Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Cursive forms of the International Phonetic Alphabet

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Deprecated cursive forms of IPA symbols
This article containsphonetic transcriptions in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

Early specifications for theInternational Phonetic Alphabet includedcursive forms of the letters designed for use in manuscripts and when taking field notes. However, the 1999Handbook of the International Phonetic Association said:

There are cursive forms of IPA symbols, but it is doubtful if these are much in use today. They may have been of greater use when transcription by hand was the only way of recording speech, and so speed was essential. The cursive forms are harder for most people to decipher, and it is preferable to use handwritten versions which closely copy the printed form of the symbols.[1]

Development

[edit]
The cursive forms of the IPA presented in the 1912 edition ofThe principles of the International Phonetic Association. Two of these letters areobsolete: ⟨ǥ⟩ is now ⟨ɣ⟩, and ⟨ꜰ⟩ is now ⟨ɸ⟩.
The cursive forms of the IPA presented in the 1949 edition.Hover over the image to see modern printed letters. Click on any letter for a link to the corresponding article.

Example

[edit]

The following passage is from the 1912 handbook:

The North Wind and the Sun spoken in 'Northern English'
IPAOrthography

ðənɔrθwindændðəsʌnwərdispjuːtiŋ
hwitʃwɔzðəstrɔŋɡərhwɛnətrævələrkeːməlɔŋ
ræptinəwɔrmkloːk.ðeːəɡriːdðətðəwʌnhuːfərst
meːdðətrævələrteːkɔfhizkloːkʃudbikonsidərd
strɔŋɡərðænðiʌðər.ðɛnðənɔrθwindbluːwiðɔːl
hizmait,bʌtðəmɔrhiːbluːðəmɔrkloːslididðə
trævələrfoːldhizkloːkəraundhim;ændætlɑstðənɔrθ
windɡeːvʌpðiətɛmpt.ðɛnðəsʌnʃɔnautwɔrmli,ænd
imiːdjətliðətrævələrtukɔfhizkloːk;ændsoːðənɔrθwind
wɔzoblaidʒdtukonfɛsðætðəsʌnwɔzðəstrɔŋɡərɔvðətuː.

The North Wind and the Sun were disputing
which was the stronger when a traveller came along
wrapped in a warm cloak. They agreed that the one who first
made the traveller take off his cloak should be considered
stronger than the other. Then the North Wind blew with all
his might, but the more he blew the more closely did the
traveller fold his cloak around him; and at last the North
Wind gave up the attempt. Then the Sun shone out warmly, and
immediately the traveller took off his cloak; and so the North Wind
was obliged to confess that the Sun was the stronger of the two.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^International Phonetic Association (1999).Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge University Press. p. 31.ISBN 978-0-52163751-0.
IPA topics
IPA
Special topics
Encodings
Pulmonic consonants
Place →LabialCoronalDorsalLaryngeal
Manner ↓Bi­labialLabio­dentalLinguo­labialDentalAlveolarPost­alveolarRetro­flexPalatalVelarUvularPharyn­geal/epi­glottalGlottal
Nasalm̥mɱ̊ɱn̼n̪̊n̪n̥nn̠̊n̠ɳ̊ɳɲ̊ɲŋ̊ŋɴ̥ɴ
Plosivepbp̪b̪t̼d̼t̪d̪tdʈɖcɟkɡqɢʡʔ
Sibilantaffricatet̪s̪d̪z̪tsdzt̠ʃd̠ʒtʂdʐtɕdʑ
Non-sibilant affricatepɸbβp̪fb̪vt̪θd̪ðtɹ̝̊dɹ̝t̠ɹ̠̊˔d̠ɹ̠˔cçɟʝkxɡɣqχɢʁʡʜʡʢʔh
Sibilantfricatives̪z̪szʃʒʂʐɕʑ
Non-sibilant fricativeɸβfvθ̼ð̼θðθ̠ð̠ɹ̠̊˔ɹ̠˔ɻ̊˔ɻ˔çʝxɣχʁħʕhɦ
Approximantβ̞ʋð̞ɹɹ̠ɻjɰʁ̞ʔ̞
Tap/flapⱱ̟ⱱɾ̼ɾ̥ɾɽ̊ɽɢ̆ʡ̮
Trillʙ̥ʙr̥rr̠ɽ̊r̥ɽrʀ̥ʀʜʢ
Lateral affricatetɬdɮtꞎd𝼅c𝼆ɟʎ̝k𝼄ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricativeɬ̪ɬɮꞎ𝼅𝼆ʎ̝𝼄ʟ̝
Lateral approximantl̪l̥ll̠ɭ̊ɭʎ̥ʎʟ̥ʟʟ̠
Lateral tap/flapɺ̥ɺ𝼈̊𝼈ʎ̮ʟ̆

Symbols to the right in a cell arevoiced, to the left arevoiceless.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Other
Types ofhandwritten Europeanscripts
Ancient
and medieval
Modern
Teaching scripts
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cursive_forms_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet&oldid=1149790222"
Categories:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp