Contai Kanthi | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Contai Municipality | |
| Nickname: Coastal City | |
  Contai Location in West Bengal, India Show map of West Bengal Contai Contai (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:21°47′N87°45′E / 21.78°N 87.75°E /21.78; 87.75 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | Midnapore East |
| Sub Division | Contai subdivision |
| Established | 1958 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Contai Municipality |
| • Chairman | Suprakash Giri |
| Area | |
• Total | 14 km2 (5.4 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 92,226 |
| • Density | 4,492/km2 (11,630/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Medinipur |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 721401 |
| Telephone code | 91-3220 |
| Vehicle registration | WB-31-xxxx, WB-32-xxxx |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Contai |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Contai South |
| Website | contaimunicipality |
Contai, also known asKanthi (Bengali pronunciation:[kañtʰi]),[2] is a coastal and subdivisional city and a municipality in East Midnapore district,West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of theContai subdivision.[3]
In the 5th century, during the visit ofFa-Hien, Contai was uninhabited and had no name for the outside world. In Valentine's[who?] travelogue, a harbour, Petua by name, was mentioned. This harbour was on the bank of the river Rasulpur, a short distance from the Rasulpur estuary. Later the harbour was shifted to the present site of the Contai Town. However, it is said, the name of the abandoned port was retained for its new location, In foreigners tongue, Petua is said to have changed first to Cauntee and finally to Contai, whereas in local tongue it has changed to Kanthi (কাঁথি).[citation needed]
According to the geologists, the present geographical dimension of Contai came into existence with the great natural disaster of the third century AD (flood), which createdChilka lake out of the Chilka Bay.Kanthi, that isContai, means "sand-bound reefs" or sand walls. The nameContai may thus be an English expression of the local jargon meaning "sand heaps".[4]
But linguists raise serious doubts about such change of pronunciation. They offer other suggestions. Yogesh Chandra Sarkar thinks that the name Kanthi owes its origin to outstretched sand-dune, about 27 miles from Rasulpur estuary to Peeplipattan, that from the sea looked like a long wall or Kanth (কাঁথি) as it is called by local people. Some suggest that the name may originate from the custom of local people to build long walls or Kanths around their habitation in order to keep off wild beasts like buffaloes, tigers and rhinoceroses that were found in abundance then and these Kanths gave the place its name.[citation needed]
In 1243, Contai was the site of theBattle of Katasin, in whichNarasingha Deva I of theEastern Ganga dynasty defeatedTughral Tughan Khan, the Bengal governor of theMamluk dynasty of Delhi.[5] Contai was later a part of theHijli Kingdom, a tributary state ofOrissa ruled by the Hindu king Gopinath Pattanayak. In 1852 theEast India Company of British India announced Contai as a Sub-Division consisting of six police stations - Contai, Khejuri, Ramnagar, Bhagwanpur, Egra and Patashpur.[6] But the Government continued working from Negua. The Sub-Division that covered 912 square miles (2,400 km2) was the second largest in Bengal .In 1863 whenNimak Mahal (the salt factory and business center) at Contai, in the teeth of a serious crisis, ceased functioning, the Sub-Divisional office was shifted from Negua to the abandoned Nimak Mahal building.[7][8]
Bankim Chandra Chottopadhyay, the precursor of Bengali novel, worked as the Deputy Magistrate of Contai, though for a short period, from January 1860 to November of the year.[9]
Contai is about 160 km fromKolkata and 31 km from the beach townDigha.
Contai receives heavy rains during monsoon. Winters are not that severe. Summers are average and cooler than that of northern India.
| Climate data for Contai (1991–2020, extremes 1948–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.5 (90.5) | 37.2 (99.0) | 40.2 (104.4) | 43.8 (110.8) | 43.6 (110.5) | 43.6 (110.5) | 39.2 (102.6) | 37.3 (99.1) | 37.8 (100.0) | 38.4 (101.1) | 36.3 (97.3) | 33.8 (92.8) | 43.8 (110.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) | 28.5 (83.3) | 33.0 (91.4) | 35.3 (95.5) | 36.4 (97.5) | 35.0 (95.0) | 32.9 (91.2) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.4 (90.3) | 31.8 (89.2) | 30.0 (86.0) | 26.1 (79.0) | 31.6 (88.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.6 (54.7) | 16.4 (61.5) | 21.8 (71.2) | 24.9 (76.8) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.4 (79.5) | 25.7 (78.3) | 25.4 (77.7) | 25.2 (77.4) | 23.4 (74.1) | 17.7 (63.9) | 13.3 (55.9) | 21.7 (71.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 6.4 (43.5) | 6.9 (44.4) | 10.3 (50.5) | 16.4 (61.5) | 17.2 (63.0) | 13.8 (56.8) | 21.3 (70.3) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.5 (70.7) | 14.9 (58.8) | 10.9 (51.6) | 7.1 (44.8) | 7.7 (45.9) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 10.4 (0.41) | 20.4 (0.80) | 30.8 (1.21) | 39.9 (1.57) | 130.7 (5.15) | 223.2 (8.79) | 360.5 (14.19) | 362.7 (14.28) | 363.9 (14.33) | 189.5 (7.46) | 31.2 (1.23) | 5.4 (0.21) | 1,768.6 (69.63) |
| Average rainy days | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 9.2 | 15.5 | 15.3 | 12.5 | 6.0 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 71.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%)(at 17:30IST) | 73 | 75 | 71 | 71 | 73 | 75 | 75 | 72 | 76 | 77 | 72 | 71 | 73 |
| Source:India Meteorological Department[10][11][12] | |||||||||||||
93.55% of the population of Contai subdivision live in the rural areas. Only 6.45% of the population live in the urban areas and it is considerably behind Haldia subdivision in urbanization, where 20.81% of the population live in urban areas.[13]
As per2011 Census of India, Contai had a total population of 92,226 of which 49,031 (53%) were males and 43,195 (47%) were females. Population below 6 years was 8,440. The total number of literates in Contai was 78,500 (93.69% of the population over 6 years).[14]
As of 2001[update] Indiacensus,[15] Contai had a population of 77,497. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Contai has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 85% and, female literacy is 78%. In Contai, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.
In 2011 census Hindus numbered 73,732 and formed 79.95% of the population in Contai Municipal Area. Muslims numbered 18,263 and formed 19.80% of the population.[17] Others numbered 231 and formed 0.25% of the population.[16] In 2001, Hindus made up 79.95% and Muslims 19.80% of the population respectively.[18]
_sub_divisional_Court_04.jpg)
Located at the heart of the town, Contai police station has jurisdiction overContai I andDeshapran CD Blocks. It covers an area of 370.80 km2 with a population of 382,216.[19] Contai Women police station was opened on 18 March 2012. It has jurisdiction over Contai subdivision.[20][21]
Contai is famous for itstourism,cashew crop, fishing and processing industries.Fishing is the predominant high earning business apart from Cashew processing in Contai. Many people are associated withPrawn cultivation. Processing of dry fish is also practised in certain regions. The cultivation fields are generally outside the main town.Paddy is the main food crop cultivated in Contai. Cashew processing industry is mainly practised in the areas in and around Majna, a village 5 km off Contai town. It is the second highest paddy producing district in West Bengal. The land is highly fertile and therefore, agriculture is also the major driving force that sustains the middle-class economy of this region. However, sometimes agriculture is affected by frequent floods due to torrentialmonsoon rains andcyclones formed from depressions in theBay of Bengal. A major portion of the towns dwellers are associated with business. Businessmen still form the major number of workforce in the main town. The main bazaar of Contai town is Contai Super Market. Apart from that there are New Market, Raja Bazaar, and unorganized market distributed throughout. Popular tourist attractions likeDigha,Mandarmani,Junput,Tajpur, Sankarpur are near the area of Contai Subdivision. Petuaghat, the biggest fishing port of Asia is located near Contai.[citation needed]
Contai is well connected by roads/highways with other nearby cities and towns and several important junctions like,Digha,Dantan,Jhargram,Kharagpur,Midnapore,Tamluk,Haldia,Howrah andKolkata.Kanthi railway station is connected by a rail link toHowrah/Kolkata which is again extended toDigha.Kandari Express,Tamralipta Express andHowrah–Digha Super AC Express connects Kolkata and Contai. Local trains are available too. Contai is directly connected by rail toAsansol,Malda Town andSiliguri of West Bengal,Puri ofOdisha andVishakapatnam ofAndhra Pradesh. The rail line is believed to have given a rise to the local economy. For local transportation, bus, mini-bus, taxi and much eco-friendly options liketoto, autos andcycle rickshaws are available.
_town%2c_Purba_Medinipur_11.jpg)
The opening of Central Central Bus Terminus has eased the traffic congestion within the town to a great deal. TheNH-116B fromNandakumar toDigha which passes through Contai was scheduled to get converted to dual road within 2020 thus enabling swifter trade, commerce and tourism.
There are a number of well-known schools and colleges in Contai. For higher education, besides thePrabhat Kumar College under theVidyasagar University,[22] there is an Ayurvedic medical college, named Raghunath Ayurved Mahavidyalaya and Hospital; a Government Polytechnic Engineering College named Contai Polytechnic; a private management college, named Contai College of Learning and Management Science; three B.Ed colleges; private ITI colleges and many more. There are plans to upgrade the Contai sub-divisional hospital into a medical college.[citation needed]
Vidyamandir
There are many hospitals in the Contai town; one is the Contai Subdivisional Hospital.[23] People of this subdivision depend mainly on this hospital. There are also many private nursing homes.
Among many festivals in Contai, "Gandhi Mela" is the most popular. It is a type of fair. It is held during January/February every year and it continues for 10 or 15 days. Many people from Contai and neighbouring subdivisions take part in "Gandhi Mela" not only for amusement but also for agricultural and industrial exhibitions. There are also some cultural institutions like Contai Bramho Samaj, Contai Harisabha, Contai Club etc. The regular Bengali festivals likeDurga Puja,Saraswati Puja andKali Puja are well attended. Other common pujas in the worship of Sitala, Jagaddhatri,Holi,Janmastami, Bheema Puja, Viswakarma also takes place. Film productions has newly seen a growth in recent years in this town. Several cultural programmes are frequently organised at the Town Hall. There is also an annual book fair held in the town. Baishakhi mela is another popular fair organised recently by the Contai Nandanik Club. There are frequent T20 tournaments held in winter in the various stadiums of Contai. Muharram Mela and Tajiya demonstration are some popular festivals in Contai observed by Muslims of the region and collectively shared and enjoyed by Hindus and other communities of the region as well. There is a competition held in Darua Karabala maidan for the best decorated Tajiya.
Contai is famous forpital (brass),kansa silpo (tin) andmadur silpo (mat made of a kind of grass).
{{cite web}}:Missing or empty|url= (help)
Junput travel guide from Wikivoyage
Cities, towns, locations and neighbourhoods inEast Midnapore District,Medinipur division | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cities,municipal andcensus towns |
|  | ||||||||
| Locations other than cities and towns |
| |||||||||
| Neighbourhoods |
| |||||||||
| Related topics | ||||||||||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
