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| Korean writing systems |
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| Hangul |
| Hanja |
| Mixed script |
| Braille |
| Transcription |
| Transliteration |
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TheCyrillization of Korean is thetranscribing andtransliterating theKorean language into theCyrillic alphabet. The main cyrillization system in use is the Kontsevich system (Russian:Систе́ма Конце́вича,romanized:Sistema Kontsevicha,IPA:[sʲɪˈsʲtʲeməkɐnˈt͡sɛvʲɪt͡ɕə]). The Kontsevich system was created by theSoviet-Russian scholarLev Kontsevich (Russian:Лев Конце́вич,IPA:[lɐnˈtsɛvʲɪtɕ]) in the 1950s based on the earlier transliteration system designed byAleksandr Kholodovich [ru] (Russian:Алекса́ндр Холодо́вич,IPA:[ɐlʲɪkˈsandrxəlɐˈdovʲɪtɕ]). As a consequence of theCold War, a Latin-script variant of the Kontsevich system is used in the states of the formerWarsaw Pact (for example, inPolish andCzech)[citation needed], whileSerbian andMacedonian follow a Cyrillization system based onMcCune–Reischauer romanization owing to theSocialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia being a non-aligned state outside the Soviet bloc.
Cyrillization systems for Korean were developed domestically in bothNorth Korea (where it has been proposed to replace the current script in the past) andSouth Korea; Kontsevich carried out work on the systemization of these rules. In contrast with some systems ofRomanization of Korean, the transcription is based primarily on the pronunciation of a word, rather than on its spelling.
| Hangul | ㄱ | ㄴ | ㄷ | ㄹ | ㅁ | ㅂ | ㅅ | ㅈ | ㅊ | ㅋ | ㅌ | ㅍ | ㅎ | ㄲ | ㄸ | ㅃ | ㅆ | ㅉ | ㅇ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyrillic | к | н | т | р | м | п | с | ч | чх | кх | тх | пх | х | кк | тт | пп | сс | чч | – |
| McCune–Reischauer | k | n | t | r | m | p | s | ch | ch' | k' | t' | p' | h | kk | tt | pp | ss | tch | – |
| Revised Romanization | g | n | d | r | m | b | s | j | ch | k | t | p | h | kk | tt | pp | ss | jj | – |
| Hangul | ㄱ | ㄴ | ㄷ | ㄹ | ㅁ | ㅂ | ㅅ | ㅈ | ㅊ | ㅋ | ㅌ | ㅍ | ㅎ | ㄲ | ㄸ | ㅃ | ㅆ | ㅉ | ㅇ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyrillic | к | н | т | ль | м | п | т | т | т | к | т | п | т | к | – | – | т | – | нъ |
| McCune–Reischauer | k | n | t | l | m | p | t | t | t | k | t | p | t | k | – | – | t | – | ng |
| Revised Romanization | k | n | t | l | m | p | t | t | t | k | t | p | t | k | – | – | t | – | ng |
Some letters are transcribed differently in the middle of a word when following certain other letters.
Next initial Previous ending | ㄱ | ㄴ | ㄷ | ㄹ | ㅁ | ㅂ | ㅅ | ㅈ | ㅊ | ㅋ | ㅌ | ㅍ | ㅎ | ㅇ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| к | н | т | р | м | п | с | ч | чх | кх | тх | пх | х | – | ||
| ㄱ | к | кк | нн | кт | нн | нм | кп | кс | кч | кчх | ккх | ктх | кпх | кх | г |
| ㄴ | н | нг | нн | нд | лл | нм | нб | нс | ндж | нчх | нкх | нтх | нпх | нх | н |
| ㄹ | ль | льг | лл | льтт | лл | льм | льб | льсс | льчч | льчх | лькх | льтх | льпх | рх | р |
| ㅁ | м | мг | мн | мд | мн | мм | мб | мс | мдж | мчх | мкх | мтх | мпх | мх | м |
| ㅂ | п | пк | мн | пт | мн | мм | пп | пс | пч | пчх | пкх | птх | ппх | пх | б |
| ㅇ | нъ | нг | нн | нд | нн | нм | нб | нс | ндж | нчх | нкх | нтх | нпх | нх | нъ |
| Hangul | ㅏ | ㅑ | ㅓ | ㅕ | ㅗ | ㅛ | ㅜ | ㅠ | ㅡ | ㅣ | ㅐ | ㅒ | ㅔ | ㅖ | ㅚ | ㅟ | ㅢ | ㅘ | ㅝ | ㅙ | ㅞ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyrillic | а | я | о | ё | о | ё | у | ю | ы | и | э | йя | е | йе/ -е | ве | ви | ый/ -и | ва | во | вэ | ве |
| McCune–Reischauer | a | ya | ŏ | yŏ | o | yo | u | yu | ŭ | i | ae | yae | e/ -ë | ye | oe | wi | ŭi | wa | wŏ | wae | we |
| Revised Romanization | a | ya | eo | yeo | o | yo | u | yu | eu | i | ae | yae | e | ye | oe | wi | ui | wa | wo | wae | we |
| English | Hangul (Hanja) | RR (RR transliteration in parentheses) | Kontsevich (Latin transliteration in parentheses) |
|---|---|---|---|
| wall | 벽 (壁) | byeok (byeog) | пёк (pyok) |
| on the wall | 벽에 | byeoge (byeog-e) | пёге (pyoge) |
| outside (uninflected) | 밖 | bak (bakk) | пак (pak) |
| outside | 밖에 | bakke (bakk-e) | пакке (pakke) |
| kitchen | 부엌 | bueok (bueok) | пуок (puok) |
| to the kitchen | 부엌에 | bueoke (bueok-e) | пуокхе (puokhe) |
| Wikipedia | 위키백과 | wikibaekgwa (wikibaeggwa) | викхибэкква (vikhibèkkva) |
| Hangul | 한글 | hangeulorhan-geul (han-geul) | хангыль (hangyl') |
| Hanja | 한자 (漢字) | hanja (han-ja) | ханчча (hanchcha) |
| character, letter | 글자 (㐎字) | geulja (geul-ja) | кыльчча (kyl'chcha) |
| easy | 쉬운 | swiun (swiun) | свиун (sviun) |
| Four seasons are distinct. | 사계절(四季節)이 뚜렷하다. | Sagyejeori tturyeotada. (Sa-gye-jeol-i ttu-lyeos-ha-da.) | Сагеджори ттурётхада. (Sagedzhori tturyothada) |
| Justcheck the line color and width you want. | 원(願)하시는 선(線) 색(色)깔과 굵기에 체크하시면 됩니다. | Wonhasineun seon saekkkalgwa gulgie chekeuhasimyeon doemnida. (Won-ha-si-neun seon saeg-kkal-gwa gulg-gi-e che-keu-ha-si-myeon doeb-ni-da.) | Вонхасинын сон сэкккальгва кульккие чхекхыхасимён твемнида. (Vonhasinyn son sèkkal'gva kul'kkie chhekhyhasimyon tvemnida.) |
| Republic of Korea | 대한민국 (大韓民國) | Daehan Minguk (Dae-han Min-gug) | Тэхан Мингук (Dèkhan Minguk) |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 조선민주주의인민공화국 (朝鮮民主主義人民共和國) | Joseon Minjujuui Inmin Gonghwaguk (Jo-seon Min-ju-ju-ui In-min Gong-hwa-gug) | Чосон Минджуджуый Инмин Конхвагук (Choson Mindzhudzhuyy Inmin Konhvaguk) |
Korean personal names are written byfamily name first, followed by a space and then thegiven name. As a rule, syllables in given names are not separated.
Italics indicate that the language no longer uses Cyrillic | |||||||||||||||||
| Cyrillic alphabets |
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| Cyrillization of | |||||||||||||||||
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