| Magpie-robins | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Malewhite-rumped shama (Copsychus malabaricus) | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Muscicapidae |
| Genus: | Copsychus Wagler, 1827 |
| Type species | |
| Gracula saularis[1] Linnaeus, 1758 | |
| Species | |
see text | |
Themagpie-robins orshamas (fromshama,Bengali andHindi forC. malabaricus)[2] are medium-sized insectivorous birds (some also eat berries and other fruit) in the genusCopsychus. They were formerly in thethrush family Turdidae, but are now treated as part of theOld World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. They are garden- and forest-dwelling species found in Africa and Asia.
The genusCopsychus was introduced by the German naturalistJohann Georg Wagler in 1827.[3] Thetype species was subsequently designated as theoriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis) by the English zoologistGeorge Robert Gray in 1840.[4][5] The nameCopsychus is from theAncient Greekkopsukhos orkopsikhos, meaning "blackbird".[6]
The genus contains 17 species:[7]
| Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Copsychus saularis | Oriental magpie-robin | Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, eastern Pakistan, eastern Indonesia, Thailand, southern China, Malaysia and Singapore |
 | Copsychus sechellarum | Seychelles magpie-robin | the Seychelles |
 | Copsychus mindanensis | Philippine magpie-robin | the Philippines |
 | Copsychus albospecularis | Madagascar magpie-robin | Madagascar |
| Copsychus pyrropygus | Rufous-tailed shama | southern Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo | |
 | Copsychus fulicatus | Indian robin | Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka |
| Copsychus luzoniensis | White-browed shama | the Philippines | |
| Copsychus superciliaris | Visayan shama | Visayan Islands in the Philippines | |
 | Copsychus niger | White-vented shama | Palawan, Balabac and Calamian in the Philippines |
| Copsychus cebuensis | Black shama | Cebu in the Philippines | |
 | Copsychus albiventris | Andaman shama | the Andaman Islands |
| Copsychus omissus (split fromC. malabaricus) | Larwo shama | Java | |
| Copsychus stricklandii | White-crowned shama | north Borneo andBanggi | |
| Copsychus barbouri (split fromC. stricklandii) | Maratua shama | Maratua (extinct in the wild) | |
| Copsychus nigricauda (split fromC. malabaricus) | Kangean shama | Kangean Islands (probably extinct in the wild) | |
| Copsychus leggei (split fromC. malabaricus) | Sri Lanka shama | Sri Lanka | |
 | Copsychus malabaricus | White-rumped shama | India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Java, Borneo |
The Seychelles magpie-robin is one of the most endangered birds in the world, with a population of less than 250, although this is a notable increase from just 16 in 1970.
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