| Congregation Shearith Israel | |
|---|---|
Hebrew:קהילת שארית ישראל דבאלטימאר | |
 Shearith Israel, Glen Avenue synagogue | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Orthodox Judaism |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue |
| Leadership | Rabbi Yaakov Hopfer |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 5835 Park Heights Avenue,Park Heights,Baltimore,Maryland 21215 |
| Country | United States |
| Coordinates | 39°21′21″N76°41′15″W / 39.35584°N 76.68746°W /39.35584; -76.68746 |
| Architecture | |
| Founder | Abraham Joseph Rice |
| Established | 1879(merged congregation)
|
| Completed | |
| Website | |
| sicbaltimore | |
Congregation Shearith Israel (Hebrew:קהילת שארית ישראל דבאלטימאר;nicknamedThe Glen Avenue Shul) is a historicOrthodoxJewish congregation andsynagogue, located at 5835 Park Heights Avenue, inPark Heights, northwestBaltimore,Maryland, in the United States.[1]
Shearith Israel is the oldest Baltimore congregation to remain Orthodox throughout its history.
Shearith Israel was the second congregation served byrabbiAbraham Joseph Rice in Baltimore[2] who opened Shearith Israel following his departure from Nidchei Yisrael (known today as TheBaltimore Hebrew Congregation).[3] Rice resigned his post in 1849 following the board's decision to reconstitute and adapt certain reforms and their subsequent appointment ofHenry Hochheimer.[4]
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Rice founded the first synagogue in 1851 onHoward Street in a rented home; it is unclear whether they had aMinyan during the early years.[2] The congregation was to later move to Greene and Redwood Streets (called German Street then, changed duringWorld War I) after it merged with Congregation Shevet Achim ofEutaw Street in 1879 (the building today is used as Calvary Methodist Episcopal Church South).
At approximately 1905, the congregation built theMcCulloh Street synagogue in the AmericanRomanesque Revival style (with Moorish capitals, eastern-Gothic turrets, and a distinctive ocular window at the entrance). This synagogue was sold, approximately 1935, to become the ZerubabbelGrand Lodge, which it remains today.[5]
The synagogue was dedicated on September 11, 1903. The McCulloh Street Synagogue closed in 1958. Included in the voting membership was Henry Hartogensis, the prominent orthodoxGabbai and financial officer, who had transferred fromChizuk Amuno[6]
Beginning in 1923, the board in the McCulloh synagogue appealed for a new building in Upper Park Heights, reflecting on thesuburbanization of the Jewish community tostreetcar suburbs ofPark Heights,Druid Hill, and Garrison. The proposed project was commended for its frugality and conservatism, and was awarded the first mortgage granted to a synagogue by the Eutaw Savings Bank.[7] Possibly due to the funds saved with the frugal architecture, innovations were put into place such as an improvedMechitzah of curved wrought iron (the McCulloh Street synagogue only had an embankment wall) based on the design of the Hirsch-Breuer Congregation K’hal Adath Jeshurun (known as the Friedberger Anlage, or Synagogue of the Israelitische Religionsgesellschaft).
A member of the Kehillah, Nathan Adler, fundraised and planned aMikveh in the building; the size of the structure was approved of by RabbiYisrael Meir Kagan, The Chofetz Chaim.
The dedication of the synagogue on Glen and Park Heights avenues (hence the name, theGlen Avenue Shul, then the only synagogue on Glen Avenue) took place in 1925, and the speakers were rabbis Isaiah Levy and Phillip Hillel Klein.
The constitution of the synagogue required that the only voting members (and those permitted for honors, such asAliyah and Opening the Ark) were those who were Sabbath observant; despite the new synagogue having 150 members, less than 10 were voting members.[7] This contributed to the breakoff and formation of Beth Jacob Congregation (now defunct) next door.
The following individuals have served as rabbi of the Congregation Shearith Israel:
| Ordinal[a] | Officeholder | Term start | Term end | Time in office | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| − | Abraham Joseph Rice | c. 1851 | 1862 | 10–11 years | The first ordained rabbi in the United States, Rice was aTalmid Chacham, and a strict adherent and fighter for Orthodoxy (he excommunicatedIsaac Mayer Wise).[2] |
| 1 | Dr.Abba Schepsel Schaffer | 1893 | 1928 | 34–35 years | [8][9] |
| 2 | Shimon Schwab | 1937 | 1958 | 20–21 years | Brought to Baltimore from Germany on the suggestion of Rabbi Dr.Leo Jung. Schwab led the congregation through the move from McCulloh Street to Glen Avenue, and the growth of the observant community, many of them German refugees.[citation needed] |
| 3 | Menachem Mendel Feldman | 1958 | 1986 | 27–28 years | |
| 4 | Yaakov Hopfer | 1987 | incumbent | 37–38 years | |
