| Dream | |
|---|---|
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | DC Comics |
| First appearance | The Sandman vol. 2 #1 (January 1989) |
| Created by | |
| In-story information | |
| Team affiliations | The Endless |
| Partnerships |
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| Notable aliases |
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| Abilities |
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Dream of the Endless is afictional character, ananthropomorphic personification who first appeared in the first issue ofThe Sandman, written byNeil Gaiman and published byDC Comics. One of the sevenEndless, who are inconceivably powerful beings older and greater than gods, Dream is both lord and personification of alldreams and stories, and all that is not inreality (which, in turn, Dream may define by his existence).[1] He has taken many names, includingMorpheus,Oneiros,Kai'ckul, and theSandman, and his appearance can change depending on the person who is seeing him. Dream was named the sixth-greatest comic book character byEmpire.[2] He was also named fifteenth inIGN's 100 Top Comic Book Heroes list.[3]
After the events ofThe Sandman: The Kindly Ones that led to Dream's death at the hands of the Furies,Daniel Hall becomes the new Dream.
Tom Sturridge is the principal actor portraying Dream in the television seriesThe Sandman onNetflix;Ernest Kingsley Junior portrays him in the form of Kai'ckul, as perceived by his one-time lover Nada.
Dream is the protagonist andtitle character of the comic bookThe Sandman. The comic book grew out of a proposal by Neil Gaiman to revive DC's 1974–1976 seriesThe Sandman, written byJoe Simon andMichael Fleisher and illustrated byJack Kirby andErnie Chua. Gaiman soon began constructing a treatment for a new series. Gaiman mentioned his treatment in passing to DC editorKaren Berger.[4] When months later Berger offered Gaiman a comic title to work on, he was unsure hisSandman pitch would be accepted. Weeks later, Berger asked Gaiman if he was interested in doing aSandman series. Gaiman recalled: "I said, 'Um ... yes. Yes, definitely. What's the catch?' Berger said: 'There's only one. We'd like a new Sandman. Keep the name. But the rest is up to you.'"[4]
Gaiman crafted the new character from an initial image of "a man, young, pale and naked, imprisoned in a tiny cell, waiting until his captors passed away ... deathly thin, with long dark hair, and strange eyes".[5] Gaiman patterned the character's black attire on a print of aJapanesekimono as well as his own wardrobe.[6]
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Dream is the ruler of the Dreaming where people go when they dream.[7]
Daniel's fatherHector Hall was aghost revived by the two nightmares Brute and Glob, in Morpheus's absence, whereafterHippolyta "Lyta" Hall and Hector's ghost lived in the dreams of a child namedJed Walker for two years. Upon Dream's return to the Dreaming, he destroyed the barrier that the two had created around the child's mind from the real Dreaming, imprisoned the two nightmares, released Hector's ghost, and restored Lyta to the waking world. Upon leaving Lyta, Dream revealed that he would someday claim their unborn son because he had spent much of hisgestation in the Dreaming. Before Dream facedLucifer, he paid another visit to the two and named the child Daniel. In one of the issues inFables and Reflections, Daniel was regaled with stories byCain,Abel, andEve whileMatthew the Raven watched.
Inthe Kindly Ones saga, Lyta incorrectly believed that Daniel had been 'abducted' by Dream, and took her grievances to theFuries, with whom she destroyed much of the Dreaming. Unknown to her, Daniel was abducted byLoki andRobin Goodfellow, and retrieved by theCorinthian and Matthew. At Morpheus' citadel, Morpheus transfers his role to Daniel and allows Death to take him. Daniel as the new Dream is an amalgam of a child and theEndless whom he represents. His speech is largely unchanged, but it is drawn with black font on a white background (as opposed to the direct contrasting style of the former self). He is still identified by the honorific "Dream of the Endless", but refuses the name of 'Morpheus'. He is inexperienced in government of the Dreaming and relies on Matthew for advice. As Dream, Daniel is a gentler and more merciful lord than Morpheus.
Daniel was named in accordance withNeil Gaiman's decision to give the Endless names or titles beginning with the letter 'D', and after theBiblical prophet who interpreted dreams. Whereas Morpheus almost always wears black, Daniel robes himself in white. Morpheus' garments also tended to be styled with a flame motif, while Daniel's are often adorned with floral patterns. Daniel is unable to convince Fiddler's Green to return to the Dreaming but otherwise recreates the entire land, including its populace, as it was before.
Daniel has appeared from time to time in other Vertigo series. He was often identified, and infrequently appeared, inThe Dreaming byCaitlin Kiernan. He appeared inLucifer: Nirvana, helping Lucifer track an enemy, and inThe Sandman Presents: The Furies, in which he met his mortal mother for the first time sinceThe Wake.
Within the mainDC Universe, Daniel has made guest appearances inJLA #22–23, in which he helped save the Earth fromStarro and in which he repaid the 'debt' his predecessor had owed the Justice League. He also assuredKyle Rayner that he had surpassedHal Jordan and will continue to do so. Daniel next appeared in a handful of issues ofJSA in which he, among other things, transferred the prophetic dreams fromWesley Dodds toSandy Hawkins. In another appearance, he prevents the time-traveling villainPer Degaton from tormenting his parents.[8] Still later in the series, Daniel, in the form of a magic mirror, tells Hector Hall (reincarnated as Doctor Fate) and Lyta aboutSand, who is trapped in a dream world created, again, by Brute and Glob.[9] Daniel brought the spirits of his mortal parents to live in the Dreaming after their deaths.[10]
Dream Girl tellsDoctor Destiny that she foresaw his death, being tortured in his sleep by "the owner of the dreamstone".[11]
Daniel appears inDark Nights: Metal a crossover written byScott Snyder, with Neil Gaiman's blessing.
Dream of the Endless usually appears as a tall, thin man with bone-white skin, black hair, and two stars in place of eyes. Most often they are silver, blue, or white, but when he becomes angered, they have been shown to turn red. Dream's appearance ranges widely: people generally perceive him in a style of dress appropriate to their region and era. In the Dreaming, he is often seen wearing a grey T-shirt and dark pants. He appears to be light-skinned when interacting with similar characters, but the people ofTales in the Sand's primordial African city see him as dark. He appears as a huge black cat when speaking to the lonelySiamese cat-pilgrim ofDream of a Thousand Cats and as a cat-headed god when addressing the Egyptian feline goddessBast.Martian Manhunter sees Dream in the shape of a flaming Martian skull and identifies him as Lord L'Zoril; butMister Miracle, looking at him simultaneously, sees him as a man. InSeason of Mists, he appears in the same form to all the Gods (Bast comments: "I much prefer you in cat form, Dream old friend").[12] InThe Dream Hunters, set in ancientJapan, Dream appears as a Japanese man to aBuddhist monk and as afox to afox spirit. He customarily wears a billowing black cape, sometimes with a flame motif. In battle he wears a helmet made from the skull and backbone of a defeated enemy. This "helm", which resembles aWorld War II-eragas mask, is also his sigil in the galleries of the other Endless, as well as appearing in the dreams (and at least once on the staircase wall) ofWesley Dodds. His face and physique are based on an amalgamation ofNeil Gaiman in his twenties,The Cure's frontmanRobert Smith, and ballet dancerFarukh Ruzimatov.[13][14] Dream's face and appearance are also based onBauhaus frontmanPeter Murphy.[15][16] In fact, Gaiman explained that Murphy was the original model for Dream.[17] Gaiman also stated that Sandman artistDave McKean based Dream's face in the cover of Sandman #1 onPeter Murphy.[18][19]
Dream's speech is usually portrayed as white text in black, wavy-edged speech bubbles bordered in white. The text is capitalized normally (sentence case), in stark contrast to other characters' speech, generally inblock caps text.
Throughout the series, Dream is referred to by various aliases, including Morpheus,Oneiros, the Shaper, the Shaper of Form, Lord of the Dreaming, Dreamweaver, the Dream King, Dream-Sneak, the Cat of Dreams, Murphy, Kai'ckul and Lord L'Zoril, who is theanthropomorphic personification ofdreams.
Although he is ultimately a heroic character, Dream is sometimes slow to understand humor, occasionally insensitive, often self-obsessed, and very slow to forgive a slight. He has a long history of failed amours, and is both shown and implied to have reacted harshly to the women therein. Both his mother, Night, and his siblings have commented that Dream has always wanted and always failed at finding a partner. AsMervyn Pumpkinhead remarks: "He's gotta be the tragic figure standing out in the rain, mournin' the loss of his beloved. So down comes the rain, right on cue. In the meantime everybody gets dreams full of existential angst and wakes up feeling like hell. And we all get wet". Near the end of theBrief Lives story arc,Desire says of Dream: "He's stuffy, stupid, and thinks he knows everything, and there's just something about him that gets on my nerves". There is a long-standing enmity between Dream and Desire, stemming from Desire's possible involvement in the failure of one of Dream's amours (seen inEndless Nights). It is implied that before his imprisonment he was crueler and more blind to his flaws, and much ofThe Sandman is focused on his desire to atone for his past behavior (e.g., helping past loversCalliope and Nada). Dream reacts strongly to perceived insult; he banishes Nada to Hell for rejecting him and expresses outrage whenHob Gadling suggests that he seeks companionship.
Dream is constantly aware of his responsibilities, both to other people and to his territory, and is detailed and exacting in their fulfillment (as noted inSeason of Mists, where he is described thus: "Of all the Endless, save perhapsDestiny, he is most conscious of his responsibilities, the most meticulous in their execution"). Conversely, he also uses his responsibilities as an excuse to avoid change and other things he does not want to do. He shares a close, reciprocal bond of dependence and trust with his elder sister,Death. He consistently strives for understanding of himself and of the other Endless, but is ultimately defeated by his inability to accept change: inThe Wake, when asked (by Matthew, the raven), "Why did it happen? Why did he let it happen?",Lucien remarks: "Charitably... I think... sometimes, perhaps, one must change or die. And in the end, there were, perhaps, limits to how much he could let himself change". However, Death suspects Dream allowed himself to become vulnerable to the Kindly Ones (by leaving his realm, when summoned by a fairy). This would imply Dream accepted change enough to knowingly and willingly allow himself to be killed and reborn as another aspect of himself - a different one. One might argue, however, that this whole "die and be replaced by the Daniel version of himself" plot was just Dream playing his own role, as he already knew some of it would happen, when he met the Daniel Dream and retrieved the Saeculum (both events happening in The Sandman Overture). Thus, the change was maybe never an option, but an imperative.
Dream is noted inSeason of Mists as "accumulating names to himself as others make friends, but he permits himself few friends". He is given more names inThe Sandman than any of the other Endless, beyond the many translations ofDream.
Despite his narcissism and pride, Dream has a strong sense of honor. He repeatedly risks his life to make amends for a past wrong, despite not needing to do so (though, this was only after Death pointed out how horribly he had behaved) and continues on his search with Delirium despite his aversion to doing so, feeling it was unjust their human guide died without knowing anything of their quest.
Dream lives in a castle at the heart of his realm called"The Dreaming". Both the castle and the rest of his realm are mutable and change often, often at his will, although his resistance to change (and difficulty changing) is a theme throughout the series. Dream maintains both the castle and the realm, as with all aspects of his appearance, in a half-accommodating, half-terrifying state, simultaneously acknowledging both the courtesy due to others and the attention due him as the realm's master, and indeed the pleasantness and terror of dreams themselves. On top of his castle are theGate Keepers consisting of awyvern, agriffin, and ahippogriff who intercept any dreamers that want to enter Dream's castle.
Dream is the only one of the Endless known to populate his realm with speaking characters: a multitude of dreams and nightmares he has created, as well as entities from other realms. These include the narrators from olderDC horror comics, includingCain and Abel, andFiddler's Green, who emulatesG. K. Chesterton in human form. Dream recruits or creates (or re-creates) servants to perform roles he could easily carry out himself, including the reorganization of the castle and the guarding of its entrance. Although this is not stated in the series, Gaiman has said that he "always assumed" Dream had once been alone in the Dreaming and that he populated it for want of company.[20]
Other than Dream himself, the most important inhabitant of the Dreaming is Lucien, the first of Dream's ravens and now the Librarian of the Dreaming. Dream gives Lucien authority over the Dreaming on several occasions. The character originally appeared in the 1970sDC comicTales of Ghost Castle, which lasted for only three issues (and was apparently killed off inSecrets of Haunted House #44).[21] Lucien and Cain have a similar appearance as both were originally created by the same artist.[22]
Other notable inhabitants include:
The Dreaming is at any moment also full of all creatures dreaming at that moment, although these seldom appear in the comics panel. Several comics in DC'sVertigo line have been set in the Dreaming, most notablya series of the same name (chief authorAlisa Kwitney).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)Mike Dringenberg: "The Sandman himself is even more of a composite. Certain well-known people influenced the design -- his mop of hair came from Robert Smith and ballet dancer Farukh Ruzimatov was always in my mind for his dramatic physique,..."
Artist Kelley Jones says: "I know Neil always said [the Sandman] was based on Robert Smith of the Cure,...
The Sandman image was inspired by Peter Murphy, the ex-Bauhaus singer and Maxell tape model, because when artist Mike Dringenberg saw the original sketches for the character he said: "He looks like Peter Murphy from Bauhaus".
['Sandman' artist Kelly Jones talks about the inspiration behind Dream's appearance]: I know Neil always said [the Sandman] was based on Robert Smith of the Cure, but I just hated the Cure. I didn't want to hear that. I was really into Peter Murphy at that time, the guy from Bauhaus. I didn't like Bauhaus, but I liked him on his own, and he had a song called "Cut You Up" or something; it was on the radio at the time. I bought the CD, and I said, 'You know, with that big poufy hair, he looks like that guy'. At that time, Murphy was very gestural. I don't think the guy ever had a picture taken of him that wasn't angled and in deep lighting. So I took that, too. I said, 'Whenever I do him, I'm gonna do that kind of thing. And get into his face, don't just keep him in deep shadow all the time. He will be in deep shadow all the time, but I want to put across a guy who's clueless. Not stupid, but he's not understanding things'. Because he's an immortal guy who...
The original idea-model for Morpheus was Peter Murphy from Bauhaus.
"If I remember correctly Dave based the face on the cover of Sandman #1 on an image of Peter Murphy".
Sandman inker Mike Dringenberg observed: '"Hey, [he] looks like Peter Murphy from Bauhaus'". Cover artist Dave McKean and Gaiman 'got some Bauhaus videos and immediately saw that Mike was right; and Dave ended up making the central image on the cover of Sandman [number one] a Peter Murphy-like face'.