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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name Decane[1] | |
| Other names Decyl hydride | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| 1696981 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider |
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| DrugBank |
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.262 |
| EC Number |
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| MeSH | decane |
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 2247 |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C10H22 | |
| Molar mass | 142.286 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like (in high concentrations) |
| Density | 0.730 g mL−1 |
| Melting point | −30.5 to −29.2 °C; −22.8 to −20.6 °F; 242.7 to 243.9 K |
| Boiling point | 173.8 to 174.4 °C; 344.7 to 345.8 °F; 446.9 to 447.5 K |
| logP | 5.802 |
| Vapor pressure | 195 Pa[2] |
Henry's law constant (kH) | 2.1 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| −119.74·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.1381 W m−1 K−1 (300 K)[3] |
Refractive index (nD) | 1.411–1.412 |
| Viscosity |
|
| Thermochemistry | |
| 315.46 J K−1 mol−1 | |
Std molar entropy(S⦵298) | 425.89 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation(ΔfH⦵298) | −302.1 – −299.9 kJ mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of combustion(ΔcH⦵298) | −6779.21 – −6777.45 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | Flammable, moderately toxic |
| GHS labelling: | |
  | |
| Danger | |
| H226,H302,H304,H305 | |
| P301+P310,P331 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 46.0 °C (114.8 °F; 319.1 K) |
| 210.0 °C (410.0 °F; 483.1 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 0.8–2.6% |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
|
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | hazard.com |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanes | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Decane is analkanehydrocarbon with thechemical formula C10H22. Although 75 structuralisomers are possible for decane, the term usually refers to the normal-decane ("n-decane"), with the formula CH3(CH2)8CH3. All isomers, however, exhibit similar properties and little attention is paid to the composition.[5] These isomers areflammableliquids. Decane is present in small quantities (less than 1%) ingasoline (petrol) andkerosene.[6][7] Like other alkanes, it is anonpolar solvent, and does not dissolve inwater, and is readily combustible. Although it is a component offuels, it is of little importance as a chemical feedstock, unlike a handful of other alkanes.[8]
Decane undergoescombustion, just like otheralkanes. In the presence of sufficient oxygen, it burns to formwater andcarbon dioxide.
With insufficient oxygen,carbon monoxide is also formed.
It can be manufactured in the laboratory without fossil fuels.[9]
It has asurface tension of 0.0238 N·m−1.[10]
Media related toDecane at Wikimedia Commons
