TheUnited Nations has been criticized for a variety of reasons, including its policies, ideology, equality of representation, administration, ability to enforce rulings, and ideological bias.

Often cited points of criticism include a perceived lack of the body's efficacy (including a total lack of efficacy in both pre-emptive measures and de-escalation of existing conflicts which have ranged from social disputes to all-out wars),discrimination,appeasement,collusion, promotion ofglobalism,inaction, abuse of power by nations exerting general control over theGeneral Assembly,corruption and misappropriation of resources.

A number of decisions by the United Nations are seen as failures to prevent armed conflicts and enforce theCharter of the United Nations.

In 2004, former Israeli ambassador to the UNDore Gold published a book calledTower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos. The book argued that the organization's approach to issues like genocide and terrorism showed a lack of consistent moral clarity, which occurred between the moral clarity of its founding period and the present.

The UN General Assembly decided to hold a moment of silence in honor of North Korean dictatorKim Jong-il followinghis death in 2011. Western diplomats criticized the decision. An official at the Czech Republic's UN mission said the Czechs did not request a similar moment of silence forVáclav Havel, the playwright-turned-dissident who died a day after Kim.^[1]

Some critics of the UN have expressed concerns that it may affect national sovereignty and promote globalism:

• In the United States, theJohn Birch Society was an early opponent of the United Nations. One of the first public activities of the Society was a "Get US Out!" (of membership in theUN) campaign, which claimed in 1959 that the "Real nature of [the] UN is to build aOne World Government".^[2] In subsequent years, the JBS continued campaigning against U.S. membership in the UN.^[3][4]
• Charles de Gaulle of France criticized the UN, famously calling itle machin ('the thing'). He was not convinced that a global security alliance would help in maintaining world peace, preferring direct defense treaties between countries.^[5]
• TheAmerican Sovereignty Restoration Act has been introduced multiple times in theUnited States Congress. In its first year, it had 54 supporters in the House.^[6] The 2007 version of the bill (H.R. 1146) was authored byU.S. RepresentativeRon Paul,Republican of the14th district ofTexas, to effect U.S. withdrawal from the United Nations. It would repeal various laws pertaining to the UN, terminate authorization for funds to be spent on the UN, terminate UN presence on U.S. property, and withdraw diplomatic immunity for UN employees.^[7] It would provide up to two years for the U.S. to withdraw.^[8] TheYale Law Journal cited the Act as proof that "the United States's complaints against the United Nations have intensified."^[9] The most recent iteration, as of 2022, is H.R.7806, introduced by Rep.Mike D. Rogers.^[10]
• Americanstate lawmakers have proposed legislation to block various UN programs deemed to threaten U.S. sovereignty.^[11] In 2023,Tennessee enacted legislation to block the implementation of programs “originating in, or traceable to, the United Nations or a subsidiary entity of the United Nations,” includingAgenda 21 andthe 2030 Agenda.^[12][13]

Some American conservative activists have argued that theUnited Nations Population Fund provides support for government programs that promoteforced abortions andcoercive sterilizations.^[14][15] In response to these allegations, theU.S. Congress passed the Kemp-Kasten amendment in 1985 to empower the president to block U.S. funding of programs deemed by the president to include "coercive abortion or involuntary sterilization".^[14][16] Since its passage, allRepublican presidents (Reagan,H.W. Bush,W. Bush, andTrump) have withheld funding from the UNFPA – a policy known as theMexico City policy.^[16][17][18]

The UNFPA provided aid to Peru's population control program in the 1990s, during which time it was discovered the Peruvian program had been engaged in carrying out coercive sterilizations. The UNFPA was not found directly involved in the scandal but continued to fund and work with the population control program after the abuses had become public.^[19] The issue played a role in the Bush administration's decision in 2002 to cut off funding for the organization.^[20]

In their 2003 bookGlobalizing Family Values, Doris Buss and Didi Herman addressChristian right views of the United Nations as "an institution dominated by radical feminists, gay activists, and anti-Christian forces generally."^[21] Buss and Herman refer to the UN as the Christian right's "most important international, institutional enemy", noting its depiction in right-wing Protestant media as an organization run byglobalists, under the control of theAntichrist, aiming to disrupt Christian values and establish aNew World Order.^[22]

There has been criticism that thefive permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (China,France,Russia, theUnited Kingdom, and theUnited States), who are all nuclear powers, have created an exclusivenuclear club whose powers are unchecked.^{[citation needed]} Unlike theGeneral Assembly, the United Nations Security Council does not have true international representation.^{[citation needed]} This has led to accusations that the UNSC only addresses the strategic interests and political motives of the permanent members, especially inhumanitarian interventions: for example,protecting the oil-richKuwaitis in 1991, butpoorly protecting resource-poorRwandans in 1994.^[23][24]

Any country may be elected to serve a temporary term on the Security Council, but critics have suggested that this is inadequate. Rather, they argue, the number of permanent members should be expanded to include non-nuclear powers, which would democratize the organization.^[25] Still other countries have advocated abolishing the concept of permanency altogether; under the government ofPaul Martin,Canada advocated this approach.^[26] One of the main criticisms belongs to Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. He has expressed his objection to the UN Security Council's permanent membership system with the motto "The world is bigger than five."^[27]

Another criticism of the Security Council involves theveto power of the five permanent members. As it stands, a veto from any of the permanent members can halt any possible action the Council may take. One country's objection, rather than the opinions of a majority of countries, may cripple any possible UN armed or diplomatic response to a crisis.As part of the Soviet Union, Russia vetoed 90 resolutions between 1949 and 1991. As of July 2019, the Soviet Union and Russia vetoed 141 times, United States 83 times, UK 32 times, France 18 times, and China 14 times.^[28]John J. Mearsheimer noted that "since 1982, the US has vetoed 32 Security Council resolutions critical ofIsrael, more than the total number of vetoes cast by all the other Security Council members."^[29] Since candidates for the Security Council are proposed by regional blocs, theArab League and its allies are usually included but Israel, which joined the UN in 1949,has never been elected to the Security Council. The Council has repeatedlycondemned Israel, but has never managed to pass any significant interventional actions against the country, especially regarding its part in theIsraeli-Palestinian conflict.^[30] On the other hand, critics contend that, while Israel has the United States to rely on to veto any pertinent legislation against it, the Palestinians lack any such power. Apart from the US, several resolutions have been vetoed by Russia, notably attempts to impose sanctions onSyria during theSyrian Civil War and to condemn Russia's ownannexation ofCrimea in 2014. In the case of the latter, Russia's lone veto overruled the thirteen other votes in favor of the condemnation.^[31] Russia vetoed a UN resolution condemning the USSR's shooting down ofKorean Air Lines Flight 007 in 1983. The veto has been singled out as a threat to human rights, withAmnesty International claiming that the five permanent members had used their veto to "promote their political self-interest or geopolitical interest above the interest of protecting civilians." As of 2014, Amnesty International has suggested that a solution would involve the five permanent members surrendering their veto on issues of genocide.^[32] Some see the fact that veto power is exclusive to the permanent five as being anachronistic and unjust, given that the United Nations is meant to equally represent all its member states. Aside from criticism directed towards its biased nature, others have pointed out that the veto makes it difficult for the Security Council to solve issues. While addressing the UN General Assembly on the Russian annexation of Crimea,Ukrainian PresidentPetro Poroshenko said the following regarding the inefficiency of the veto "In every democratic country, if someone has stolen your property, an independent court will restore justice, in order to protect your rights, and punish the offender. However, we must recognize that in the 21st century our organization lacks an effective instrument to bring to justice an aggressor country that has stolen the territory of another sovereign state."^[33]

The practice of the permanent members meeting privately and then presenting their resolutions to the full council as afait accompli has also drawn criticism; according toErskine Barton Childers, "the vast majority of members – North as well as South – have made very clear...their distaste for the way three Western powers [the UK, US, and France] behave in the Council, like a private club of hereditary elite-members who secretly come to decisions and then emerge to tell the grubby elected members that they may now rubber-stamp those decisions."^[34]

The United Nations has received some criticism in its gender-inclusivity and its reception of feminist viewpoints. While at the large scale the UN provides outlets and aid to women throughUN Women and theSustainable Development Goals, the reality is that the UN is still very male-dominated. While it has achievedgender parity in its employees at the two lowest levels of responsibility (P-1 and P-2^[35]), equal representation has not yet been achieved at any levels higher than these. Senior leadership as of 2015 was made up of 78% men, and parity is not expected for another 112 years based on current trends.^[36] Both the percentage of appointments made and the likelihood and speed at which employees are promoted mirror the trend above; parity achieved at low levels while at the D-2 level women see roughly a quarter of what their male counterparts do.^[37]

One reason attributed with the slow progress is that there are no methods to hold the UN accountable to its proposed changes due to its size and the different approaches taken within the different subsidiaries of the organization.^[38]

Other critics object to the idea that the UN is a democratic organization, saying that it represents the interests of the governments of the countries who form it and not necessarily the individuals within those countries.World federalist Dieter Heinrich points out that the powerful Security Council system does not have distinctions between thelegislative,executive, andjudiciary branches: theUnited Nations Charter gives all three powers to the Security Council.^[39]

One idea that has been put forward to address this is theUnited Nations Parliamentary Assembly, which was originally proposed in 1920, but has never been implemented.

In a 2014 interview,Yigal Palmor, former spokesman of theIsraeliMinistry of Foreign Affairs, complained that theregional group structure of the UN prevented Israel from participating in theUnited Nations System. Palmor argued that Israel should belong to theAsia-Pacific Group but was excluded due to objections from Arab countries in the region, and that its exclusion has hampered its ability to adequately pursue its interests within the United Nations.^[40] Israel became part of theWestern European and Others Group on a temporary basis in 2000, gaining permanency status in 2014.^[41][42]

According to a study by Ilyana Kuziemko and Eric Werker, there is a strong connection between the distribution offoreign aid payments and rotating membership of theUnited Nations Security Council. Regarding the US foreign aid expenditure, ODA (Official Development Assistance)—receiving countries which hold a rotating seat of the UNSC experience on average a rise of 59% in payments ($16 million); concerning financial support from theUnited Nations, an increase of 8% ($1 million) is being detected. This rise in payments does however not apply the whole time: Kuziemko and Werker used a "New York Times"-Index to differentiate between important and unimportant years. The more the UN and the UNSC were mentioned inThe New York Times, the more important the year was considered. TheKorean War in the early 1950s, theCongo War in the early 1960s, and the numerouspeacekeeping missions in the 1990s were decisive events. During unimportant and medium important years, ODA-receiving countries with a seat in the UNSC did not experience a significant rise in aid payments. During important years however, an increase of 170% could be detected ($16 million more). Regarding UN payments, the difference also exists, but is not as high (53% more financial support or $8 million during important years). One of the reasons could be that it is easier for the US to quickly distribute money, while aid payments of the United Nations mean a lot of bureaucracy beforehand.

Kuziemko and Werker believe that this increase in payments does not happen because the ODA-receiving countries on the security council are able to use the chance and raise awareness for their problems. As soon as the country's time in council is over, the financial aid drops to the level prior to the time serving on the United Nations Security Council. However, the financial aid payments are noted to have already risen the year before the two-year term on the UNSC.

The increase of aid payments is especially high regarding financial support by theUnited Nations Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF). During years with a high importance measured by the "New-York-Times"- Index, UNICEF offers 63% more funds to ODA-receiving countries serving on the UNSC than before they had a seat. Kuziemko and Werker argue that since its founding in 1947, the head of UNICEF has always held US citizenship. Therefore, the executive directors may be the long arm of the US government and pursue the interest of the United States through UNICEF. A similar, although not as significant increase can be seen regarding the distribution of aid payments throughUNDP.

It is impossible though to say if the increase of foreign aid payments by the US or by the UN have changed receiving countries' voting behavior, as they would never admit being open for bribery.^[43]

The Human Rights Council has been subject to controversy due to the role non-democratic states play in it, with only 30% of the countries within it as of 2023 being classified as free by the think tank Freedom House.^[44] That same year, Iran was chosen to chair the Human Rights Council's Social Forum, drawing condemnations from 26 human rights groups due to the killings of protesters by security forces during theMahsa Amini protests.^[45] Similar statements were made by the United States' Iranian embassy.^[46]

In 2024, the UN's Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) appointed Saudi Arabia to chair its 69th session in 2025, stirring controversy among women's rights advocates.^[47] Amnesty International condemned the decision, citing the country's "abysmal record when it comes to protecting and promoting the rights of women".^[48]

Some have questioned whether the UN might be relevant in the 21st century.^[49]While the UN's first and second Charter mandates require the UN: "To maintain international peace and security.... (and if necessary to enforce the peace by) taking preventive or enforcement action,"^[50]due to its restrictive administrative structure, the permanent members of the Security Council themselves have sometimes prevented the UN from fully carrying out its first two mandates.^[51]Without the unanimous approval, support (or minimally abstention) of all five of the permanent members of the UN's Security Council, the UN's charter only enables it to "observe", report on, and make recommendations regarding international conflicts.^{[citation needed]} Such unanimity on the Security Council regarding the authorization of armed UN enforcement actions has not always been reached in time to prevent the outbreak of international wars.^[51]

In 1962, UN secretary generalU Thant provided valuable assistance and took a great deal of time, energy and initiative as the primary negotiator betweenNikita Khrushchev andJohn F. Kennedy during theCuban Missile Crisis, thus providing a critical link in the prevention of anuclear war at that time.^[52]A 2005RAND Corporation study found the UN to be successful in two out of three peacekeeping efforts. It compared UN nation-building efforts to those of the United States, and found that seven out of eight UN cases are at peace, as opposed to four out of eight US cases at peace.^[53]Also in 2005, theHuman Security Report documented a decline in the number of wars, genocides and human rights abuses since the end of theCold War, and presented evidence, albeit circumstantial, that international activism – mostly spearheaded by the UN – has been the main cause of the decline in armed conflict since the end of the Cold War or due to the fact the US and USSR were no longer pumping up oppressive governments after the Cold war ended.^[54]

Thebureaucratic dimension of the UN has been a cause for frustration with the organization. In 1994, formerSpecial Representative of the Secretary-General of the UN toSomaliaMohamed Sahnoun published "Somalia: The Missed Opportunities",^[55] a book in which he analyses the reasons for the failure of the1992 UN intervention in Somalia; he shows in particular that, between the start of theSomali Civil War in 1988 and the fall of theSiad Barre regime in January 1991, the United Nations missed at least three opportunities to prevent major human tragedies. When the UN tried to provide humanitarian assistance, they were totally outperformed by NGOs, whose competence and dedication sharply contrasted with the United Nations' bureaucratic inefficiencies and excessive caution (most UN envoys to Somalia operating from the safety of their desks inNairobi rather than visiting clan leaders in the field). If sweeping reform was not undertaken, warned Mohamed Sahnoun, then the United Nations would continue to respond to such crisis in a climate of inept improvisation.^[56]

Critics and even proponents of the United Nations have noted that in most high-profile cases, there are essentially no consequences for violating a Security Council resolution.^{[citation needed]} An early example of this was theBangladesh Liberation War and the1971 Bangladesh genocide committed by thePakistan Army onBangladeshis. Critics of the UN argued that the UN was completely ineffective in preventing the genocide,^[57] and thatmilitary intervention by India was the only thing to stop the mass murder.^[58] Another such case occurred in theSrebrenica massacre where Serbian troops committed a massacre against Bosnian Muslims in the largest case of mass murder on the European continent sinceWorld War II.Srebrenica had been declared UN a "safe area" and was even protected by 400 armed Dutch peacekeepers, but the UN forces did nothing to prevent the massacre.^{[citation needed]} In the 21st century, the most prominent and dramatic example is theWar in Darfur, in whichArabJanjaweed militias, supported by theSudanese government, committed repeated acts ofethnic cleansing andgenocide against the indigenous population. As of 2013, an estimated 300,000 civilians have been killed in what is the largest case of mass murder in the history of the region, yet the UN has continuously failed to act against this severe and ongoinghuman rights issue.^{[citation needed]} At the 68th Session of the UN General Assembly, New Zealand Prime MinisterJohn Key heavily criticized the UN's inaction onSyria, more than two years after theSyrian Civil War began.^[59]

In 1967,Richard Nixon, while running for President of the United States, criticized the UN as "obsolete and inadequate" for dealing with then-present crises like theCold War.^[60]Jeane Kirkpatrick, who was appointed byRonald Reagan to beUnited States Ambassador to the United Nations, wrote in a 1983 opinion piece inThe New York Times that the process of discussions at the Security Council "more closely resembles a mugging" of the United States "than either a political debate or an effort at problem-solving."^[61]

Issues relating to the state of Israel,Palestine, and other aspects of theArab–Israeli conflict occupy a large amount of debate time, resolutions and resources at the United Nations. The former Secretary of State of the United States,John Kerry, has accused the U.N. Human Rights Council of focusing disproportionately on allegations of abuses by Israel,^[62] andBan Ki-moon, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, admitted that there is a biased attitude against Israel at the UN.^[63][64] Other critics such asDore Gold,Alan Dershowitz,Mark Dreyfus,Robert S. Wistrich,Alan Keyes, and theAnti-Defamation League also consider UN attention on Israel's treatment of Palestinians to be excessive.^{[65][66][67][68][69][70]} According to Wistrich, "a third of all critical resolutions passed by [the UN] Human Rights Commission during the past forty years have been directed exclusively at Israel. By way of comparison, there has not been a single resolution even mentioning the massive violations ofhuman rights in China,Russia,North Korea,Cuba,Saudi Arabia,Syria, orZimbabwe."^[71]

The adoption ofUNSCOP's recommendation to partitionPalestine by the United Nations General Assembly in 1947^[72] was one of the earliest decisions of the UN. American lawyer Alan Dershowitz claimed that, after the1948 Arab–Israeli War, the UN defined the term "refugee" as applied to Palestinian Arabs fleeing Israel in significantly broader terms than it did for refugees of other conflicts.^[73] TheUNHCR, responsible for all refugees but the Palestinians, limits refugee status only to those who fled/were dispossessed of their homes and lands; by contrast, theUNRWA, responsible for Palestinian refugees, extends refugee status to descendants of the original refugees.

In 2007,United Nations Human Rights Council presidentDoru Romulus Costea said that the UNHRC had "failed" in dealing with the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.^[74]

The UN has sponsored several peace negotiations between Israel and its neighbors, the latest being the 2002Road map for peace. The controversialUnited Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379 (1975), which determined thatZionism is a form of racism and racial discrimination, was rescinded in 1991 as one of Israel's conditions for its participation in theMadrid Peace Conference.^[75]Robert S. Wistrich commented, "on the same day Resolution 3379 was adopted, the General Assembly decided to establish the 'Committee on the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People.' With a large budget at its disposal and acting as an integral part of the United Nations, it has for more than thirty years done everything within its power to establish a Palestinian state in place of Israel."^[65]

The UN has been accused by lawyer Alan Dershowitz, human rights activistsElie Wiesel,Anne Bayefsky, andBayard Rustin, historianRobert S. Wistrich, and feministsPhyllis Chesler andSonia Johnson of toleratingantisemitic remarks within its walls.^{[65][68][76][77]} Wistrich wrote that Israeli delegates to the UN "have been treated to a sickening litany of anti-Semitic abuse at the General Assembly, in the UN Human Rights Commission, and sometimes even in the Security Council" for decades.^[65]

UN conferences throughout the 1970s and into the 1980s often passed resolutions denouncing Zionism. American politicianWilliam Lehman claimed that UN documents of the period denied the existence of theJews, the ancient history ofIsrael,the Holocaust, and the notion that Jews deserve the same rights granted to other groups.^[78] Wistrich described the 1980 World Conference of the United Nations Decade for Women in Copenhagen in his book,A Lethal Obsession:

Jewish feminists heard truly chilling comments, such as "The only good Jew is a dead Jew" and "The only way to rid the world of Zionism is to kill all the Jews." One eye-witness overheard other delegates saying that the American women's movement had a bad name because its most prominent founding figures ... were all Jewish. The feminist activist Sonia Johnson described the anti-Semitism at the Copenhagen conference as "over, wild, and irrational." ... The psychologist and author Phyllis Chesler recorded the savage response when one Jewish woman mentioned that her husband had been shot without a trial in Iraq and that she had to escape to Israel with her children. The place went wild: "Cuba si! Yankee no! PLO! PLO!" they shouted. "Israel kills babies and women. Israel must die."^[65]

Israeli and American politicians also criticized the November 1975 passage ofUnited Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379, which determined that Zionism is a form of racism.^[79][80] Many observers^[who?] noted that the resolution was passed on the thirty-seventh anniversary ofKristallnacht, apogrom viewed by historians as a prelude tothe Holocaust.^[81]

The UNWorld Conference against Racism 2001 was held in Durban, South Africa and included discussion of thesecond-class citizenry issue in Israel, among other topics.^{[82][83][84][85]} Some media observers claimed that the conference constituted a forum for world leaders to make various antisemitic statements.^[86][87] British-Canadian conservative commentatorBarbara Amiel condemned the distribution of antisemitic literature bynon-governmental organizations attending the conference, citing cartoons equating theswastika with theStar of David, flyers expressing the wish thatAdolf Hitler had killed every Jew on Earth, and copies ofThe Protocols of the Elders of Zion.^[88]Tom Lantos,Colin Powell,Chuck Schumer,Elie Wiesel,Irwin Cotler,Alan Dershowitz, andRobert S. Wistrich condemned the entire conference, calling it hateful, racist, and antisemitic.^[68][89][90]

Alice Wairimu Nderitu, the former UN Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, alleged that her contract was not renewed in November 2024 because she declined to label Israel's conduct in theGaza war agenocide. She also accused the UN of being overly focused on Israel, ignoring other humanitarian crises inUkraine andSudan. UN spokespersonStéphane Dujarric stated that Nderitu's accusations were untrue, noting that no member of theSecretary-General's cabinet, of which Nderitu was a part of, had declared the situation in Gaza a genocide.^[91]

According to Dore Gold, Alan Dershowitz, and Robert S. Wistrich, the United Nations has a long history of elevating what it calls "national liberation movements," armed groups who commit violence against civilians to achieve political goals, virtually to the status of civilians.^[68][92][93] In 1974 and again in 1988, the UN invited Yasser Arafat to address the General Assembly.^{[92][94][95][96]} Alan Dershowitz accused the UN of allowing states that sponsor terrorism to sit on the Security Council.^[97] These visits legitimized the PLO without it "having to renounce terrorism."^[98]

In July 1976,Palestinian andGerman militants hijacked anAir France plane headed fromFrance to Israel, landed it inUganda, and threatened to kill the civilian hostages. Ugandan dictatorIdi Amin provided sanctuary for the militants in theEntebbe airport. After Israelraided the Ugandan airport and rescued most of the hostages, United Nations Secretary-GeneralKurt Waldheim condemned Israel for the violation of "Ugandan sovereignty."^[99]

Alan Dershowitz stated that whileTibetan people,Kurds, andTurkish Armenians all desire "national liberation," the United Nations has only officially recognized Palestinian claims to "national liberation" and allows representatives of the Palestinian cause to speak at the UN.^[100] The difference between the three groups, according to Alan Dershowitz, and the Palestinians is that the Palestinians use terrorism as a tactic for getting their voice heard, while the Tibetans and Turkish Armenians do not.^[100] The UN, according to Dershowitz, favors "national liberation" groups who practice terrorism above those who do not, including those people who have been under more brutal occupation for a longer time (such as Tibetans). Dershowitz has accused the UN of allowing itsrefugee camps in thePalestinian territories to be used as terrorist bases.^[68]

A review of UN action during the final months of theSri Lankan Civil War in 2009, in which tens of thousands of people were killed, criticized the UN leadership,United Nations Security Council and top UN officials in Sri Lanka. UN staff were afraid to publicize widespread killings, top UN leaders did not intervene and the 15-member Security Council did not give "clear" orders to protect civilians, said the report.^[101]

The review, led by former UN officialCharles Petrie, said senior UN staff in Sri Lanka were afraid to highlight deaths because they feared it would put at risk humanitarian access to the hundreds of thousands of civilians in the region. UN staff in Sri Lanka and New York failed to "confront" the government about obstacles to humanitarian assistance and were unwilling to "address government responsibility for attacks that were killing civilians." Rights groups have given a toll of up to 40,000 dead with most killed in army shelling.^[101]

The report said UN headquarters' talks with the 193 member states "were heavily influenced by what it perceived member states wanted to hear, rather than what member states needed to know if they were to respond." Turning to the Security Council, the report said the body had been "deeply ambivalent" about putting Sri Lanka on its conflict agenda.^[101]

Philippe Bolopion, UN director forHuman Rights Watch, said the report highlighted a "dereliction of duty" and was "a call to action and reform for the entire UN system."^[101]

In 1971,Republic of China (Taiwan) was forced to give up its seat at the UN to thePeople's Republic of China viaUnited Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758. The self-governed island of 23 million was barred from the United Nations and affiliated bodies like the World Health Organization while its Olympic athletes are forced to compete under the banner ofChinese Taipei. The UN recognizes and abides by theOne-China Policy, which states that there is only one China and Taiwan is part of it. This has created a diplomatic gap between Taiwan and the rest of the world because the People's Republic of China does not havede facto control of Taiwan. Taiwan's United Nations Task Force director, Joanne Ou, has stated that "The United Nations talks about justice and human rights, yet they pretend we don't exist. It's humiliating, ridiculous and childish."^[102]

In the bookSnakes in Suits, a study ofpsychopaths in the workplace, Babiak and Hare write that corruption appears to be endemic at the UN:

There are few organizations in the Western world that could survive with the allegations of mismanagement, scandal, and corruption that permeate the United Nations. For many delegates, officials, and employees, particularly those from developing nations, the UN is little more than an enormous watering hole.

Concerned about its shabby image, the UN recently developed a multiple-choice "ethics quiz" for its employees. The "correct" answers were obvious to everyone [Is it all right to steal from your employer? (A) Yes, (B) No, (C) Only if you don't get caught].

The quiz was not designed to determine the ethical sense of UN employees or to weed out the ethically inept but to raise their level of integrity. How taking a transparent test could improve integrity is unclear. There has been no mention of how management and other officials did on the test.^[103]

In addition to criticism of the basic approach, theOil-for-Food Programme suffered from widespread corruption and abuse. Throughout its existence, the programme was dogged by accusations that some of its profits were unlawfully diverted to the government of Iraq and to UN officials.^[104][105]

Reporters witnessed a rapid increase in prostitution inCambodia,Mozambique,Bosnia, andKosovo after UN and, in the case of the latter two, NATO peacekeeping forces moved in. In the 1996 UN studyThe Impact of Armed Conflict on Children, former first lady of MozambiqueGraça Machel documented: "In 6 out of 12 country studies on sexual exploitation of children in situations of armed conflict prepared for the present report, the arrival of peacekeeping troops has been associated with a rapid rise in child prostitution."^[106]

In 2011, a United Nations spokesman confirmed sixteen Beninese peacekeepers were barred from serving with them following a year-long probe. Of the sixteen soldiers involved, ten were commanders. They failed to maintain an environment that prevents sexual exploitation and abuse. Sexual misconduct by United Nations troops had earlier been reported in Congo, Cambodia, and Haiti, as well as in an earlier incident involving Moroccan peacekeepers in Côte d'Ivoire.^{[citation needed]}

In 2007, American diplomat James Wasserstrom raised concerns about corruption amongst UN officials inKosovo. He was dismissed from his field job and detained by UN police. He brought a case against the UN and Secretary GeneralBan Ki-moon,^[107] and at his tribunal the UN was directed to compensate him with US$65,000 for the wrongful dismissal.^[108]

UN aid workers fromNepal were identified as the source of a cholera outbreak which killed over 10,000 Haitians and sickened hundreds of thousands more.^[109][110] The UN, however, claimeddiplomatic immunity and refused to provide compensation. Six years after the outbreak again, by which point more than 9,000 Haitians had already perished, then-Secretary-GeneralBan Ki-moon finally admitted the UN's culpability in the outbreak, saying he was "profoundly sorry".^[111] The Secretary-General promised to spend $400 million to aid the victims and to improve the nation's crumbling sanitation and water systems. As of January 2020, nearly ten years after the outbreak began, the UN has come through with only 5 percent of that amount.^{[citation needed]}

• Criticism of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights
• Criticism of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
• Criticism of UNICEF
• Defamation of religion and the United Nations
• Haiti cholera outbreak
• Nicaragua v. United States
• PassBlue

• Carpenter, Ted Gallen, ed.Delusions of Grandeur: the United Nations and Global Intervention. Washington, D.C.:Cato Institute, 1997.ISBN 1-882577-49-3
• Lietar, Pauline,ONU: La Grande ImpostureArchived 8 May 2020 at theWayback Machine, Albin Michel, 2017.ISBN 9782226393913
• Rob Murphy, “Is the UN Security Council fit for purpose?”,POLITICS REVIEW, Volume 24, Number 4, April 2015.
• "In Australia, Fears of Chinese Meddling Rise on U.N. Bribery Case Revelation',The New York Times, May 22, 2018
• Gold, Dore.Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos. New York: Three Rivers Press, 2004ISBN 140005494X.

• Criticism of the United Nations
• Criticism of organizations

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