D. M. Thomas | |
|---|---|
| Born | Donald Michael Thomas (1935-01-25)25 January 1935 Carnkie, Cornwall, England |
| Died | 26 March 2023(2023-03-26) (aged 88) Truro, Cornwall, England |
| Occupation |
|
| Alma mater | New College, Oxford |
| Period | 1968–2023 |
| Notable works |
|
| Notable awards | Cholmondeley Award 1978 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Fiction 1981The White Hotel Cheltenham Prize for Literature 1981The White Hotel Orwell Prize 1999Alexander Solzhenitsyn: a Century in His Life |
| Spouses | 4 |
| Children | 3, includingSean |
| Website | |
| www | |
Donald Michael Thomas (25 January 1935 – 26 March 2023) was a British poet, translator, novelist, editor, biographer and playwright. His work has been translated into 30 languages.
Working primarily as a poet throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Thomas's 1981 poetry collectionDreaming in Bronze received aCholmondeley Award. He began writing novels, withThe Flute-Player (his second novel, though the first to be published) appearing in 1979. Thomas's third novelThe White Hotel won the 1981Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Fiction, the 1981Cheltenham Prize for Literature and was shortlisted for the same year'sBooker Prize, whose judges were prevented from naming it joint-winner alongsideSalman Rushdie'sMidnight's Children due to prize rules.
Between 1983 and 1990, Thomas published his "Russian Nights Quintet" of novels, beginning withArarat and concluding withSummit (inspired by a meeting betweenMikhail Gorbachev andRonald Reagan in Switzerland) andLying Together (which predicted thedissolution of the Soviet Union and the return ofAleksandr Solzhenitsyn to Russia). He then publishedFlying in to Love (which concerns theassassination of John F. Kennedy) and five other novels.Bloodaxe Books publishedThe Puberty Tree, the British edition of Thomas's "selected" poems, in 1992. This followed thePenguin Books 1983 publication ofSelected Poems, released for U.S. readers following his well-received novelThe White Hotel.
A translator from Russian into English, Thomas worked particularly onAnna Akhmatova andAlexander Pushkin, as well as onYevgeny Yevtushenko. He also wrote a biography of Solzhenitsyn, which was awarded anOrwell Prize in 1999.
Thomas was born to plasterer Harold Thomas and his wife Amy on 25 January 1935, inCarnkie, Redruth, Cornwall.[1][2] He was a descendant of miners and carpenters.[3] His father spent time living in California during the 1920s and was fond of the United States.[4][2]
Thomas attended Trewirgie Primary School between 1940 and 1945, thenRedruth Grammar School from 1946 until 1949.[1][5] In 1949, he and his family moved to the Australian city ofMelbourne.[1] Thomas spent the years between 1949 and 1951 atUniversity High School there.[1] In 1951, he returned to Carnkie and to Redruth Grammar School.[1]
HisNational Service was from 1953 until 1955, most of which he spent learning Russian.[1] He retained a lifelong interest inRussian culture andliterature. This culminated in a series of well-received translations of Russian poetry from the 1980s onwards, particularly fromAnna Akhmatova andAlexander Pushkin, as well as fromYevgeny Yevtushenko.[6] Thomas graduated withFirst Class Honours inEnglish fromNew College, Oxford, having studied there between 1955 and 1958.[1] Between 1959 and 1963 he was an English teacher at Teignmouth Grammar School.[1] From 1963 he was an English lecturer atHereford College of Education until he was maderedundant upon its closure in 1978.[1]
Thomas's first published work was a short story inThe Isis Magazine in 1959.[1] He published poetry and some prose in the British science fiction magazineNew Worlds (from 1968). Much of what he published until he was 40 years of age was poetry.[7]Two Voices, his first book, was published in 1968; it consisted of poetry.[1] Its title poem relates to science fiction/fantasy.[8]
The title poem ofLogan Stone (1971) refers to abalancing rock in Cornwall.[9]Love and Other Deaths (1975) features elegiac poems relating to family.[10]The Honeymoon Voyage (1978) was written around the time of his mother's death.[11] His mother died in 1975.[1]
The Flute-Player, the second novel Thomas wrote, was also published in 1978.[1] Inspired by Russian poetry (especially Anna Akhmatova), it was his first novel to be published and does not contain much dialogue; he had earlier writtenBirthstone.[12]Birthstone was published in 1980; it is the only one of Thomas's novels to feature his native Cornwall and to deploy instances of Cornish speech.[13] There is also sex, suspenders andpsychoanalysis; theLondon Review of Books described it as "Fantasy asFreud envisaged it, powerful enough to counter reality, working like free association and allowing the unconscious to take over".[13]Dreaming in Bronze, Thomas's 1981 poetry collection, secured for him aCholmondeley Award.[14]
However, the work that made him famous was not poetry; it was his erotic and somewhat fantastical novelThe White Hotel (1981), the story of a woman undergoing psychoanalysis, which proved very popular incontinental Europe and the United States.[15] It was shortlisted for the 1981Booker Prize,[16] coming a close second, according to one of the judges,[17] to the winner,Salman Rushdie'sMidnight's Children.[18] Thomas stated in an interview on BBC Radio Cornwall in 2015 that the Booker judges wanted to split the prize between himself and Rushdie, but that the Board informed them that the rules would not permit this,[19] although the rules were indeed changed in this respect the following year. It has also elicited considerable controversy, as some of its passages are taken fromAnatoly Kuznetsov'sBabi Yar, a novel aboutthe Holocaust. In general, however, Thomas's use of such "composite material" (material taken from other sources and imitations of other writers) is seen as morepostmodern thanplagiarist.[20]Graham Greene selectedThe White Hotel for his "Books of the Year".[21]William Golding also selectedThe White Hotel as his Book of the Year for 1981.[22] Thomas wrote the book during asabbatical at New College, Oxford in 1978–79.[1] He wrote some of it inHereford, where he was living and used two typewriters, one in each city.[23] It was translated into 30 languages.[24]
Follow-up novelArarat, published in 1983, was the first of a series concerning theSoviet Union, referred to as the Russian Nights Quintet;[25][26] it was inspired by Thomas's reading of Pushkin and a review of an Armenian poetry anthology whichThe Times Literary Supplement asked him to write.[25] It was followed bySwallow (1984),[26]Sphinx (1986)[27]Summit (1987)[28] andLying Together (1990).[29]Summit was inspired by a meeting betweenMikhail Gorbachev andRonald Reagan in Switzerland, whileLying Together predicted thedissolution of the Soviet Union and the return ofAleksandr Solzhenitsyn to Russia.[28][29]
Thomas's 1992 novelFlying in to Love concerns theassassination of John F. Kennedy (the "Love" in the title refers toDallas Love Field airport, where Kennedy had landed that morning), as well as the death of his own father in 1960.[2] His 1993 novelPictures at an Exhibition allowed Thomas to mix his interests in Freud,Nazism and the Holocaust.[30] Its writing was set off by Thomas's attendance at afeminist exhibition, specifically its treatment of theEdvard Munch compositionMadonna; writing in theSunday Independent, critic and journalistClare Boylan describedPictures at an Exhibition as "a compulsive page-turner".[30] Thomas's 1994 novelEating Pavlova is set in London in September 1940 and concerns Freud as he dies;The New York Times described it as "the most devious and tragically generous Freud ever envisioned".[31]
His 1998 biographyAlexander Solzhenitsyn: a Century in His Life was awarded anOrwell Prize in 1999.[32]
Thomas's 2004 poetry collectionDear Shadows is inspired by photography and its title is a reference to Yeats.[4] His 2006 poetry collectionNot Saying Everything is a tribute to his second wife, Denise (whom Thomas described as hisMuse), following her death from cancer in 1998.[33]Unknown Shores, a collection released in 2009, consists of all of Thomas's poetry relating to science fiction.[34]
Reluctant for many years to reread his own novels, he eventually did so in October 2010 and concluded that his "strongest" novels are:The White Hotel (1981),Ararat (1983),Flying in to Love (1992),Pictures at an Exhibition (1993),Eating Pavlova (1994) andThe Flute-Player (1979).[35]
His fourteenth novel (and his first in fourteen years),Hunters in the Snow appeared in 2014 and takesVienna ahead of theFirst World War as its setting.[36]
Thomas wrote reviews forThe Times Literary Supplement.[25][37] He was one of the last people to seeWilliam Golding, theNobel laureate, alive. Thomas visited Golding's house inPerranarworthal as a guest one evening in June 1993; he was the last person unrelated to Golding to leave, doing so around half an hour before Golding collapsed and died whilst preparing to go to bed.[38][22] Thomas blamed himself for Golding's death and wondered if it would have happened if he had left earlier, with the other guests.[38][22]
[35]Thomas had 14 novels published between 1979 and 2014. The following books form a series known as the Russian Nights Quintet:[26]Ararat (1983),Swallow (1984),Sphinx (1986)Summit (1987) andLying Together (1990).[25][27][28][29]
Thomas married on four occasions and fathered three children from the first two of those marriages.[1] He married his first wife, Maureen Skewes, in 1958.[1] He had a daughter (born 1960) and a son,Sean (born 1963), with her.[1] He married Denise Aldred in 1976 and their son was born the following year; she would die (of cancer)[33] in 1998, with the three of them having moved toTruro in 1987.[1] He married Victoria Field in 1998 and Angela Embree in 2005.[1]
As well as the Russians Pushkin and Akhmatova, Thomas listed his favourite poets asRobert Frost,William Shakespeare,W. B. Yeats,Charles Causley andEmily Dickinson.[1] His musical interests includedJean Sibelius,Sergei Rachmaninoff andElgar; his favourite painter wasJohannes Vermeer, his second favourite,Edvard Munch.[1][43]
Thomas died at his home in Truro on 26 March 2023, at the age of 88.[63][64]
I'm Cornish, and very proud of it. It's where I live now.
I didn't take the hint; I was enjoying myself too much. I started to sing, as I often do when I'm drunk and at ease... There were uneasy smiles, and I realised it was time to leave. One o'clock. I staggered out to my car, and saw them standing outside waving as I drove erratically away, seeing double... Golding had died at about 1.30am, while getting ready for bed, of a massive heart attack. I thought, My God, I've killed him! Keeping him up too late and causing him to drink too much... I wrote to his daughter expressing those fears... It was an enviable departure. I feel privileged to have had a share in it; and I still treasure the last writing of William Golding – his phone number.Saturday 10 June 2006 (Review Section).
In 1978, the poet, translator and novelist D. M. Thomas drew a useful distinction between twentieth-century English and Russian poetry in a TLS review of a collection of poems by Osip Mandelstam.
'The movie-making business is like sex', according to DM Thomas, the Cornish novelist... He thinks a late night of his drinking and singing may have caused William Golding to die the next day.
I love the cover, a magnificent painting called 'Picture' by Munch --my second favourite painter after Vermeer.
