Daozhen County 道真县 | |
|---|---|
| 道真仡佬族苗族自治县 Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County | |
 Daozhen is the northernmost division in this map of Zunyi | |
.png) Zunyi in Guizhou | |
  Daozhen Location of the seat in Guizhou Show map of Guizhou Daozhen Daozhen (Southwest China) Show map of Southwest China | |
| Coordinates (Daozhen County government):28°51′45″N107°36′47″E / 28.8625°N 107.6131°E /28.8625; 107.6131 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Guizhou |
| Prefecture-level city | Zunyi |
| County seat | Yinzhen Subdistrict |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,157.50 km2 (833.02 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
• Total | 243,846 |
| • Density | 113.022/km2 (292.727/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+08:00 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County (simplified Chinese:道真仡佬族苗族自治县;traditional Chinese:道真仡佬族苗族自治縣;pinyin:Dàozhēn Gēlǎozú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn; usually referred to as "Daozhen County" (道真县;道真縣), is a county in northernmostGuizhou province, China. It is under the administration of theprefecture-level city ofZunyi. Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is surrounded byChongqing on the north,Zheng'an County on the southwest, andWuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County on the southeast. The county covers 2,156 km2 (832 sq mi), as of 2018, it has a census registered population of 352,149.[2] The county has one subdistrict, eleven towns, one ethnic township and two townships under its jurisdiction, the county seat isYinzhen Subdistrict.
The name of "Yinzhen" is named after thecourtesy name "Daozhen" (道真) of Yin Zhen (尹珍), a Confucian scholar who lived during theEastern Han dynasty (25–220) and was one of "Three Sages of Han in Guizhou", the other two were She Ren (舍人) and Sheng Lan (盛览).[3]
After conquering all the states, EmperorQin Shi Huang implemented the system of prefectures and counties in 221 BC. Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County came under the jurisdiction of BaCommandery (巴郡).[4]
In theWestern Han dynasty (206 BC–8 AD), it belonged to Fuling County (涪陵县).[4]
In 221, the county under the control ofShu Han (221–263).[4]
After theDisaster of Yongjia in 311, local ethnic groups resisted full subjugation and the central government lost its jurisdiction.[4]
In 564, FengZhou (奉州) was formed after the native ruler Tian Sihe (田思鹤) made agreements with theNorthern Zhou Empire (557–581). Ten years later it was renamed "Qian Zhou" (黔州).[4]
After China was reunified during theSui dynasty (589–618), Xin'an County (信安县) was formed and under the administration of Mingyang Commandery (明阳郡).[4]
Under theTang dynasty (618–907), its name was replaced by "Xinning County" (信宁县) and under the administration of Yi Zhou (义州).[4] It came under the jurisdiction of Qian Zhou (黔州) in 673, Zhen Zhou (珍州) in 642 and later Zhen Zhou (溱州) in 807.[4] After the fall of Tang dynasty, the central government lost its jurisdiction again.[4]
In 965, the native leader Tian Jingqian (田景迁) paid allegiance to theEmperor Taizong, who declared the new Qiande period of theSong dynasty (960–1279) five years ago.[5] Its name was changed to Gao Zhou () in 968 and restored the former name "Zhen Zhou" (珍州) in 1108.[5] In 1274, it was under jurisdiction of Bo Zhou (播州).[5]
In 1363,Ming Yuzhen founded theMing Xia in southwest China during the chaotic lateYuan dynasty (1271–1368), the name was changed to "Zhen Zhou" (真州).[5]
In 1372, Yang Keng (杨铿), the top local official, paid allegiance toHongwu Emperor, who set up theMing dynasty (1368–1644) four years ago.[5] It came under the jurisdiction of SichuanBuzhengshisi (四川布政使司) and later GuizhouBuzhengshisi (贵州布政使司) in 1382.[5] In 1600, local government known as "Bozhou Xuanweisi" (播州宣慰司) rose in rebellion against the central government.[5]Wanli Emperor sent troops to pacify the rebellion. Zhen'an Zhou (真安州) was split from "Bozhou Xuanweisi" after the rebellion was suppressed.[5]
In 1724, in the ruling ofYongzheng Emperor of theQing dynasty (1644–1911), it was renamed "Zheng'an Zhou" (正安州).[5]
In July 1914, Zheng'an Zhou was revoked and Daozhen County was set up.[5]
On December 21, 1949, the Communists took over Daozhen County.[6] It came under the jurisdiction of Zunyi Special District (遵义专区).[6] In December 1958, Daozhen County was revoked and merged intoZheng'an County. Daozhen County was restored in August 1961. In November 1987 it became anautonomous county known as "Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County" approved by the State Council of China.[7][8]
Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County has one subdistrict, eleven towns, one ethnic township and two townships under its jurisdiction.[9] The county seat isYinzhen Subdistrict.
| Name | Chinese character | Area (Km2) | Population (2015) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yinzhen Subdistrict | 尹珍街道 | |||
| Yuxi | 玉溪镇 | 245.89 | 76,000 | |
| Sanjiang | 三江镇 | 74.95 | 15,000 | |
| Longxing | 隆兴镇 | 167.52 | 32,100 | |
| Jiucheng | 旧城镇 | 167 | 26,000 | |
| Zhongxin | 忠信镇 | 155.66 | 22,000 | |
| Luolong | 洛龙镇 | 226.36 | 20,000 | |
| Yangxi | 阳溪镇 | 185.4 | 13,000 | |
| Sanqiao | 三桥镇 | 229.2 | 30,000 | |
| Daqian | 大磏镇 | 192.8 | 25,000 | |
| Pingmu | 平模镇 | 90.6 | 20,000 | |
| Hekou | 河口镇 | 138.16 | 15,000 | |
| Zongping Township | 棕坪乡 | 77.12 | 14,000 | |
| Taoyuan Township | 桃源乡 | 106.15 | 10,000 | |
| Shangba Tujia Ethnic Township | 上坝土家族乡 | 99.67 | 18,000 |
Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is located in northern Guizhou province.[10] Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County shares a border withChongqing on the north,Zheng'an County on the southwest, andWuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County on the southeast.[10] The county has a combined area of 2,156-square-kilometre (832 sq mi), of which 2,111-square-kilometre (815 sq mi) is land and 45-square-kilometre (17 sq mi) is covered by water.[11]
Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is in the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of 16.9 °C (62.4 °F), total annual rainfall of 926.8-millimetre (36.49 in), a frost-free period of 270 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1059.9 hours.[12]
| Climate data for Daozhen, elevation 686 m (2,251 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.8 (69.4) | 30.6 (87.1) | 33.3 (91.9) | 34.4 (93.9) | 35.4 (95.7) | 35.8 (96.4) | 38.2 (100.8) | 38.7 (101.7) | 37.5 (99.5) | 33.4 (92.1) | 26.6 (79.9) | 20.1 (68.2) | 38.7 (101.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.4 (47.1) | 11.1 (52.0) | 16.0 (60.8) | 21.6 (70.9) | 25.2 (77.4) | 27.9 (82.2) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.4 (88.5) | 26.9 (80.4) | 20.7 (69.3) | 16.0 (60.8) | 10.3 (50.5) | 20.6 (69.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) | 7.5 (45.5) | 11.5 (52.7) | 16.5 (61.7) | 20.2 (68.4) | 23.3 (73.9) | 26.2 (79.2) | 25.8 (78.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 16.7 (62.1) | 12.0 (53.6) | 7.0 (44.6) | 16.2 (61.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) | 5.0 (41.0) | 8.5 (47.3) | 13.0 (55.4) | 16.6 (61.9) | 20.0 (68.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 18.5 (65.3) | 14.2 (57.6) | 9.5 (49.1) | 4.7 (40.5) | 13.1 (55.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.3 (24.3) | −3.4 (25.9) | −3.9 (25.0) | 3.9 (39.0) | 8.5 (47.3) | 13.1 (55.6) | 15.0 (59.0) | 14.9 (58.8) | 10.6 (51.1) | 4.0 (39.2) | −1.3 (29.7) | −5.0 (23.0) | −5.0 (23.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 16.5 (0.65) | 21.9 (0.86) | 46.7 (1.84) | 105.2 (4.14) | 158.8 (6.25) | 192.5 (7.58) | 147.8 (5.82) | 126.2 (4.97) | 97.7 (3.85) | 96.1 (3.78) | 45.6 (1.80) | 15.3 (0.60) | 1,070.3 (42.14) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.7 | 10.4 | 13.4 | 15.1 | 17.2 | 16.4 | 13.3 | 12.4 | 11.5 | 16.1 | 11.9 | 10.7 | 159.1 |
| Average snowy days | 3.5 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 6.3 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 79 | 77 | 76 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 77 | 76 | 79 | 83 | 82 | 80 | 79 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 29.4 | 33.1 | 61.4 | 87.0 | 98.6 | 92.4 | 157.5 | 176.7 | 111.5 | 62.7 | 55.6 | 36.3 | 1,002.2 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 9 | 10 | 16 | 22 | 23 | 22 | 37 | 44 | 30 | 18 | 17 | 11 | 22 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[13][14] | |||||||||||||
There are 45 rivers and streams in the county. The major rivers areFurong River (芙蓉江),Mei River (梅江),Sanjiang River (三江), andLuolong River (洛龙河).[15]
There are more than 26 mountains over 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) above sea level in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County.[16] Mazhuayan (麻抓岩) is the highest point in the county, which, at 1,939.9 metres (6,365 ft) above sea level.[10] The second highest point in the county is Mopanshi (磨盘石) which stands 1,934.1 metres (6,345 ft) above sea level.[17]
Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is rich in natural resources. There are nearly 20 kinds of mineral resources, such ascoal,oil shale,aluminium,iron,lead,zinc,silver,gypsum,calcite, etc. Coal reserves reached 116 million tons, making it became one of the "four coal fields in Zunyi".[18]
There are more than 400 species ofterrestrial vertebrates in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County. Among them, there are four kinds of national first-class protected wild animals, includingfrançois' langur,musk deer,leopard, andclouded leopard, and more than 30 kinds of national second-class protected wild animals, such asmacaque,Tibetan macaque,large Indian civet,pangolin andgolden pheasant.[18]
Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County has more than 100 species of wild plants of which 30 have state protection, such asCathaya,Davidia involucrata,Ginkgo biloba,Taxus chinensis,Cunninghamia lanceolata,Cinnamomum camphora, etc.[18]
As of 2018, there were 352,149 people, including 234,678 rural population and 117,471 urban population.[2]
Mandarin is the official language.
The Gelao and Miao people believe inanimism and worship ancestors.Buddhism andTaoism was introduced into Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County after the conquest ofSong dynasty (960–1279).
Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County touts many attractions, including the Fairy Cave (仙女洞), Dashahe Provincial Nature Reserve (大沙河省级自然保护区) and Luolong National Ecological Park (洛龙国家生态公园).[19]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
