Born inFunchal, Madeira, Ronaldo began his career withSporting CP before signing withManchester United in 2003. He became a star player at United, where he won three consecutivePremier League titles, theChampions League, and theFIFA Club World Cup. His2007–08 season earned him his firstBallon d'Or at age 23. In 2009, Ronaldo became the subject of the then-most expensive transfer in history when he joinedReal Madrid in a deal worth €94 million (£80 million). At Madrid, he was at the forefront of the club's resurgence as a dominant European force, helping them win four Champions Leagues between 2014 and 2018, including the long-awaitedLa Décima. He also won twoLa Liga titles, including the record-breaking2011–12 season in which Madrid reached 100 points, and became the club'sall-time top goalscorer. He won Ballon d'Ors in2013,2014,2016 and2017, and was runner-up three times toLionel Messi, his perceivedcareer rival. Following issues with the club hierarchy, Ronaldo signed forJuventus in 2018 in a transfer worth an initial €100 million, where he was pivotal in winning twoSerie A titles. In 2021, he returned to United before joining Al-Nassr in 2023.
Ronaldo made his international debut for Portugal in 2003 at the age of 18 and has earned more than200 caps, making him history's most-capped male player.[7] He has played in eleven major tournaments. He scored his first international goal inEuro 2004, where he helped Portugal reachthe final and subsequently made theteam of the tournament. He assumedcaptaincy of the national team ahead ofEuro 2008; and atEuro 2012, he was named in the team of the tournament. Ronaldo led Portugal to their first major tournament title atEuro 2016, being named in the team of the tournament for the third time. In the2018 World Cup, he had his most prolific World Cup campaign with four goals. He received theGolden Boot as the top scorer ofEuro 2020 before playing in his fifth World Cup at the2022 World Cup. He has won twoUEFA Nations Leagues, in2019 and2025.
Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro was born on 5 February 1985 in theSão Pedro parish ofFunchal, the capital of the Portuguese island ofMadeira, and grew up in the nearby parish ofSanto António.[8][9] He is the fourth and youngest child of Maria Dolores dos Santos Viveiros Aveiro, who worked as a cook in thehospitality industry and acleaning woman,[10][11] and José Dinis Aveiro, a municipal gardener at theJunta de Freguesia of Santo António and part-timekit man for football clubAndorinha.[12][13][14] His great-grandmother on his father's side, Isabel da Piedade, an African woman, was born in the island ofSão Vicente, in what was thenPortuguese Cape Verde, and moved to Madeira Island at 16.[15][16] He has one older brother, Hugo, and two older sisters, Elma andLiliana Cátia "Kátia".[2] He was named after actor and U.S. PresidentRonald Reagan, whom his father was a fan of.[17] His mother revealed that she wanted toabort him due to poverty, his father'salcoholism, and having too many children already, but her doctor refused to perform the procedure.[18][19] Ronaldo grew up in an impoverishedCatholic home, sharing a room with all his siblings.[20]
As a child, Ronaldo played for Andorinha from 1992 to 1995,[21] where his father was the kit man,[12] and later spent two years withNacional. In 1997, aged 12, he went on a three-day trial withSporting CP, who signed him for a fee of £1,500.[22] He subsequently moved from Madeira toLisbon to joinSporting CP's youth system.[22] By age 14, while struggling with his school duties and responsibilities in Escola EB2 de Telheiras, his school in theTelheiras area of Lisbon, Ronaldo believed he had the ability to play semi-professionally and agreed with his mother and histutor at Sporting CP,Leonel Pontes,[23] to cease his education to focus entirely on football.[24][25]
With a troubled life as a student,[26] and although living in Lisbon area away from his Madeiran family,[27][28] he did not complete schooling beyond the 6th grade.[29][30] While popular with other students at school, he had been expelled after throwing a chair at his teacher, who he said had "disrespected" him.[24] One year later, he was diagnosed withtachycardia, a condition that could have forced him to give up playing football.[31] Ronaldo underwent heart surgery where a laser was used tocauterise multiplecardiac pathways into one, altering his restingheart rate.[32] He was discharged from the hospital hours after the procedure and resumed training a few days later.[33] In 2021, Cristiano Ronaldo's mother, Dolores Aveiro, stated in an interview for Sporting CP's official television channel (Sporting TV) that her son would be abricklayer if he had not become a professional football player.[34]
Growing up, Ronaldo idolised the Brazilian footballersRonaldinho andRonaldo, and has described them as leaving "a beautiful history in football".[35]
Manchester United managerAlex Ferguson was determined to acquire Ronaldo on a permanent move urgently, after Sporting defeated United 3–1 at the inauguration of theEstádio José Alvalade on 6 August 2003. Initially, United had planned to sign Ronaldo and loan him back to Sporting for a year.[40] Having been impressed by him, the United players urged Ferguson to sign him. After the game, Ferguson said Ronaldo was "one of the most exciting young players" he had ever seen.[40][41]
Manchester United
2003–2007: Development and breakthrough
"There have been a few players described as 'the newGeorge Best' over the years, but this is the first time it's been a compliment to me."
—Former Manchester United playerGeorge Best hails the 18-year-old Cristiano Ronaldo in 2003.[42]
On 12 August 2003, less than a week after the friendly that impressed Ferguson, Manchester United signed Ronaldo for £12 million,[43] an England record for a teenager.[44] This also made him the first Portuguese player to sign for the club.[45]
Although he requested the number 28, his number at Sporting, he received thesquad number 7 shirt, which had previously been worn by such United players asGeorge Best,Eric Cantona andDavid Beckham.[46] Wearing the number 7 became an extra source of motivation for Ronaldo.[47] A key element in his development during his time in England proved to be Ferguson, of whom he later said: "He's been my father in sport, one of the most important and influential factors in my career."[48]
Ronaldo made his debut as a substitute in a 4–0 home win overBolton Wanderers in the Premier League on 16 August 2003.[49] His performance earned praise from Best, who hailed it as "undoubtedly the most exciting debut" he had ever seen.[42] Ronaldo scored his first goal for Manchester United with a free-kick in a 3–0 win overPortsmouth on 1 November.[50] On 15 May 2004, in a victory against Aston Villa, Ronaldo scored the opening goal and later received the firstred card of his career.[51][52] Ronaldo ended his first season in English football with a trophy, scoring the opening goal in United's 3–0 win overMillwall in the2004 FA Cup Final.[53] BBC punditAlan Hansen described him as the star of the final.[54] The British press had been critical of Ronaldo during the season for his "elaborate" step-overs in trying to beat opponents,[55] but teammateGary Neville said he was "not a show pony, but the real thing", and predicted he would become a world-class player.[56]
"He has got the tricks and party pieces, we know that, but they're not much good unless there is something at the end of it all. We still have to remember, of course, that the lad is only 19 years of age. Considering that, you have to say he has got massive talent. His feet are mesmerising at times, and if he can couple that with some consistently good crossing, the future looks frightening."
—FormerBBC punditAlan Hansen commenting on Ronaldo after his first season.[54]
At the start of 2005, Ronaldo played two of his best matches of the2004–05 season, producing a goal and an assist against Aston Villa and scoring twice againstrivals Arsenal.[57][58] Ronaldo won his second trophy in English football, theFootball League Cup, after scoring the third goal in United's 4–0 final win overWigan Athletic.[59]
During his third season in England, Ronaldo was involved in several incidents. Ronaldo clashed with a teammate, strikerRuud van Nistelrooy, who took offence at the winger's showboating style of play.[60] Following the2006 FIFA World Cup, in which he was involved in an incident where club teammateWayne Rooney was sent off,[61] Ronaldo publicly asked for a transfer, lamenting the lack of support he felt he had received from the club over the incident.[62] United denied the possibility of him leaving the club.[63] Although his World Cup altercation with Rooney resulted in Ronaldo being booed throughout the2006–07 season,[64] it proved to be his break-out year, as he broke the 20-goal barrier for the first time and won his firstPremier League title.[65]
2007–2009: Collective and individual success and Ballon d'Or
Ronaldo (pictured during2007-08) evolved into the best player in the world in this season, according to many pundits and fellow players.[66]
Shortly after, Ronaldo was linked to a move toReal Madrid, United filed a tampering complaint with governing body FIFA over Madrid's alleged pursuit of their player, but they declined to take action.[83] and he remained at United for another year.[84] His match-winning goal in the second leg againstPorto, a 40-yard strike, earned him the inauguralFIFA Puskás Award, presented by FIFA in recognition of the best goal of the year;[85] he later called it the best goal he had ever scored.[86] United advanced to thefinal in Rome,[87] where he made little impact in United's 2–0 defeat to Barcelona.[88]
Real Madrid
2009–2015: World record transfer and consecutive Ballon d'Or wins
Ronaldo adapted tremendously to Spanish football, scoring 33 goals in just 35 games in his debut season.
In 2009, Ronaldo transferred toReal Madrid for a then world record £80 million.[89] At least 80,000 fans attended his presentation at theSantiago Bernabéu, surpassing the 25-year record of 75,000 fans who had welcomedDiego Maradona atNapoli.[90] Ronaldo said, "This is the completion of my boyhood dream, to be a Real Madrid player."[91]
Ronaldo made hisLa Liga debut againstDeportivo La Coruña on 29 August, scoring a penalty in a 3–2 home win.[92] He scored in each of his first four league games, the first Madrid player to do so.[93] His first Champions League goals for the club followed with two free kicks in the first group match againstZürich.[94] His strong start to the season was interrupted when he suffered an ankle injury in October while on international duty, which kept him sidelined for seven weeks.[95][96] Despite scoring 33 goals in all competitions and contributing to Real Madrid's 96 points inLa Liga, his first season with Madrid ended trophyless.[97]
Ronaldo scored 46 league goals during the La Liga championship success in his third season in Spain.
FollowingRaúl's departure, Ronaldo was given No. 7 for the 2010–11 season and scored 53 goals, helping Madrid win theCopa del Rey, scoring the winning goal against rivals Barcelona in theEl Clásico, his first trophy with Madrid.[98] He also became the first player in La Liga to score 40 goals.[99] In addition to thePichichi Trophy, Ronaldo won the European Golden Shoe for a second time, becoming the first player to win the award in different leagues.[100]
Thefollowing season saw Ronaldo score 60 goals across all competitions,[101] leading Madrid to their firstleague title in four years with a record 100 points and his runner-up finish to Lionel Messi in the2011 FIFA Ballon d'Or.[102] He scored his 100th league goal for Madrid in a 5–1 win overReal Sociedad on 24 March 2012, breaking the previous club record held byFerenc Puskás.[103] In the2012–13 season, he scored his firsthat-trick in the Champions League in a 4–1 win overAjax.[104] Four days later, he became the first player to score in six successiveClásicos when he hit a brace in a 2–2 draw atCamp Nou.[105] His performances again saw Ronaldo voted second in the running for the2012 FIFA Ballon d'Or, behind four-time winner Messi.[106]
Following the 2012–13 winter break, Ronaldo captained Madrid for the first time in an official match, scoring twice to lift 10-man Madrid to a 4–3 win over Sociedad on 6 January.[107] He subsequently became the first non-Spanish player in 60 years to captain Madrid inEl Clásico on 30 January, a match which also marked his 500th club appearance.[108]
Concurrently with his individual achievements, Ronaldo enjoyed his greatest team success in Spain to date, as he helped Madrid winLa Décima, their tenth European Cup, scoring a penalty in the 120th minute of the 4–1 final win overcity rivalsAtlético Madrid, becoming the first player to score in two European Cup finals for two different winning teams.[112] As the competition's top goalscorer for the third time, with a record 17 goals,[113] he was named theUEFA Best Player in Europe.[114] Ronaldo scored 31 goals in 30 league games, which earned him the Pichichi and theEuropean Golden Shoe, along withLiverpool'sLuis Suárez.[115] On 4 May, Ronaldo scored a back-heeled volley in the closing moments of the match againstValencia, voted goal of the season by theLiga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (LFP),[116] giving him theBest Player in La Liga award.[117]
During the2014–15 season, Ronaldo set a new personal best of 61 goals, and after winning the2014 FIFA Club World Cup,[118] Ronaldo received the2014 Ballon d'Or,[119] joiningJohan Cruyff,Michel Platini andMarco van Basten as a three-time recipient.[120] Madrid finished in second place in La Liga and exited at the semi-final stage in the Champions League.[121] With 10 goals, he finished as top scorer for a third consecutive season, alongside Messi andNeymar.[122] On 5 April, he scored five goals in a game for the first time in his career, including an eight-minute hat-trick, in a 9–1 rout ofGranada.[123] His 300th goal for his club followed three days later in a 2–0 win against Rayo Vallecano.[124] He finished the season with 48 goals, winning a second consecutive Pichichi and the European Golden Shoe for a record fourth time.[125]
2015–2018: All-time Madrid top scorer and fifth Ballon d'Or
In the2016–17 UEFA Champions League quarter-finals against Bayern in April, Ronaldo scored both goals in a 2–1 away win which saw him make history by becoming the first player to reach 100 goals in UEFA club competition.[130] On 17 May, Ronaldo overtookJimmy Greaves as the all-time top scorer in the top five European leagues, scoring twice against Celta de Vigo.[131] He finished the season with 42 goals in all competitions as he helped Madrid to win theirfirst La Liga title since 2012.[132]
In theChampions League Final, Ronaldo scored two goals in a 4–1 victory overJuventus to take him to 12 goals for the season, making him the competition's top goalscorer for the fifth straight season (sixth overall), as well as the first player to score in three finals in the Champions League era; the second goal was the 600th of his senior career.[133] Madrid also became the first team to win back-to-back finals in the Champions League era.[134]
On 23 October, his performances throughout 2017 saw him awardedThe Best FIFA Men's Player award for the second consecutive year.[135] A day later, Ronaldo won the2017 Ballon d'Or, receiving his fifth-time award on theEiffel Tower in Paris.[136] On 3 April 2018, Ronaldo scored the first two goals in a 3–0 away win against Juventus in thequarter-finals of the2017–18 UEFA Champions League, with his second goal being an acrobaticbicycle kick. Described as a "PlayStation goal" by Juventus defenderAndrea Barzagli, with Ronaldo's foot approximately 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m) off the ground, it garnered him a standing ovation from the opposing fans in the stadium as well as a plethora of plaudits from peers, pundits and coaches.[137]
In thefinal on 26 May, Madrid defeated Liverpool 3–1, winning Ronaldo his fifth Champions League title, the first player to do so.[138] He finished as the top scorer of the tournament for the sixth consecutive season with 15 goals.[139] After the final, Ronaldo referred to his time with Madrid in the past tense, sparking speculation that he could leave the club.[140]
Juventus
Ronaldo joinedJuventus in 2018 for €100 million, the transfer was the highest ever for a player over 30 years old and the highest paid by an Italian club.[141] Upon signing, Ronaldo cited his need for a new challenge as his rationale for departing Madrid,[142] but later attributed the transfer to the lack of support he felt was shown by club presidentFlorentino Pérez.[143]
2018–2020: Consecutive Serie A titles
Ronaldo playing for Juventus againstTorino in November 2019
On 18 August, Ronaldo made his debut in a 3–2 away win againstChievo Verona.[144] On 19 September, in his firstChampions League match for Juve, he was sent off against Valencia, his first red card in 154 Champions League appearances.[145] In the reverse (home) leg against Valencia, Cristiano won 100 Champions League matches, becoming the first ever player to do so.[146]
Ronaldo won his first trophy with the club on 16 January 2019, the2018 Supercoppa Italiana, after he scored the only goal from a header againstAC Milan.[147] On 10 February, Ronaldo scored in a 3–0 win over Sassuolo, the ninth consecutive away game in which he had scored in the league, equallingGiuseppe Signori's single season Serie A record ofmost consecutive away games with at least one goal.[148] On 12 March, Ronaldo scored a hat-trick in a 3–0 home win against Atlético in the second leg of the Champions League round of 16, helping Juventus overcome a two-goal deficit to reach the quarter-finals.[149] On 20 April, Ronaldo played in thescudetto clinching game against Fiorentina, as Juventus won their eighth successive title after a 2–1 home win, thereby becoming the first player to win league titles inEngland,Spain andItaly.[150] With 21 goals and eight assists, Ronaldo won theleague award for Most Valuable Player.[151]
On 1 October, he reached several milestones in Juventus's 3–0Champions League group stage win overBayer Leverkusen including breakingIker Casillas' record for most Champions League wins of all time.[152] On 18 December, Ronaldo leapt to a height of 8 ft 5 in (2.57 m), higher than the crossbar, to head the winning goal in a 2–1 away win againstSampdoria.[153] He scored his first Serie A hat-trick on 6 January 2020, in a 4–0 home win againstCagliari and became only the second player to score hat-tricks in the Premier League, La Liga and Serie A.[154] On 22 February, Ronaldo scored for arecord-equalling 11th consecutive league game, alongsideGabriel Batistuta andFabio Quagliarella, in what was his 1,000th senior professional game, a 2–1 away win againstSPAL.[155] On 22 June, he scored a penalty in a 2–0 away win overBologna, overtakingRui Costa to become the highest scoring Portuguese player in Serie A history.[156] On 20 July, Ronaldo scored twice in a 2–1 home win overLazio; his first goal was his 50th in Serie A. He became the first player in history to reach 50 goals in the Premier League, La Liga and Serie A, and becoming the second player afterEdin Džeko to score 50 goals in three ofEurope's top five major leagues.[157] Moreover, he became the oldest player, at the age of 35 years and 166 days, to score over 30 goals in one of the five top European leagues sinceRonnie Rooke with Arsenal in 1948.[158] On 26 July, Ronaldo scored the opening goal in a 2–0 home win over Sampdoria as Juventus were crowned Serie A champions for a ninth consecutive time.[159] On 7 August, Ronaldo scored a brace in a 2–1 home win againstLyon in the second leg of the Champions League round of 16, which saw him finish the season with 37 goals in all competitions; the tally allowed him to break Borel's club record of 36 goals in a single season.[160]
2020–2021: 100 Juve goals,Capocannoniere, and departure
Ronaldo played his 100th match in all competitions for Juventus on 13 December, scoring two penalties in a 3–1 away win overGenoa in the league to bring his goal tally to 79.[161] On 2 March 2021, he scored a goal in a 3–0 win overSpezia in his 600th league match, to become the first player to score at least 20 goals in 12 consecutive seasons in the top five leagues of Europe.[162] On 12 May, Ronaldo scored a goal in a 3–1 away win over Sassuolo to reach his 100th goal for Juventus in all competitions on his 131st appearance, becoming the fastest Juventus player to achieve the feat.[163] With Juventus's victory in the2021 Coppa Italia Final on 19 May, Ronaldo became the first player in history to win every major domestic trophy in England, Spain and Italy.[164] Ronaldo ended the season with 29 league goals, winning theCapocannoniere award for highest goalscorer and becoming the first footballer to finish as top scorer in the English, Spanish and Italian leagues.[165]
The start of the following season came amid reports Ronaldo would depart the club before the closure of the transfer window,[166] despite Ronaldo and his agentJorge Mendes reaching a verbal agreement withManchester City over personal terms,[167] but the club pulled out of the deal,[168] and later it was confirmed that City'srivals Manchester United, Ronaldo's former club, were in advanced talks to sign him,[169][170] while former managerAlex Ferguson and several ex-teammates had been in contact to persuade him to re-sign for United.[171][172]
On 27 August 2021, Manchester United announced they had reached an agreement with Juventus to re-sign Ronaldo, subject to agreement of personal terms, visa and medical.[173][174] Ronaldo was given the number 7 shirt afterEdinson Cavani agreed to switch to 21.[175] The first 24 hours of Ronaldo's shirt sales was reported to have broken the all-time record following a transfer, overtaking Messi after his move toParis Saint-Germain.[176]
On 11 September, Ronaldo made his second debut at Old Trafford, scoring the opening two goals in a 4–1 league victory againstNewcastle United.[177] On 29 September, he scored a last-minute winner in United's 2–1 victory at home toVillarreal in theChampions League, and overtookIker Casillas as the player with the most appearances in the competition.[178] Ronaldo proved to be crucial in the next Champions League fixtures, scoring various last minute goals to help United qualify for theround of 16 as group winners.[179] On 2 December, Ronaldo netted two goals in a 3–2 home league win againstArsenal, which saw him surpass800 career goals.[180] Struggles ensued, with a fractured relationship with his teammates and interim manager, continuing for two months,[181] until he scored in United's 2–0 win at home versusBrighton & Hove Albion on 15 February 2022, his first in the new year.[182] He finished the season with 24 goals in all competitions being named in the Premier League Team of the Year and the winner of United'sSir Matt Busby Player of the Year award,[183][184] but United finished in a disappointing sixth place and qualified for theUEFA Europa League; as a result, Ronaldo went trophyless for the first time since 2010.[185]
After growing dissatisfaction with the direction of United on and off the field, Ronaldo desired to leave to join a club competing in the Champions League, but a move failed to materialise, with various European clubs refusing a transfer, due to his age, overall cost of a transfer and high wage demands.[186][187] Shortly after, he fell out with managerErik ten Hag who used him as a substitute, leading United to terminate his contract on 22 November, following an interview withPiers Morgan, where Ronaldo said that he felt "betrayed" by Ten Hag and criticised the management of the club.[188]
On 30 December 2022, Saudi Arabian clubAl-Nassr reached an agreement for Ronaldo to join the club, signing a contract until 2025.[189] Ronaldo receivedthe highest football salary ever, at €200 million per year,[190][191] including a guaranteed football salary of €90 million, with commercial and sponsorship deals bringing his total annual salary to €200 million. He made his debut for Al-Nassr on 22 January 2023, as club captain, playing the full 90 minutes of a 1–0 win overAl-Ettifaq,[192] and scored his first goal in a 2–2 draw againstAl-Fateh by converting a last-minute penalty.[193] On 9 February, Ronaldo scored all four goals in a 4–0 win overAl-Wehda, his first goal of the match being his 500th career league goal.[194] According to theBBC, Ronaldo's transfer to Al-Nassr led a "revolution" in Asian football, with many players from other leagues, particularly those in Europe, transferring to Saudi Pro League clubs for the2023–24 season.[195][196][197]
In the final of theArab Club Champions Cup on 12 August, Ronaldo scored both goals as they defeated rivalsAl-Hilal 2–1 after extra time. Ronaldo scored six goals in the competition.[198] At the close of the year, Ronaldo scored 54 goals in all competitions for Al-Nassr and Portugal, making him the outright top scorer in 2023, reaching the same goalscoring record as in 2016.[199][200] On 27 May 2024, in Al-Nassr's home fixture againstAl-Ittihad, Ronaldo scored his 34th and 35th league goals of the campaign, surpassingAbderrazak Hamdallah's record for the most goals scored in a single Saudi Pro League season. He also became the first footballer to finish as top scorer in four different leagues, the English, Spanish, Italian and Saudi leagues.[201] On 31 May, in a 5–4 penalty shoot-out defeat to Al-Hilal in the2024 King Cup final following a 1–1 draw after extra-time (in which he scored his side's second spot kick), he equalledRogério Ceni's record for most top-level matches by a male professional footballer (1,225).[202]
Ronaldo finished the2024–25 season with 25 league goals, becoming the league's top scorer for a second consecutive time.[203]
In November 2025, chasing the1000 career goal milestone, Ronaldo stated that he will retire within the upcoming two years.[204]
At the age of 18, Ronaldo made his debut for Portugal as a substitute againstKazakhstan on 20 August 2003.[205] AtUEFA Euro 2004, he scored his first international goal in a 2–1 group stage loss toGreece in his eighth international appearance.[206][207] Despite Portugal losing to Greece again in thefinal, Ronaldo made theteam of the tournament, with two assists and two goals.[208] In the2006 FIFA World Cup, at the age of 21 years and 132 days, Ronaldo became the youngest ever goalscorer for Portugal at a World Cup finals.[209] Portugal reached the semi-finals, where Portugal lost toFrance, with Ronaldo being booed during their defeat, due to an incident that occurred in the quarter-finals againstEngland.[210] FIFA's Technical Study Group overlooked him for the tournament's Best Young Player award and handed it toGermany'sLukas Podolski, citing his behaviour as a factor in the decision.[211][212]
Ronaldo, pictured playing againstGermany atEuro 2012, was made captain for Portugal in 2008.
On 6 February 2007, Cristianocaptained Portugal for the first time in a friendly againstBrazil.[213] He wore the number 7 shirt ahead ofUEFA Euro 2008.[214] Despite scoring eight goals inqualifications,[215] the second-highest tally, he scored just one goal in the finals, netting the second goal of Portugal's 3–1 win in the group stage game against theCzech Republic. Portugal were eliminated in the quarter-finals after a 3–2 loss toGermany.[216]
Ronaldo failed to score in2010 World Cup qualifying.[211] He scored only one goal in the2010 World Cup finals; despite this, he was named man of the match in all three group stage matches, againstIvory Coast,North Korea and Brazil.[217][218][219] His only goal of the tournament came in their 7–0 demolishing of North Korea, which was his first international goal in 16 months.[220] Two years later, inUEFA Euro 2012, Ronaldo was joint top scorer with three goals, enough for him to be included in the team of the tournament.[6] Duringqualification for the2014 FIFA World Cup, Ronaldo scored eight goals. Despite this, Portugal did not qualify directly; Ronaldo scored all four goals againstSweden in the play-off to qualify.[221] At the tournament in Brazil, Ronaldo assisted a last-minute 2–2 equaliser against theUnited States,[222] and scored an 80th-minute winner in a 2–1 win overGhana.[223]
Ronaldo leaps in the air in Portugal'sEuro 2016 quarter-final match againstPoland.
In 2016, Ronaldo led Portugal to their first-ever trophy at theUEFA Euro 2016, although he was subbed off in the 25th minute in thefinal against hosts France.[224] He received theSilver Boot as the second-highest goalscorer, which gave him hisfourth Ballon d'Or later that year. With the win, Portugal qualified and made its only appearance in theFIFA Confederations Cup held inRussia, where they finished in third place, with Ronaldo being named man of the match in all three of Portugal's group stage matches.[225][226]
In the2018 World Cup, Ronaldo became the oldest player to score ahat-trick in a World Cup match, in a 3–3 draw againstSpain.[227] The following match, Ronaldo scored the only goal in a 1–0 win againstMorocco, breaking Puskás' record as the highest European goalscorer of all time, with 85 international goals.[228] For his performances in the tournament, Ronaldo was named in theWorld Cup Dream Team.[229]
Ronaldo led Portugal to victory in the inauguralUEFA Nations League in 2019, receiving thetop scorer award inthe finals,[230] and received theGolden Boot as top scorer ofEuro 2020. Ronaldo also became the first player to score at five European Championships.[231] On 23 June 2021, Ronaldo scored two goals in the Euro 2020 match against France, breaking the men's goalscoring record previously held byAli Daei.[232]
Ronaldo during a group stage game againstUruguay at the 2022 World Cup
In the2022 World Cup, on 24 November, Ronaldo became the first player to score at five World Cups, netting a penalty against Ghana.[236] Following a dispute with managerFernando Santos, after their last group game againstSouth Korea, he was dropped from the starting line-up for Portugal's last 16 match, marking the first time sinceEuro 2008 that he had not started a game for Portugal in a major international tournament,[237] and the first time Portugal had started a knockout game without Ronaldo in the starting line-up at an international tournament sinceEuro 2000.[238]
On 23 March 2023, Ronaldo scored a brace againstLiechtenstein as he earned his 197th overall cap to become the most capped male footballer of all time.[239] On 20 June, Ronaldo made his 200th appearance for his national team, scoring the only goal of an away win over Iceland, in theEuro qualifiers, as he became the first player in the history of men's international football to make 200 appearances for his country.[240] On 16 October, Portugal secured first place in their qualifying group, following a 5–0 away victory overBosnia and Herzegovina, with Ronaldo scoring twice.[241] The landmark goals meant he had scored more than 100 goals in each of the last three decades (2000s, 2010s, 2020s).[242][243]
With his start in Portugal'sUEFA Euro 2024 opener against theCzech Republic, Ronaldo became the first player to feature in six European Championships, having previously been the first player to appear in five.[244] Later that year, on 5 September, he scored his 900th career goal in a 2–1 victory overCroatia in theUEFA Nations League.[245] On 8 June 2025, Ronaldo won his second UEFA Nations League title, helping Portugal defeat Spain in the final, scoring 8 goals in 9 games in the tournament.[246] On 14 October, Ronaldo scored twice in a 2–2 draw againstHungary in the2026 World Cup qualifiers, reaching a record 41 goals in World Cup qualifying.[247] Ronaldo was sent off for elbowing defenderDara O'Shea in the back during Portugal's 2–0 loss toIreland in the World Cup qualifiers inDublin on 14 November 2025.[248]
Player profile
Style of play
At his peak, Ronaldo was known for his exceptional speed, explosive shooting, flair and athleticism.[249]
A versatileattacker, Ronaldo is capable of playing on either wing as well as through the centre of the pitch,[250] and, while ostensibly right-footed, is very strong with both feet.[251] Tactically, Ronaldo has undergone several evolutions throughout his career. While at Sporting and during his first season at Manchester United, he was typically deployed as a traditionalwinger on the right side of midfield, where he regularly looked to delivercrosses into the penalty area. In this position, he was able to use his pace and acceleration, agility and technical skills to take on opponents in one-on-one situations. Ronaldo became noted for hisdribbling and flair, often displaying an array oftricks andfeints,[252][253] such as thestep overs and so-called 'chops' that became his trademark;[254] he has also been known to use theflip-flap.[255]
His strength and jumping ability, combined with his elevation, heading accuracy and height of 1.87 m (6 ft1+1⁄2 in), give him an edge in winning aerial duels. These attributes allow him to function as a target-man and make him an aerial goal threat in the penalty area; consequently, many of his goals have been headers.[256][257][258] Ronaldo holds the record for the highest recorded jump in football history, measuring 2.93 metres (9 ft 7 in), which he achieved during a match against Manchester United while playing for Real Madrid in the round of 16 of the UEFA Champions League in 2013.[259] Allied with his increased stamina and work-rate, his goalscoring ability improved drastically on the left wing where he was given the positional freedom to move into the centre to finish attacks. He has also increasingly played acreative role for his team, often dropping deep to pick up the ball, participate in the build-up of plays and create chances for his teammates, courtesy of his vision and passing ability.[252][256]
In his final seasons at United, Ronaldo played an even more attacking and central role, functioning both as astriker and as asupporting forward, or even as anattacking midfielder on occasion.[256] He developed into a prolific goalscorer, capable of finishing well both inside the penalty area and from distance with an accurate and powerful shot, courtesy of his striking ability.[256] An accuratepenalty kick taker,[260] he also became a set piece specialist, renowned for his powerful,bendingfree kicks.[261] When taking free kicks, Ronaldo is known for using theknuckleball technique, which was developed byJuninho Pernambucano.[262] He also adopts a trademark stance before striking the ball, which involves him standing with his legs far apart.[263] Regarding Ronaldo's unique style of taking free kicks, former United assistant managerMike Phelan commented: "People used to put the ball down, walk away, run up and hit it. He brought in a more dynamic showmanship. He places the ball down, the concentration level is high, he takes his certain amount of steps back so that his standing foot is in the perfect place to hit the ball in the sweet spot. He is the ultimate showman. He has that slight arrogance. When he pulls those shorts up and shows his thighs, he is saying 'All eyes on me' and this is going in. He understands the marketing side of it. The way he struts up and places it; the world is watching him."[264]
As Ronaldo entered his thirties he dribbled less frequently,[265] instead transitioning into a "deadly poacher".[266]
At Real Madrid, Ronaldo continued to play a more offensive role, while his creative and defensive duties became more limited, although not entirely diminished.[267] Initially deployed as acentre forward by managersManuel Pellegrini andJosé Mourinho, he was later moved back onto the left wing, though in a free tactical role; this position allowed him to drift into the centre at will to get onto the end of crosses and score, or draw out defenders with his movement off the ball and leave space for teammates to exploit.[267][268][269] Madrid's counter-attacking style of play also allowed him to become a more efficient and consistent player, as evidenced by his record-breaking goalscoring feats. While he mainly drew praise in the media for his prolific goalscoring, Ronaldo also demonstrated his ability as an effective creator in this role.[270][271][272] This unique role has been described by pundits as that of a "false", "attacking", or "goalscoring winger", as Ronaldo effectively almost functioned as a striker at times with his central runs into the penalty area, despite actually playing on the left flank.[268][273] From 2013 onwards, under managerCarlo Ancelotti, he effectively adapted his style to the physical effects of ageing with increasingly reduced off-the-ball movement and general involvement, completing fewer dribbles and passes per game, and instead focusing on short-distance creating and goalscoring.[267][274][275] Since 2017, Ronaldo adapted his style of play yet again to become more of a free-roaming centre forward under managerZinedine Zidane, a role in which he continued to excel and maintain a prolific goalscoring record; in this position, he earned praise in the media for his intelligent movement both on and off the ball, positional sense, link-up play and finishing, as well as his ability to lose or anticipate his markers, find space in the box and score from few touches or opportunities.[276][277][278]
In his first season at Juventus, Ronaldo continued to play in a variety of different attacking roles under managerMassimiliano Allegri, depending on whom he was partnered with. While he had occupied an increasingly offensive role in his final years at Real Madrid, at times he functioned in a free role at Juventus, either as a lone striker or in his trademark role on the left wing, in a 4–2–3–1 or 4–3–3 formation, in which he often switched positions withMario Mandžukić. In this role, he was also given licence to drop deep or even out wide onto the right flank to receive the ball, and be more involved in the build-up of plays; as such, aside from scoring goals himself, he began to take on opponents and create chances for other players with greater frequency than he had in his final seasons with Real Madrid. Off the ball, he was also capable of creating space for teammates with his movement and attacking runs into the box, or finishing off chances with his head or feet by getting onto the end of his teammates' crosses.[279][280] On occasion he also played in an attacking partnership alongside Mandžukić in a 4–3–1–2, 4–4–2, or 3–5–2 formation.[281][282][283] He continued to play a similar role in his second season with the club under managerMaurizio Sarri.[280]
Reception and image
A Portugal fan at the2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa holding a banner dedicated to Ronaldo
Ronaldo is widely regarded as one of the two best players of his generation, alongside Argentina forwardLionel Messi.[284] Winning his firstBallon d'Or in2008 by a record-high vote count at age 23, over the next decade Ronaldo has often featured in debates concerning who is the greatest player in history.[285] Acclaimed for his prolific and consistent goal-scoring,[286] he is considered a decisive player who is also a game changer,[287] especially in important and high-pressured situations.[288] In a 2018 article forBleacher Report, formerNBA starSteve Nash compared Ronaldo toMichael Jordan: "On the pitch, [Ronaldo's] learned how to make his play—less explosive in individual movements—more successful for the team, and in that, I see the greatness of Jordan." In the same article, Ronaldo was ranked first in the ranking of the 50 most influential people in sports culture for 2018.[289]
"In the six years we had him, you just saw his game grow all the time, and he was a fantastic player. Now you see the complete player. His decision-making, his maturity, his experience, plus all the great skills he has got, they all make him the complete player."
Ronaldo is noted for his work ethic, elite body conditioning and dedication to improvement on the training pitch, as well being regarded as a natural leader.[291][292] On his longevity and "extraordinary commitment to physical preparation", Adam Bate ofSky Sports said: "Dedication is a huge part of staying at the top and Ronaldo's focus is perhaps unparalleled within the game."[265] While stating they were stylistically different players who shared an equal desire to score goals, former Brazil internationalRonaldo praised Cristiano's approach to training, arguing that "there are so few players who take care of their body like he does. I trained because I had to, he does it because he loves it."[293] His drive and determination to succeed are fuelled by a desire to be talked about alongside other greats such asPelé andDiego Maradona once retiring.[294] He is credited, along with his compatriot, coachJosé Mourinho, with inspiring changing fortunes of Portuguese football in 2010s and 2020s.[295] At times, he has been criticised forsimulating when tackled.[296] He was also occasionally criticised early in his career by manager Alex Ferguson, teammates and the media for being a selfish or overly flamboyant player.[297]Jonathan Wilson ofThe Guardian opined that Ronaldo had made Juventus, who he joined aged 33 in 2018, weaker, due to "his relative immobility" in his mid-30s, even if his personal goal-scoring output remained high.[298]
During his career, Ronaldo has also been described as having an "arrogant image" on the pitch,[299] with Ronaldo stating that he had become a "victim" because of how he was portrayed in the media.[300] He is often seen moaning, gesticulating and scowling while trying to inspire his team to victory,[299] with Ronaldo insisting that his competitive nature should not be mistaken for arrogance.[300] His managers, teammates and various journalists have said that this reputation has caused an unfair image of him.[301][302][303]
Goal celebrations
Ronaldo's "siu" celebration
Ronaldo has adopted severalgoal celebrations throughout his career, including one particular celebration which gained widespread coverage in the media, when he squatted and stared directly into a camera on the sidelines of the pitch with his hand on his chin.[304][305][306] After scoring a goal, he usually celebrates with a "storming jump" and "turn", before "landing in spread-eagled fashion"[305] into his "signature power stance",[306] while usually simultaneously exclaiming "Sí" (Spanish and Italian for "yes").[304][307] This trademark celebration has been dubbed the "Siu" orsiuuu in the media.[304][305][308] It has also been known as "suiii", "siiuuu", "siii" or "Right Here Right Now", formally theCristiano Ronaldo celebration. Since Ronaldo first performed the gesture in 2013,[309] it has been widely imitated by athletes and personalities both in and outside of football when celebrating scoring in respective sports or a significant achievement, and is widely regarded as the most iconic association footballcelebration of all time.[310]
The gesture was first performed by Ronaldo on 7 August, during the2013 International Champions Cup Final between Real Madrid andChelsea. Ronaldo gave Madrid a 2–1 lead with afree kick when he headed in a cross fromIsco, helping Madrid beat Chelsea 3–1 to claim theInternational Champions Cup and celebrating with his first "Siuuu". During an interview after the match against Chelsea when he first performed the gesture, Ronaldo explained he scored the goal and "it just felt natural" and "didn't know where it came from". He started doing it more often and when the supporters see it they are reminded of him.[311]
The phrase "siu" is derived from Portuguesesim, meaning "yes". This was confirmed by Ronaldo in an interview in 2023, almost a decade since he first performed it. Ronaldo explained that the phrase "Siuuu" simply means yes, but "meaning it very strongly".[312]
Both Ronaldo and Lionel Messi have scored in multipleUEFA Champions League finals, have regularly broken the 50-goal barrier in a single season, and are the twoleading goal scorers in history. Sports journalists and pundits regularly weigh the individual merits of both players in an attempt to argue who they believe is the best player in modern football or in the history of the game.[313] It has been compared to severalsports rivalries, among them theMuhammad Ali–Joe Frazier rivalry in boxing, theBorg–McEnroe rivalry in tennis and theSenna–Prost rivalry fromFormula One motor racing.[314][315] Some commentators choose to analyse the differing physiques and playing styles of the two.[316] Part of the debate revolves around the contrasting personalities of the two players, as Ronaldo is sometimes depicted as an arrogant and theatrical showoff, while Messi is portrayed as a shy, humble character.[317][318][319]
"It's part of my life now. People are bound to compare us. He tries to do his best for his club and for his national team, as I do, and there is a degree of rivalry with both of us trying to do the best for the teams we represent."
—Ronaldo commenting on his rivalry with Messi.[320]
In a 2012 interview, Ronaldo commented on the rivalry, saying: "I think we push each other sometimes in the competition, this is why the competition is so high."[321]Alex Ferguson, Ronaldo's manager during his time at Manchester United, opined: "I don't think the rivalry against each other bothers them. I think they have their own personal pride in terms of wanting to be the best."[322] Messi himself denied any rivalry, saying that it was "only the media, the press, who wants us to be at loggerheads but I've never fought with Cristiano."[323] Responding to the claims that he and Messi do not get on well on a personal level, Ronaldo commented: "We don't have a relationship outside the world of football, just as we don't with a lot of other players." Ronaldo added that in years to come he hopes they can laugh about it together, stating: "We have to look on this rivalry with a positive spirit, because it's a good thing."[320] Representing archrivals Barcelona and Real Madrid, the two players faced each other at least twice every season in the world's biggest club game,El Clásico, which is among the world's most viewed annual sporting events.[324]
In a debate atOxford Union in October 2013, when asked whether FIFA presidentSepp Blatter preferred Messi or Ronaldo, Blatter paid tribute to the work ethic of the Argentine before taking a swipe at Ronaldo, claiming "one of them has more expenses for the hairdresser than the other." Real Madrid demanded and promptly received a full apology. In response to Blatter's "commander" on the pitch comment, Ronaldo issued his own riposte with a mock-salute celebration after scoring a penalty against Sevilla.[325] In August 2019, Ronaldo and Messi were interviewed while sat next to each other prior to the announcement of theUEFA Men's Player of the Year, with Ronaldo stating: "I pushed him and he pushed me as well. So it's good to be part of the history of football."[326]
In September 2023, Ronaldo declared that his rivalry with Messi was over and "gone", after 36 official fixtures and 15 years of "sharing the stage".[327]
Ronaldo was named in the 2014Time 100,Time's annual list of the most influential people in the world.[328]ESPN named Ronaldo the world's most famous athlete in 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019.[329][330][331][332] Demand for a replica Ronaldo shirt has been high throughout his career. In 2008, Ronaldo's number 7 Manchester United shirt was the best-selling Premier League sports product.[333] In 2015, Ronaldo's number 7 Real Madrid shirt was the second best-selling worldwide, after Messi's number 10 Barcelona shirt.[334] In 2018, within 24 hours of his number 7 Juventus shirt being released, over 520,000 had been sold, with $62.4 million generated in one day.[335]
Ronaldo has established a strong online presence. The most popular sportsperson on social media, he counted over 500 million total followers acrossFacebook,Twitter andInstagram by February 2021, making him the first person to pass half a billion followers.[336] Themost-followed person on Facebook (171 million),most-followed on Instagram (650 million) andmost-followed sportsperson on Twitter (115 million), his sponsors earned $936 million in media value across his accounts between June 2016 and June 2017.[337]
After announcing the creation of hisYouTube channel, UR · Cristiano on 21 August 2024, it became the fastest to reach the 1 million subscribers milestone,[338] doing so in 90 minutes.[338][339][340][341] The channel also became the fastest to reach 5,[342] 10,[343] 20,[344] 30 and 50 million subscribers.[345] It also became the most subscribed channel in Portugal, surpassing the PortugueseNick Jr.[346] Computer security companyMcAfee produced a 2012 report ranking footballers by the probability of an internet search for their name leading to an unsafe website, with Ronaldo's name first on the list.[347]
Wealth and sponsorships
With earnings of €720 million (£615 million) from 2010 to 2019, Ronaldo was ranked second inForbes list of the decade's highest-paid athletes, behind boxerFloyd Mayweather Jr.[348]Forbes ranked Ronaldo as the highest-paid ahtlete in the world in 2016 ($88 million), 2017 ($93 million) and from 2023 to 2025 ($136 million, $260 million and $275 million respectively), and he has enteredevery top 10 since the ranking's inception in 2012.[349][350][351][352][337] He has also been included in every annual ranking of the highest-paid athletes bySportico: he was named the third highest-paid athlete of 2021 ($120 million) and 2022 ($115 million) and the highest-paid athlete of 2023 ($275 million) and 2024 ($260 million).[353][354][355] He is the first footballer and only the third sportsman to earn $1 billion in their career.[356]
Ronaldo is one of the world's most marketable sportsmen:SportsPro rated him the fifth most marketable athlete in 2012[357] and eighth most marketable athlete in 2013.[357][358] Sports market research company Repucom named Ronaldo the most marketable and most recognised football player in the world in May 2014.[359] Since his reputation grew at Manchester United, Ronaldo has signed many sponsorship deals for consumer products, including sportswear, football boots; since November 2012, Ronaldo has worn the Nike Mercurial Vapor personalised CR7 edition,[360] soft drinks, clothing, automotive lubricants, financial services, electronics, and video games.[361][362][363][364] Ronaldo featured as the cover star ofFIFA video gameFIFA 18 and was heavily involved in the game's promotion.[365] His "Sii"goal celebration features in theFIFA series, accompanied with his own voiceover.[304] He was also the face ofPro Evolution Soccer, appearing on the covers of the2008,2012 and2013 editions of the game.[366]
Philanthropy
Ronaldo in 2010
Ronaldo has made contributions to various charitable causes throughout his career. Television footage of the2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami showed an eight-year-old boy survivor namedMartunis wearing a Portuguese football shirt who was stranded for 19 days after his family was killed. Following this, Ronaldo visitedAceh, Indonesia, to raise funds for rehabilitation and reconstruction.[367][368] After accepting undisclosed damages from a libel case againstThe Sun newspaper in 2008, Ronaldo donated the damages to a charity inMadeira.[369]
In 2009, Ronaldo donated £100,000 to the hospital that saved his mother's life inMadeira following her battle with cancer, so that they could build a cancer centre on the island.[370] In support of the victims of the2010 Madeira flood, Ronaldo pledged to play in a charity match in Madeira between Primeira Liga club Porto and players from Madeiran-based clubsMarítimo and Nacional.[371]
In 2012, Ronaldo and his agent paid for specialist treatment for a nine-year-old Canarian boy with apparently terminal cancer.[372] In December 2012, Ronaldo joined FIFA's "11 for Health" programme to raise awareness among kids of how to steer clear of conditions including drug addiction, HIV, malaria, and obesity.[373] In January 2013, Ronaldo becameSave the Children's new Global Artist Ambassador, in which he hopes to help fight child hunger and obesity.[374] In March 2013, Ronaldo agreed to be the ambassador for theMangrove Care Forum Bali in Indonesia, an organisation aiming to raise awareness ofmangrove conservation.[375]
Ronaldo was named the world's most charitable sportsperson in 2015 after donating £5 million to the relief effort after theearthquake in Nepal which killed over 8,000 people.[376] In June 2016, Ronaldo donated the entirety of his €600,000 Champions League bonus after Real Madrid won the competition.[376] In August of the same year, Ronaldo launched CR7Selfie, aselfie app for charity to help Save the Children that lets participants take a selfie with him in one of several different outfits and poses.[377]
The Cristiano Ronaldo Museum,Museu CR7, in Funchal, Madeira, opened in December 2013.
In 2007, C.D. Nacional renamed its youth campus Cristiano Ronaldo Campus Futebol (Cristiano Ronaldo Football Campus).[378] In December 2013, Ronaldo opened a museum,Museu CR7, in his hometown of Funchal, Madeira, to house trophies and memorabilia;[379] the museum is an official sponsor of the local football teamUnião da Madeira.[380][381] At a ceremony held at theBelém Palace in January 2014, President of PortugalAníbal Cavaco Silva raised Ronaldo to the rank of Grand Officer of theOrder of Prince Henry "to distinguish an athlete of world renown who has been a symbol of Portugal globally, contributing to the international projection of the country and setting an example of tenacity for future generations."[382] In June 2015, astronomers led by David Sobral from Lisbon andLeiden discovered a galaxy which they namedCosmos Redshift 7 (CR7) in tribute to Ronaldo.[383]
On 23 July 2016, following Portugal's triumph at Euro 2016, Madeira Airport in Funchal was renamed asCristiano Ronaldo International Airport.[384] The name change was subject to much debate locally by some politicians and citizens, who even started a petition against the move, an action criticised by President of MadeiraMiguel Albuquerque.[385][386] On 21 September 2020, the Sporting CP'sfootball academy in Alcochete, until then calledAcademia Sporting, was renamedAcademia Cristiano Ronaldo.[387][388] In 2023, the Lisbon City Council approved awarding him, at the proposal of its president,Carlos Moedas, the Medal of Honor of the City, because he is "a great Lisboner, in the sense of the passion he has for the city".[389]
Public art
Public artwork of Ronaldo include a waxwork likeness inMadame Tussauds, London (left) and a bronze statue in Madeira (right), resembling the pose he strikes before taking free kicks.
In June 2010, during the build-up to the World Cup, Ronaldo became the fourth footballer, afterSteven Gerrard, Pelé, and David Beckham, to be represented as a waxwork atMadame Tussauds London.[390] Another waxwork of him was presented at the Madrid Wax Museum in December 2013.[391] A bronze statue of Ronaldo, designed by artist Ricardo Madeira Veloso, was unveiled in Funchal in December 2014.[392][393]
The unveiling of the rebranded Cristiano Ronaldo International Airport took place on 29 March 2017, which included a bust of his head being presented.[386] The bust and the name change were controversial, with the lack of the bust's likeness to Ronaldo being ridiculed by comedians, includingSaturday Night Live,[394][386] A year later, sports websiteBleacher Report commissioned sculptorEmanuel Santos to create another bust;[395] however, this bust was never used and a new one was made by a Spanish sculptor, shown to the public on 15 June 2018.[396]
Business ventures
Ronaldo opened a fashion boutique under the nameCR7 (his initials and shirt number) on the island of Madeira in 2006 and opened a second in Lisbon in 2008.[397] In partnership with Scandinavian manufacturer JBS Textile Group and the New York fashion designerRichard Chai, Ronaldo co-designed a range of underwear and sock line, released in November 2013.[398] He expanded hisCR7 fashion brand by launching a line of premium shirts and shoes in July 2014.[399][400]
In September 2015, Ronaldo released his own fragrance, "Legacy", in a partnership with Eden Parfums.[401] Since 26 October 2023, the new owners ofMedialivre (Correio da Manhã,Record andJornal de Negócios publisher) are a group of investors that include Cristiano Ronaldo through Portuguese company Expressão Livre.[402] In December 2011, he launched aniPhone game calledHeads Up with Cristiano, created by developerRockLive,[403] and in December 2013, he launchedViva Ronaldo, a dedicated social networking website and app.[404]
Media
Ronaldo's autobiography, titledMoments, was published in 2007.[405] His sponsor Castrol produced the television filmRonaldo: Tested to the Limit, in which he was physically and mentally tested in several areas; his physical performance was subject to scrutiny by world media upon the film's release in September 2011.[316]Cristiano Ronaldo: The World at His Feet, a documentary narrated by actorBenedict Cumberbatch, was released viaVimeo in June 2014.[406] A documentary film directed byAnthony Wonke about his life and career, titledRonaldo, was released on 9 November 2015.[407][408] He appears as a playable character in the 2025fighting gameFatal Fury: City of the Wolves.[409]
Personal life
Family, children, and relationships
Ronaldo is aCatholic.[410] Within his ancestry, he is of (one-eighth) Cape Verdean descent through his great-grandmother.[411] His father, José, died of an alcoholism-related liver condition at age 52 in September 2005 when Ronaldo was 20.[412] After her son achieved legendary status in world football, Cristiano Ronaldo's mother, Dolores Aveiro, became a popular personality in Portugal to such an extent that advertising campaigns for well-known brands in the country, such asMaggi, MultiOpticas andPingo Doce, have featured her in commercials.[413][414]
Ronaldo has five living children. He first became a father to a son, Cristiano Ronaldo Jr., who was born on 17 June 2010 in the United States.[415] He has full custody of the child and has not publicly revealed the identity of the mother per an agreement with her.[416][417] Ronaldo Jr. is a youth footballer who plays for Portugal Under-15s.[418] In January 2015, Ronaldo's five-year relationship with Russian modelIrina Shayk ended.[419] Then, in 2017, Ronaldo became a father totwins,[420] born on 8 June 2017 in the United States viasurrogacy.
Ronaldo is currently in a relationship with Argentine-born Spanish modelGeorgina Rodríguez,[421] who gave birth to a daughter on 12 November 2017.[422] The couple expected another set of twins in 2022. The male twin died during childbirth while the female twin survived.[423] On 11 August 2025, Rodríguez announced their engagement via Instagram.[424]
In July 2017, Ronaldo was charged with fraudulently evading almost €15 million in tax between 2011 and 2014, a claim he denied at the time.[427] In June 2018, Ronaldo was given a two-year suspended jail sentence and fined €18.8 million, later reduced to €16.8 million after reaching a deal with Spanish authorities. The sentence can be served under probation, without any jail time, so long as he does not re-offend.[428]
Ronaldo and another man were investigated by the BritishCrown Prosecution Service after a 2005 rape allegation was brought forward by two women. Within days, the two women withdrew their allegation andScotland Yard later issued a statement declaring there was not enough evidence for a prosecution.[429]
In April 2017, it was reported that Ronaldo was being investigated by theLas Vegas Police Department for an allegation by a woman that he had raped her in 2009.[430][431] Documents, confirmed by Ronaldo's lawyers, state that Ronaldo paid a womanUS$375,000 in anon-disclosure settlement.[430][432] Ronaldo and his lawyers issued a lengthy statement denying all accusations, describing them as an "intentional defamation campaign" with parts significantly "altered and/or completely fabricated",[433][434] a claim whichDer Spiegel categorically denied.[435]
In July 2019,Las Vegas prosecutors said they would not charge Ronaldo over allegations of rape; the statement added: "Based upon a review of information at this time, the allegations of sexual assault against Cristiano Ronaldo cannot be proven beyond areasonable doubt."[436] The same woman, in September 2018, filed acivillawsuit inNevada accusing Ronaldo of rape.[437]The Daily Mirror, citing court documents, reported in 2021 that the woman sought £56 million indamages from Ronaldo.[438]
In October 2021, federal magistrate judge Daniel Albregts recommended that the lawsuit be dismissed, citing that the woman's lawyer, Leslie Stovall, "acted in bad faith by asking for, receiving, and usingFootball Leaks documents to prosecute" the case, despite the documents containing "privileged communications" between Ronaldo and his lawyers. Additionally, Albregts stated that no evidence was found of Ronaldo's lawyers having "intimidated [the woman] or impeded law enforcement" during the 2010 settlement with her.[439] In June 2022, the woman's rape lawsuit wasdismissed with prejudice in theUnited States District Court for the District of Nevada, as district judgeJennifer A. Dorsey ruled that Stovall's repeated use of "cyber-hackedattorney–client privileged documents" were actions representing "abuses and flagrant circumvention of the proper litigation process".[437][440]
Ronaldo said in a 2025 interview withPiers Morgan that he really likes U.S. presidentDonald Trump and would like to meet him because they share much in common, particularly their desire forworld peace.[441][442] He later attended a state dinner hosted at theWhite House on November 18, 2025, and met with Trump in theOval Office the next day.[443][444][445][446]
^Does not include one goal scored on 18 September 2010 againstReal Sociedad.Marca, which awards thePichichi Trophy, attribute it to Ronaldo, while La Liga and UEFA attribute it toPepe.[450]
^Payne, Marissa (19 January 2016)."Cristiano Ronaldo was named after Ronald Reagan. No, really".Washington Post.Archived from the original on 6 March 2023. Retrieved23 June 2023 – via GQ.My parents named me after [Ronald Reagan] because they both liked this name and thought it sounded strong. [...] I know that my father admired him.
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