| Counties of New York | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Location | State of New York |
| Number | 62 |
| Populations | 5,082 (Hamilton) – 2,617,631 (Kings) |
| Areas | 33.77 square miles (87.5 km2) (New York) – 2,821 square miles (7,310 km2) (St. Lawrence) |
| Government | |
| Subdivisions | |
| Part ofa series on |
| Regions of New York |
|---|
 |
There are 62counties in theU.S. state ofNew York.
The first 12 counties were created in 1683 soon after the British took over the Dutch colony ofNew Amsterdam; two of these counties were later abolished, their land going to Massachusetts.[1] These counties were carried over after independence in 1783, but most of the counties were created by the state in the 19th century. The newest county isthe Bronx, created in 1914 from the portions ofNew York County that had been annexed fromWestchester County in the late 19th century.[2] New York's counties are named for various Native American words; British provinces, counties, cities, and royalty; early American statesmen and military personnel; and New York State politicians.[3]
Excepting the five boroughs ofNew York City, New York counties are governed by New York County Law and have governments run by either a Board of Supervisors or a County Legislature, and either an elected County Executive or appointed county manager. Counties without charters are run by a Board of Supervisors, in which Town Supervisors from towns within the county also sit on the county Board of Supervisors. For counties with a charter, the executives generally have powers to veto acts of the county legislature. The legislatures have powers of setting policies, levying taxes and distributing funds.
Throughout the state, including NYC, the court system and public prosecution is primarily a matter of state law but is generally organized along county lines, chosen by county voters.
Five of New York's counties are each coextensive withNew York City's fiveboroughs. They are New York County (Manhattan), Kings County (Brooklyn), Bronx County (The Bronx), Richmond County (Staten Island), and Queens County (Queens). They are the smallest counties in New York by area.
In contrast to other counties of New York, the powers of the five boroughs of New York City are very limited and in nearly all respects are governed by the city government.[4] Some officials are elected on a borough-wide basis, the fiveborough presidents deal with Borough matters, while the district attorneys, and all county and state supreme court judges are generally concerned with the administration of state criminal and civil law and local ordinances in the county. There are no official county seats, but the locations of borough halls and courthouses bestow certain neighborhoods an informal designation as county seats within their boroughs:
| County | FIPS Code [5] | County seat [6] | Est. [6][7] | Formed from[2] | Named for[3] | Density (Pop./mi2) | Pop. (2024) [8] | Area [6] | Map |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albany County | 001 | Albany | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | James II of England (James VII of Scotland) (1633–1701), who wasDuke of York (English title) andDuke of Albany (Scottish title) before becomingKing of England,Ireland, andScotland. | 600.31 | 319,964 | 533 sq mi (1,380 km2) |  |
| Allegany County | 003 | Belmont | Apr 7, 1806 | Genesee County | A variant spelling of theAllegheny River | 45.74 | 47,299 | 1,034 sq mi (2,678 km2) |  |
| Bronx County | 005 | none (sui generis) | Jan 1, 1914[9] | New York County | TheBronx River | 24,111.51 | 1,384,724 | 57.43 sq mi (149 km2) |  |
| Broome County | 007 | Binghamton | Mar 28, 1806 | Tioga County | John Broome (1738–1810), fourthLieutenant Governor of New York | 274.68 | 196,397 | 715 sq mi (1,852 km2) |  |
| Cattaraugus County | 009 | Little Valley | Mar 11, 1808 | Genesee County | A word from an uncertainIroquoian language meaning "bad smelling banks", referring to the odor of natural gas which leaked fromCattaraugus Creek | 57.61 | 75,475 | 1,310 sq mi (3,393 km2) |  |
| Cayuga County | 011 | Auburn | Mar 8, 1799 | Onondaga County | TheCayuga tribe of Native Americans | 86.30 | 74,567 | 864 sq mi (2,238 km2) |  |
| Chautauqua County | 013 | Mayville | Mar 11, 1808 | Genesee County | Loanword from theErie language describingChautauqua Lake; language now lost and cannot be translated | 82.74 | 124,105 | 1,500 sq mi (3,885 km2) |  |
| Chemung County | 015 | Elmira | Mar 20, 1836 | Tioga County | ALenape word meaning "big horn", which was the name of a local Native American village | 197.45 | 81,115 | 410.81 sq mi (1,064 km2) |  |
| Chenango County | 017 | Norwich | Mar 15, 1798 | Tioga County and Herkimer County | AnOnondaga word meaning "large bull-thistle" | 50.93 | 45,776 | 898.85 sq mi (2,328 km2) |  |
| Clinton County | 019 | Plattsburgh | Mar 4, 1788 | Washington County | George Clinton (1739–1812), fourthVice President of the United States and first and thirdGovernor of New York | 69.65 | 77,871 | 1,118 sq mi (2,896 km2) |  |
| Columbia County | 021 | Hudson | Apr 1, 1786 | Albany County | Christopher Columbus (1451–1506), the European explorer | 93.05 | 60,299 | 648 sq mi (1,678 km2) |  |
| Cortland County | 023 | Cortland | Apr 8, 1808 | Onondaga County | Pierre Van Cortlandt (1721–1814), firstLieutenant Governor of New York | 91.52 | 45,945 | 502 sq mi (1,300 km2) |  |
| Delaware County | 025 | Delhi | Mar 10, 1797 | Otsego County and Ulster County | Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr (1577–1618), an early colonial leader inVirginia. Name applied to the bay, river, and Lenape Native Americans | 30.10 | 44,191 | 1,468 sq mi (3,802 km2) |  |
| Dutchess County | 027 | Poughkeepsie | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | Mary of Modena (1658–1718), Duchess of York and wife of KingJames II of England | 363.59 | 299,963 | 825 sq mi (2,137 km2) |  |
| Erie County | 029 | Buffalo | Apr 2, 1821 | Niagara County | TheErie tribe of Native Americans | 774.74 | 950,602 | 1,227 sq mi (3,178 km2) |  |
| Essex County | 031 | Elizabethtown | Mar 1, 1799 | Clinton County | The county ofEssex in England | 19.18 | 36,744 | 1,916 sq mi (4,962 km2) |  |
| Franklin County | 033 | Malone | Mar 11, 1808 | Clinton County | Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), the early American printer, scientist, and statesman | 27.75 | 47,086 | 1,697 sq mi (4,395 km2) |  |
| Fulton County | 035 | Johnstown | Apr 18, 1838 | Montgomery County | Robert Fulton (1765–1815), inventor of thesteamship | 97.70 | 52,073 | 533 sq mi (1,380 km2) |  |
| Genesee County | 037 | Batavia | Mar 30, 1802 | Ontario County and land acquired in theHolland Purchase | ASeneca phrase meaning "good valley" | 116.37 | 57,604 | 495 sq mi (1,282 km2) |  |
| Greene County | 039 | Catskill | Mar 25, 1800 | Albany County and Ulster County | Nathanael Greene (1742–1786), theAmerican Revolutionary War general | 71.28 | 46,903 | 658 sq mi (1,704 km2) |  |
| Hamilton County | 041 | Lake Pleasant | Apr 12, 1816 | Montgomery County | Alexander Hamilton (1755–1804), the early American political theorist and firstSecretary of the Treasury | 2.81 | 5,082 | 1,808 sq mi (4,683 km2) |  |
| Herkimer County | 043 | Herkimer | Feb 16, 1791 | Montgomery County | Nicholas Herkimer (1728–1777), theAmerican Revolutionary War general | 40.87 | 59,585 | 1,458 sq mi (3,776 km2) |  |
| Jefferson County | 045 | Watertown | Mar 28, 1805 | Oneida County | Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), the early American statesman, author of theDeclaration of Independence, and thirdPresident of the United States | 60.93 | 113,140 | 1,857 sq mi (4,810 km2) |  |
| Kings County | 047 | none (sui generis) | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | KingCharles II of England (1630–1685) | 27,013.74 | 2,617,631 | 96.9 sq mi (251 km2) |  |
| Lewis County | 049 | Lowville | Mar 28, 1805 | Oneida County | Morgan Lewis (1754–1844), the fourthGovernor of New York | 20.60 | 26,570 | 1,290 sq mi (3,341 km2) |  |
| Livingston County | 051 | Geneseo | Feb 23, 1821 | Genesee County and Ontario County | Robert Livingston (1746–1813), the early American statesman and New York delegate to theContinental Congress | 96.19 | 61,561 | 640 sq mi (1,658 km2) |  |
| Madison County | 053 | Wampsville | Mar 21, 1806 | Chenango County | James Madison (1751–1836), the early American statesman, principal author of theConstitution of the United States, and fourthPresident of the United States | 101.32 | 67,072 | 662 sq mi (1,715 km2) |  |
| Monroe County | 055 | Rochester | Feb 23, 1821 | Genesee County and Ontario County | James Monroe (1758–1831), the early American statesman and fifthPresident of the United States | 550.66 | 752,202 | 1,366 sq mi (3,538 km2) |  |
| Montgomery County | 057 | Fonda | Mar 12, 1772 | Albany County | Originally Tryon County after colonial governorWilliam Tryon (1729–1788), renamed after theAmerican Revolutionary War generalRichard Montgomery (1738–1775) in 1784 | 121.09 | 49,648 | 410 sq mi (1,062 km2) |  |
| Nassau County | 059 | Mineola | Jan 1, 1899 | Queens County | The Princes ofOrange-Nassau ruled the Netherlands when Long Island was a Dutch colony | 3,073.81 | 1,392,438 | 453 sq mi (1,173 km2) |  |
| New York County | 061 | none (sui generis) | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | KingJames II of England (1633–1701), who was Duke of York and Albany before he ascended the throne of England, Duke of York being his English title | 49,175.72 | 1,660,664 | 33.77 sq mi (87 km2) |  |
| Niagara County | 063 | Lockport | Mar 11, 1808 | Genesee County | TheIroquoian name of a tribe within theNeutral Nation, the exact translation of which remains disputed | 183.83 | 209,570 | 1,140 sq mi (2,953 km2) |  |
| Oneida County | 065 | Utica | Mar 15, 1798 | Herkimer County | TheOneida tribe of Native Americans | 188.25 | 228,347 | 1,213 sq mi (3,142 km2) |  |
| Onondaga County | 067 | Syracuse | Mar 5, 1794 | Herkimer County | TheOnondaga tribe of Native Americans | 582.89 | 469,812 | 806 sq mi (2,088 km2) |  |
| Ontario County | 069 | Canandaigua | Jan 27, 1789 | Land acquired in thePhelps and Gorham Purchase | AnIroquoian word meaning "beautiful lake" | 170.71 | 113,012 | 662 sq mi (1,715 km2) |  |
| Orange County | 071 | Goshen | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | William of Orange-Nassau (1650–1702), who became King William III of England | 490.78 | 411,767 | 839 sq mi (2,173 km2) |  |
| Orleans County | 073 | Albion | Nov 12, 1824 | Genesee County | The French RoyalHouse of Orléans | 48.58 | 39,686 | 817 sq mi (2,116 km2) |  |
| Oswego County | 075 | Oswego | Mar 1, 1816 | Oneida County and Onondaga County | TheOswego River, from anIroquoian word meaning "the outpouring", referring to the mouth of the river | 90.17 | 118,305 | 1,312 sq mi (3,398 km2) |  |
| Otsego County | 077 | Cooperstown | Feb 16, 1791 | Montgomery County | A Native American word meaning "place of the rock" | 60.34 | 60,524 | 1,003 sq mi (2,598 km2) |  |
| Putnam County | 079 | Carmel Hamlet | Jun 12, 1812 | Dutchess County | Israel Putnam (1718–1790), anAmerican Revolutionary War general | 400.04 | 98,409 | 246 sq mi (637 km2) |  |
| Queens County | 081 | none (sui generis) | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | Catherine of Braganza (1638–1705), Queen of England and wife of KingCharles II of England | 12,995.52 | 2,316,841 | 178.28 sq mi (462 km2) |  |
| Rensselaer County | 083 | Troy | Feb 7, 1791 | Albany County | In honor of the family ofKiliaen van Rensselaer (before 1596 – after 1643), the early landholder in the DutchNew Netherland colony | 241.73 | 160,749 | 665 sq mi (1,722 km2) |  |
| Richmond County | 085 | none (sui generis) | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1672–1723), the illegitimate son of KingCharles II of England | 4,860.60 | 498,212 | 102.5 sq mi (265 km2) |  |
| Rockland County | 087 | New City | Feb 23, 1798 | Orange County | Early settlers' description of terrain as "rocky land" | 1,749.47 | 348,144 | 199 sq mi (515 km2) |  |
| St. Lawrence County | 089 | Canton | Mar 3, 1802 | Clinton County, Herkimer County, and Montgomery County | TheSt Lawrence River, which forms the northern border of the county and New York State | 37.65 | 106,198 | 2,821 sq mi (7,306 km2) |  |
| Saratoga County | 091 | Ballston Spa | Feb 7, 1791 | Albany County | A corruption of a Native American word meaning "the hill beside the river" | 284.79 | 240,360 | 844 sq mi (2,186 km2) |  |
| Schenectady County | 093 | Schenectady | Mar 27, 1809 | Albany County | AMohawk word meaning "on the other side of the pine lands" | 772.67 | 162,261 | 210 sq mi (544 km2) |  |
| Schoharie County | 095 | Schoharie | Apr 6, 1795 | Albany County and Otsego County | AMohawk word meaning "floating driftwood" | 48.16 | 30,151 | 626 sq mi (1,621 km2) |  |
| Schuyler County | 097 | Watkins Glen | Apr 17, 1854 | Chemung County, Steuben County, and Tompkins County | Philip Schuyler (1733–1804), theAmerican Revolutionary War general andSenator from New York | 50.06 | 17,121 | 342 sq mi (886 km2) |  |
| Seneca County | 099 | Waterloo | Mar 24, 1804 | Cayuga County | TheSeneca tribe ofNative Americans | 100.46 | 32,650 | 325 sq mi (842 km2) |  |
| Steuben County | 101 | Bath | Mar 18, 1796 | Ontario County | Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben (1730–1794), the Prussian general who assisted theContinental Army during theAmerican Revolutionary War | 65.54 | 92,015 | 1,404 sq mi (3,636 km2) |  |
| Suffolk County | 103 | Riverhead | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | The county ofSuffolk in England | 647.24 | 1,535,909 | 2,373 sq mi (6,146 km2) |  |
| Sullivan County | 105 | Monticello | Mar 27, 1809 | Ulster County | John Sullivan (1740–1795), anAmerican Revolutionary War general | 80.69 | 80,450 | 997 sq mi (2,582 km2) |  |
| Tioga County | 107 | Owego | Feb 16, 1791 | Montgomery County | A Native American word meaning "at the forks", describing a meeting place | 90.96 | 47,574 | 523 sq mi (1,355 km2) |  |
| Tompkins County | 109 | Ithaca | Apr 7, 1817 | Cayuga County and Seneca County | Daniel D. Tompkins (1774–1825), the 6thVice President of the United States | 221.85 | 105,602 | 476 sq mi (1,233 km2) |  |
| Ulster County | 111 | Kingston | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | The Irish province ofUlster, then an earldom of the Duke of York, later KingJames II of England | 157.60 | 182,977 | 1,161 sq mi (3,007 km2) |  |
| Warren County | 113 | Queensbury | Mar 12, 1813 | Washington County | Joseph Warren (1741–1775), the early American patriot andAmerican Revolutionary War general | 75.04 | 65,288 | 870 sq mi (2,253 km2) |  |
| Washington County | 115 | Fort Edward | Mar 12, 1772 | Albany County | Originally Charlotte County, renamed in 1784 afterGeorge Washington (1732–1799), theAmerican Revolutionary War general and firstPresident of the United States | 70.73 | 59,839 | 846 sq mi (2,191 km2) |  |
| Wayne County | 117 | Lyons | Apr 11, 1823 | Ontario County and Seneca County | GeneralAnthony Wayne (1745–1796), theAmerican Revolutionary War general | 65.58 | 90,757 | 1,384 sq mi (3,585 km2) |  |
| Westchester County | 119 | White Plains | Nov 1, 1683 | One of 12 original counties created in theNew York colony | The city ofChester in England | 2,012.89 | 1,006,447 | 500 sq mi (1,295 km2) |  |
| Wyoming County | 121 | Warsaw | May 14, 1841 | Genesee County | A modification of a word from theLenape language meaning "broad bottom lands" | 66.42 | 39,588 | 596 sq mi (1,544 km2) |  |
| Yates County | 123 | Penn Yan | Feb 5, 1823 | Ontario County and Steuben County | Joseph C. Yates (1768–1837), eighthGovernor of New York | 64.86 | 24,387 | 376 sq mi (974 km2) |  |
| County | Created [2] | Abolished [2] | Fate[2] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Charlotte County | 1772 | 1784 | Partitioned. Western part renamed asWashington County and eastern part transferred toVermont. |
| Cornwall County | 1665 | 1686 | Transferred to the part ofMassachusetts that later became the state ofMaine and partitioned; one of the 12 original counties created in the New York colony |
| Cumberland County | 1766 | 1777 | Transferred toVermont and partitioned |
| Dukes County | November 1, 1683 | 1692 | Transferred toMassachusetts; one of 12 original counties created in the New York colony |
| Gloucester County | 1770 | 1777 | Transferred toVermont and partitioned |
| Mexico County | 1792 | 1796 | Never settled or incorporated, reallocated to Oneida, Oswego and Jefferson Counties. |
| Tryon County | 1772 | 1784 | Renamed asMontgomery County |
| County | Note |
|---|---|
| Adirondack County | Would hypothetically consist of portions of northernEssex County and southernFranklin County[10] |
| Peconic County | Would hypothetically consist of the five easternmost towns inSuffolk County onLong Island.[11] |
