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| 2014 annexation of Crimea | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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On 18 March 2014, Russian presidentVladimir Putin gave a speech toboth chambers of theFederal Assembly of the Russian Federation in connection with the request for admission by theCrimean parliament of the republic in theRussian Federation.[1][2][3] He spoke in the St. George Hall of theGrand Kremlin Palace in theMoscow Kremlin.[4]
In the same place, Putin delivered another speech on 4 December 2014 that also picked out the Crimea as a central theme.[5]
In the beginning of his speech, Putin said that areferendum was held in full compliance with democratic procedures and rules of international law, and that the numbers supporting the entry of Crimea in Russia were very convincing.
Putin recalled the ancientChersonesos wherePrince Vladimir was baptized, on the graves of Russian soldiers onSevastopol — the home of theBlack Sea Fleet. Noted that theCrimean Tatars suffered cruel injustice in Soviet times, together with the other peoples, including theRussian people. After the Crimean Tatars have returned to their land, new solutions for a complete rehabilitation of the Crimean Tatar people are required. He proposed three equal official languages for Crimea -Russian,Ukrainian andCrimean Tatar.
The President stressed that in the heart of the Crimean people, Crimea has always been an integral part of Russia.Bolsheviks included a significant amount of the historical Russian southern land into theUkrainian SSR without taking into account the national composition of its population. Further, in 1954, the Crimea and Sevastopol in the Ukrainian SSR passed. This decision was taken in violation of constitutional norms, behind the scenes, in a totalitarian state residents of Crimea and Sevastopol nothing asked. That decision was seen as a formality, since the territory transferred within the same country.
Putin condemned the West's reaction to the events in the Crimea and sanctions against Russian and Ukrainian politicians. Russian President expressed gratitude to the people ofChina, praised the restraint ofIndia. Appealed to the U.S. freedom-loving people, stressing that freedom of the Crimean population is the same value. Referring to the fact that not all allies sympathized withGermany in 1989, it merged with theGerman Democratic Republic, Putin said that while the USSR supported the Germans sincere desire for national unity. The President expressed confidence that German citizens support the aspirations of the Russian world to restore the unity of 'Crimea will remain Russian and Ukrainian andCrimean Tatar. It will be home to the representatives of all the peoples living there. But he will neverBandera'.
Putin assured that Russia will not seek confrontation with the West and the East, and stressed that Russia and Ukraine — are one people. Ukraine will continue to live millions of Russian citizens, which means that Russia will always defend their interests.[6] In the speech Putin also insisted that Russia had no intention to invade other regions of Ukraine, saying "we don't want a division of Ukraine, we don't need that."[7]
Putin's speech lasted 45 minutes. During the speech, Putin used the term "natsional-predateli" ("national-traitors") which is acalque from the German termNationalverräter.[8][9][10]
Glenn Kessler fromThe Washington Post reported that several of Putin's statements were "dubious and false." In particular, he disputed Putin's claims that the referendum was legal and unrigged and that theSupreme Soviet had no authority to transfer Crimea from theRussian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR. He also accused Putin of making a false equivalency between the annexation and theUnited States's support ofKosovo'sunilateral declaration of independence fromSerbia.[11]
Daisy Sindelar ofRadio Free Europe criticized Putin for minimizing historic and current Soviet and Russian persecution of ethnic minorities, denying the legitimacy ofViktor Yushchenko's government after theOrange Revolution, and falsely stating that Ukraine was planning to join NATO before the annexation.[12]
Bob Dreyfuss ofThe Nation noted the speech's "aggrieved evocation ofRussia's history and its religious,Russian Orthodox overtones" and that "by annexing Crimea, Putin is almost certainly fueling the fire of the most extremenationalist elements in Kiev. Unless the situation changes soon, what had been a dangerous minority ofradical-right elements in the new Kiev government could gain huge new momentum, making Putin's inflated claims a self-fulfilling prophecy"[13]
In aBBC News article,Bridget Kendall called Putin's pledge to protectRussian minorities in the formerUnion republics "A veiled reminder for other former Soviet republics with Russian-speaking minorities to send a message that, as in Ukraine, Mr Putin views Russian compatriots there as part of a single Russian nation - and therefore conceivably might make moves to ensure their protection too, if he felt they needed it," citingMoldova'sTransnistria and theBaltic states as specific examples.[14]
In an interview with Tamara Zamyatina onITAR-TASS, Colonel-General Valery Manilov praised Putin's speech, saying "Vladimir Putin in a dignified manner rebuffed the cravings of our opponents from the US and Western countries to misrepresent the results of the Crimean referendum. Particularly convincing was his criticism of the EU officials who recalled the existence of international law in connection with referendum, although they more than once encroached on its provisions in Serbia, Iraq and Libya."
The British government's response to points made by President Putin lists 7 points, among them the Crimean "referendum", the accusation of terror, pogrom and murder as well as the legal status of the Ukrainian government; " (...) Parliament (...) remained unchanged and was elected in a free vote of the people in Ukraine. The interim government was approved by an overwhelming majority in a free vote in the Ukrainian Parliament, including representatives of Yanukovych's Party of the Regions."[15]
Hillary Clinton has compared events inCrimea to theCzech Crisis of 1938 and has directly compared Russia'sVladimir Putin toAdolf Hitler. Other politicians and journalists have done the same and have compared Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin toHitler's speech.[16][17][18][19]
Barack Obama gave a speech on 26 March 2014 to counter many of the arguments made by Putin. Obama stated that the historical relations between Ukraine and Russia did not give Russia the right to dictate Ukraine's future. He also denied Putin's claim that the Russian minority in Ukraine was in danger and argued that the Russians actions against Ukraine were undemocratic and constituted brute force.[20]
Future PresidentDonald Trump criticized the Obama administration after Putin's speech on aToday interview, saying that "Putin has eaten Obama's lunch, therefore our lunch, for a long period of time" and expressed concern that Obama would "do something very foolish and very stupid to show his manhood."[21]
In aCNN article,Newt Gingrich called the address "a very serious speech by a very determined national security professional who has spent his entire adult life trying to defendGreat Russian nationalism. He is clearly determined to unify and rebuild theRussian Empire as quickly as he can." However, he also opposedsanctions against Russia as meaningless "symbolic liberalism" that would cause aSecond Cold War orWorld War III and proposed a foreign policy "based on a realistic sense of what America can accomplish in amultipolar world in which there are many powers who fear the United States a lot more than they fear Putin."[22]
Russian historianAndrey Piontkovsky compared the speech toHitler's speech onSudetenland from 1939 as using "the same arguments and vision of history". According to him, this speech played key role in starting thewar in Donbas.[23]
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