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| Cordaitales | |
|---|---|
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| Fossil bark of aCordaites sp | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | †Cordaitales |
| Families | |
Cordaitales are an extinct order ofgymnosperms, known from the earlyCarboniferous to the latePermian. Many Cordaitales had elongated strap-like leaves, resembling some modern-day conifers of theAraucariaceae andPodocarpaceae. They had cone-like reproductive structures reminiscent of those of modern conifers. Some Cordaitales formed large trees that seem to have been particularly abundant on drier ground, in tropical environments. Also, some tall trees but also shrubby andmangrove-like species of Cordaitales seem to have grown in theCarboniferous coal swamps. Cordaitales were also abundant during thePermian. Common genera from the Carboniferous includeMesoxylon andCordaixylon. Other genera areNoeggerathiopsis andSumaropsis.
Features of the female cone (megastrobilus) of the members of Cordaitales indicate that the cone scales, possessed by themselves and their descendants, may correspond to shortshoots, rather than leaves. This is because the cone consists of these short shoots, emerging frombracts. Among conifers, a leaf of any kind does not emerge from theaxil of a bract.[1]: 55
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