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| Headquarters | Amsterdam |
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| Established | 25 March 1814; 211 years ago (1814-03-25) |
| President | Olaf Sleijpen |
| Central bank of | theNetherlands |
| Reserves | 8 840 million USD[1] |
| Succeeded by | European Central Bank (1999)1 |
| Website | dnb |
| 1 De Nederlandsche Bank still exists but many functions have been taken over by the ECB. | |
De Nederlandsche Bank (Dutch pronunciation:[dəˈneːdərlɑntsəbɑŋk],lit. 'The Dutch Bank', abbr.DNB) is thenational central bank for theNetherlands within theEurosystem. It was the Dutchcentral bank from 1814 to 1998, issuing theguilder. It was originally founded byKing William I, and has been since transformed into a state-ownedpublic limited company (Dutch:naamloze vennootschap, abbreviated NV).
In addition to its monetary role, De Nederlandsche Bank is also afinancial supervisory authority. In that capacity, it increasingly implements policies set at theEuropean Union level. It is the national competent authority for the Netherlands withinEuropean Banking Supervision.[2] It is a voting member of the respective Boards of Supervisors of theEuropean Banking Authority (EBA)[3] andEuropean Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA).[4] It is the designated DutchNational Resolution Authority and plenary session member of theSingle Resolution Board (SRB).[5] It provides the permanent single common representative for the Netherlands in the Supervisory composition of the General Board of theAnti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA).[6] It is also a member of theEuropean Systemic Risk Board (ESRB).[7]
On 2 May 1998, the European heads of state or government decided that the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) would begin on 1 January 1999 with eleven member states of the European Union (EU), the Netherlands included. As from 1 June 1998, the Dutch central bank, De Nederlandsche Bank, forms part of theEuropean System of Central Banks (ESCB). On the same day, the new Bank Act (of 1998) came into force. Nearly 185 years into its existence, the Nederlandsche Bank entered a new phase.
Under the 1998 Bank Act – replacing that of 1948 – the bank has the following tasks:
The first two tasks – also known as the ESCB tasks – ensue entirely from the Maastricht Treaty. Decisions in these areas are taken at the European level by the ECB Governing Council, on which the president of the Nederlandsche Bank has a seat. Promoting the smooth operation of payment systems has both a European and a national dimension. The statistical task is also partly ESCB-related and partly a national concern. The DNB is responsible for international macro-economic statistical analysis for countries outside the EU.[8] These two tasks will not be transferred to ESCB level at the start of EMU. Here the Nederlandsche Bank remains fully in control. However, in a Europe where economies are becoming increasingly interlocked, many banking supervisory rules are drawn up at the international level. DNB serves as the banker's bank to general Dutch banks.
One of the government appointed members of theSocial-Economic Council is always a representative of DNB.
The bank was established from the start onOude Turfmarkt [nl], where it occupied 17th-century houses. In the 1860s, a purpose-built head office, designed by architectWillem Anthonie Froger [nl], was erected on the same location and inaugurated in 1869. Nearly a century later in 1968, as the bank has left the building for its new seat, it was taken over by theUniversity of Amsterdam which had long been established just nearby, and subsequently repurposed as the location of theAllard Pierson Museum, which opened there in October 1976.[9]
In the 1960s, a new head office complex was constructed onFrederiksplein [nl] and inaugurated byQueen Juliana in May 1968. ArchitectMarius Duintjer [nl]'s stark design of 1961 consisted on a low square base and a rectangular office tower. In the late 1980s, as the bank was running out of space, it was complemented with a second, round tower designed in 1984 by architectsJelle Abma [nl] and Marc a Campo, the construction of which was finished in 1989.[10] In 2008, Marc a Campo designed a further extension by adding an extra floor to the square base. In a comprehensive renovation during the early 2020s, the round tower was demolished and the base remodeled to return the building to an exterior appearance more similar to the original one of the 1960s.[11]
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52°21′31.40″N4°54′0.0″E / 52.3587222°N 4.900000°E /52.3587222; 4.900000
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