A number of significantcouncils of theLatin Church were held atAachen (also known in French asAix-la-Chapelle) in the early Middle Ages.
In the mixed council of 798,Charlemagne proclaimed acapitulary of eighty-one chapters, largely a repetition of earlier ecclesiastical legislation, that was accepted by the clergy and acquired canonical authority. At the council of 799, after a discussion of six daysFelix (bishop of Urgell) in Spain, avowed himself overcome byAlcuin and withdrew his theory ofAdoptionism.
At the council held in 809, the Frankish Church adopted thefilioque addition in the Creed (which contributed to theEast–West Schism), although Pope Leo III refused to recognize it as valid (and the Church of Rome did not accept this addition until 1014).[1][2][3][4][5][6]
In theSynods of Aachen (816–819), clerical and monastic discipline was the chief issue. The council of 816 established theRule of Aix which was made obligatory on all establishments of canons and canonesses. The later councils imposed a new revision of theRule of Saint Benedict on the monks of theBenedictine Order byBenedict of Aniane. A list of monasteries and the services to the crown that they owed following these councils can be found in theNotitia de servitio monasteriorum. The synod of 836 was largely attended and devoted itself to the restoration of ecclesiastical discipline that had been affected by the civil wars betweenLouis the Pious and his sons.
From 860 to 862 three councils were occupied with the question of the divorce of KingLothair II from his wife,Teutberga.[7]
In 1166 took place the schismatic council, approved by theAntipope Paschal III, in which was decreed thecanonization of Charlemagne, that was solemnly celebrated 29 December of that year.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Aachen".Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.