InU.S. law, particularly afterBrown v. Board of Education (1954), the difference betweende factosegregation (that existed because of voluntary associations and neighborhoods) andde jure segregation (that existed because of local laws) became important distinctions for court-mandated remedial purposes.[4]
Between 1805 and 1914, theruling dynasty ofEgypt was subject to the rulers of theOttoman Empire but acted asde facto independent rulers who maintained thepolite fiction of Ottomansuzerainty. However, starting from around 1882, the rulers had onlyde jure rule over Egypt, as it had by then become a Britishpuppet state.[5] Thus, by Ottoman law, Egypt wasde jure a province of the Ottoman Empire, butde facto was part of theBritish Empire.
Thede jure borders of a country are defined by the area its government claims, but not necessarily controls. Modern examples includeTaiwan (claimed but not controlled byChina)[6] andKashmir (claimed bymultiple countries).[7]
^Fabry, Mikulas (2 January 2024). "The Effect of 'One China' Policies of Foreign States on the International Status of Taiwan".Diplomacy & Statecraft.35 (1):90–115.doi:10.1080/09592296.2024.2303855.
