfried Singo, Ivorian footballer^[107]

Deaths

[edit]

Pre-1600

[edit]

304 –Saint Anastasia
795 –Pope Adrian I
820 –Emperor Leo V
936 –Zhang Jingda, general ofLater Tang
940 –Makan ibn Kaki, Iranian general
1147 –Guy II, Count of Ponthieu (bornc. 1120)
1156 –Peter the Venerable, French abbot and saint (born 1092)
1156 –Sverker the Elder, king of Sweden
1294 –Mestwin II, Duke of Pomerania
1395 –Elisabeth, Countess of Neuchâtel, Swiss ruler
1406 –Henry III of Castile (born 1379)
1505 –George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent, English politician (born 1454)
1553 –Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish explorer and politician, 1stRoyal Governor of Chile (born 1500)

1601–1900

[edit]

1634 –Lettice Knollys, English noblewoman (born 1543)^[108]
1635 –Samuel de Champlain, French soldier, geographer, and explorer (born 1567)
1676 –William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, English soldier and politician,Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire (born 1592)
1676 –Matthew Hale, English lawyer and jurist,Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (born 1609)
1683 –Kara Mustafa Pasha, Ottoman general and politician, 111thGrand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (born 1634)
1708 –Jørgen Thormøhlen, German-Norwegian merchant (born c.1640)^[109]
1730 –Henry Scott, 1st Earl of Deloraine, Scottish peer and general (born 1676)
1758 –James Hervey, English priest and author (born 1714)
1784 –Yosa Buson, Japanese poet and painter (born 1716)
1796 –Velu Nachiyar, Queen of Sivagangai (born 1730)
1824 –Barbara von Krüdener, German mystic and author (born 1764)
1824 –William Lawless, Irish revolutionary, later French Army general (born 1772)
1866 –Hayrullah Efendi, Ottoman physician, historian, and official (born 1818)^[110]
1868 –Linus Yale, Jr., American engineer and businessman (born 1821)
1875 –Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (born 1851)
1880 –Fridolin Anderwert, Swiss lawyer and politician,President of the Swiss National Council (born 1828)

1901–present

[edit]

1916 –Albert Chmielowski, Polish saint, founded theAlbertine Brothers (born 1845)
1921 –Vladimir Korolenko, Russian journalist, author, and activist (born 1853)
1925 –Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst and author (born 1877)
1926 –Emperor Taishō of Japan (born 1879)
1928 –Miles Burke, American boxer (born 1885)
1930 –Jakob Mändmets, Estonian journalist and author (born 1871)
1933 –Francesc Macià, Catalan colonel and politician, 122ndPresident of Catalonia (born 1859)
1935 –Paul Bourget, French author and critic (born 1852)
1938 –Karel Čapek, Czech author and playwright (born 1890)
1940 –Agnes Ayres, American actress (born 1898)
1941 –Richard S. Aldrich, American lawyer and politician (born 1884)
1944 –George Steer, South African-English journalist and author (born 1909)
1946 –W. C. Fields, American actor, comedian, juggler, and screenwriter (born 1880)
1947 –Gaspar G. Bacon, American lawyer and politician, 51stLieutenant Governor of Massachusetts (born 1886)
1949 –Leon Schlesinger, American animator and producer, foundedWarner Bros. Cartoons (born 1884)
1950 –Neil Francis Hawkins, English politician (born 1903)
1952 –Margrethe Mather, American photographer (born 1886)
1953 –Patsy Donovan, Irish-American baseball player and manager (born 1865)^[111]
1953 –William Haselden, British cartoonist (born 1872)
1956 –Robert Walser, Swiss author and playwright (born 1878)
1957 –Charles Pathé, French record producer, foundedPathé Records (born 1863)
1961 –Owen Brewster, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 54thGovernor of Maine (born 1888)
1961 –Otto Loewi, German-American pharmacologist and academic,Nobel Prize laureate (born 1873)
1963 –Tristan Tzara, Romanian-French poet, playwright, painter, and critic (born 1896)
1970 –Michael Peto, Hungarian-English photographer and journalist (born 1908)
1973 –İsmet İnönü, Turkish general and politician, 2ndPresident of Turkey (born 1884)
1973 –Gabriel Voisin, French pilot and engineer (born 1880)
1975 –Gaston Gallimard, French publisher, foundedÉditions Gallimard (born 1881)
1975 –Gunnar Kangro, Estonian mathematician and author (born 1913)
1977 –Charlie Chaplin, English actor and director (born 1889)
1979 –Joan Blondell, American actress and singer (born 1906)
1979 –Jordi Bonet, Canadian painter and sculptor (born 1932)
1980 –Fred Emney, English actor and comedian (born 1900)
1983 –Joan Miró, Spanish painter and sculptor (born 1893)
1988 –Shōhei Ōoka, Japanese author and critic (born 1909)
1988 –Edward Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle, English entomologist and lepidopterist (born 1920)
1989 –Benny Binion, American poker player and businessman (born 1904)
1989 –Elena Ceaușescu, Romanian politician,First Lady of Romania (born 1916)
1989 –Nicolae Ceaușescu, Romanian general and politician, 1stPresident of Romania (born 1918)
1989 –Betty Garde, American actress (born 1905)
1989 –Frederick F. Houser, American judge and politician, 34thLieutenant Governor of California (born 1905)
1989 –Billy Martin, American baseball player and manager (born 1928)
1989 –Robert Pirosh, American director and screenwriter (born 1910)
1991 –Wilbur Snyder, American football player and wrestler (born 1929)
1992 –Monica Dickens, British-American nurse and author (born 1915)
1993 –Pierre Victor Auger, French physicist and academic (born 1899)
1994 –Zail Singh, Indian politician, 7thPresident of India (born 1916)
1995 –Emmanuel Levinas, Lithuanian-French philosopher and academic (born 1906)
1995 –Dean Martin, American singer and actor (born 1917)
1995 –Chang Kee-ryo, Korean surgeon (born 1914)
1995 –Vincent Patriarca, Italian-American aviator andmercenary (born 1914)^[112]
1996 –Bill Hewitt, Canadian sportscaster (born 1928)
1997 –Anatoli Boukreev, Kazakh mountaineer and explorer (born 1958)
1997 –Denver Pyle, American actor (born 1920)
1998 –John Pulman, English snooker player (born 1923)^[113]
2000 –Neil Hawke, Australian cricketer and footballer (born 1939)
2000 –Willard Van Orman Quine, American philosopher and academic (born 1908)
2001 –Alfred A. Tomatis, French otolaryngologist and academic (born 1920)
2003 –Nicholas Mavroules, American politician (born 1929)
2004 –Gennadi Strekalov, Russian engineer and astronaut (born 1940)
2005 –Derek Bailey, English guitarist (born 1930)
2005 –Robert Barbers, Filipino police officer, lawyer, and politician, 15thSecretary of the Interior and Local Government (born 1944)
2005 –Birgit Nilsson, Swedish operatic soprano (born 1918)
2005 –Joseph Pararajasingham, Sri Lankan journalist, businessman, and politician (born 1934)
2006 –James Brown, American singer-songwriter (born 1933)^[114]
2007 –Des Barrick, English cricketer (born 1927)^[115]
2007 –Jim Beauchamp, American baseball player and coach (born 1939)^[116]
2008 –Eartha Kitt, American singer and actress (born 1927)^[117]
2009 –Vic Chesnutt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1964)^[118]
2010 –Carlos Andrés Pérez, Venezuelan politician, 66thPresident of Venezuela (born 1922)^[119]
2011 –Giorgio Bocca, Italian journalist (born 1920)^[120]
2011 –Jim Sherwood, American saxophonist (born 1942)^[121]
2011 –Simms Taback, American author and illustrator (born 1932)^[122]
2012 –Erico Aumentado, Filipino journalist, lawyer, and politician (born 1940)^[123]
2012 –Halfdan Hegtun, Norwegian radio host and politician (born 1918)^[124]
2012 –Joe Krivak, American football player and coach (born 1935)^[125]
2012 –Turki bin Sultan, Saudi Arabian politician (born 1959)^[126]
2012 –Şerafettin Elçi, Turkish lawyer, politician, government minister (born 1938)^[127]
2013 –Anthony J. Bryant, American historian and author (born 1961)^[128]
2013 –David R. Harris, English geographer, anthropologist, archaeologist and academic (born 1930)^[129]
2013 –Wayne Harrison, English footballer (born 1967)^[130]
2013 –Mike Hegan, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1942)^[131]
2013 –Lola Lange, Canadian rural feminist and appointee to theRoyal Commission on the Status of Women (born 1922)^[132]
2013 –Mel Mathay, Filipino politician, 8thMayor of Quezon City (born 1932)^[133]
2014 –Ricardo Porro, Cuban-French architect (born 1925)^[134]
2014 –Geoff Pullar, English cricketer (born 1935)^[135]
2014 –David Ryall, English actor (born 1935)^[136]
2015 –George Clayton Johnson, American author and screenwriter (born 1929)^[137]
2015 –Dorothy M. Murdock, American author and historian (born 1961)^[138]
2016 –Valery Khalilov, Russian military musician and composer (born 1952)^[139]
2016 –George Michael, British singer and songwriter (born 1963)^[140]
2016 –Vera Rubin, American astronomer (born 1928)^[141]
2017 –D. Herbert Lipson, American magazine publisher (Philadelphia,Boston) (born 1929)^[142]
2018 –Sulagitti Narasamma, Indian midwife (born 1920)^[143]
2019 –Ari Behn, Norwegian writer (born 1972)^[144]
2020 –K. C. Jones, American basketball player and coach (born 1932)^[145]
2021 –Wayne Thiebaud, American artist (born 1920)^[146]
2022 –Fabián O'Neill, Uruguayan footballer (born 1973)^[147]
2023 –Jim Breaks, British wrestler (born 1940)^[148]
2024 –Britt Allcroft, English writer (born 1943)^[149]
2024 –Bill Bergey, American football player (born 1945)^[150]
2024 –Jax Dane, American professional wrestler (born 1976)^[151]
2024 –M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian author and screenwriter (born 1933)^[152]
2024 –Osamu Suzuki, Japanese businessman (born 1930)^[153]

Holidays and observances

[edit]

Children's Day (Cameroon,Central African Republic,Chad,Equatorial Guinea,Democratic Republic of the Congo,Gabon,Republic of Congo)
Christianfeast day:
Christmas Day, Christian festival commemorating thebirth of Jesus. (Internationally observed)
Tulsi Pujan Diwas (India)
Constitution Day (Taiwan)
Good Governance Day (India)
Quaid-e-Azam's Day (Pakistan)
Takanakuy (Chumbivilcas Province, Peru)

References

[edit]

^Twitchett, Denis; Fairbank, John King; Loewe, Michael (1978).The Cambridge History of China: Volume 1, The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 BC – AD 220. Cambridge University Press. p. 255.ISBN 978-0-521-24327-8.
^Clauss, Manfred (2001).Die römischen Kaiser - 55 historische Portraits von Caesar bis Iustinian. C.H.Beck. p. 250.ISBN 978-3-406-47288-6.
^Jones, A.H.M.;J.R. Martindale &J. Morris (1971).The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire Volume 1: A.D. 260–395. Cambridge University Press. p. 220.ISBN 0-521-07233-6.
^"Christmas and its cycle".New Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). Catholic University of America Press. 2002. p. 551.
^Syvanne, Ikka (2015).Military History of Late Rome. Pen and Sword. p. 323.ISBN 9781848848559.
^Danuta, Shanzer (March 1998). "Dating the baptism of Clovis: the bishop of Vienne vs the bishop of Tours".Early Medieval Europe.7 (1):29–57.doi:10.1111/1468-0254.00017.S2CID 161819012.
^Thomas Joseph Shahan & Ewan Macpherson (1913)."Charlemagne" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^Lidov, Alexei (2012-10-19)."A Byzantine Jerusalem. The Imperial Pharos Chapel as the Holy Sepulchre"(PDF). In Hoffmann, Annette & Wolf, Gerhard (eds.).Jerusalem as Narrative Space / Erzählraum Jerusalem. Visualising the Middle Ages. Vol. 6. Leiden-Boston: Brill. p. 66.ISBN 978-90-04-22625-8.Archived(PDF) from the original on 2017-01-15.
^Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991).The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1210.ISBN 0-19-504652-8.
^Engel, Pál (2001).The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526. I.B. Tauris Publishers. p. 27.ISBN 978-1-86064-061-2.
^James, Panton (2011).Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy. Scarecrow Press. p. 470.ISBN 9780810874978.
^"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Clement II".www.newadvent.org.He was enthroned in St. Peter's on Christmas Day and took the name of Clement II. .... His first pontifical act was to place the imperial crown upon his benefactor and the queen-consort, Agnes of Aquitaine. The new emperor received from the Romans and the pope the title and diadem of a Roman Patricius...
^Sanders, Kevin (22 December 2016)."How William the Conqueror spent Christmas in 1066".English Heritage Blog. Retrieved24 December 2020.
^Murray, Alan V. (2000).The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Dynastic History, 1099–1125. Prosopographica et Geneologica. p. 96.ISBN 978-1-9009-3403-9.
^"Roger II | Facts & Biography".Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved14 July 2020.
^Korobeinikov, Dimitri (2014).Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century. Oxford University Press. p. 237.ISBN 9780191017940.
^Columbus, Christopher;Hale, Edward Everett (1891).The life of Christopher Columbus, from his own letters and journals and other documents of his time. Chicago: G.L. Howe & Co. p. 133.ISBN 9780665053122.{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
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