Aconcurrent resolution is aresolution (alegislative measure) adopted by both houses of abicameral legislature that lacks the force oflaw (isnon-binding) and does not require the approval of thechief executive (president). Concurrent resolutions are typically adopted to regulate the internal affairs of the legislature that adopted them, or for other purposes, if authority of law is not necessary (such as in the cases ofawards or recognitions).^[1]

In theUnited States Congress, a concurrent resolution is a resolution passed by both theHouse of Representatives and theSenate but is not presented to thePresident for signature and does not have the force of law. In contrast,joint resolutions andbills are presented to the President and, once signed orapproved over a veto, areenacted and have the force of law.

Concurrent resolutions are generally used to address the sentiments of both chambers or to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses. Examples of concurrent resolutions include:

• providing for a recess or adjournment of more than three days during the session of Congress. (This is required byArticle I, Section 5 of theUnited States Constitution, "Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.")
• permitting the use of theCapitol rotunda, which is under the control of both houses.
• providing for ajoint session of Congress, normally to hear a message from the President, such as theState of the Union address.
• correcting theenrollment of a bill that has already passed both houses.
• asking the President to return a bill that has been presented to him, before he has signed orvetoed the bill.
• launching thebudget process.
• creating a temporaryjoint committee.

Before theSupreme Court of the United States ended the practice in its decision inImmigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha 462 U.S. 919 (1983), concurrent resolutions were sometimes used to override executive actions via a mechanism known as thelegislative veto.

Ifboth houses of Congress were tocensure a President (which has never happened, though both the House and Senate have done so individually) the action would, according toparliamentary procedure, be in the form of a concurrent resolution, as a joint resolution requires the President's signature or veto and has the power of law. A concurrent resolution does not have the power of law, nor does it require action by the executive to take force.

Concurrent resolutions originating in the Senate are abbreviatedS.Con.Res. and those originating in the House are abbreviatedH.Con.Res.

In some U.S. states, astate of emergency can be ended by a concurrent resolution from the state legislature.^[2][3]

• 113th S.Con.Res. 8 - The Fiscal Year 2014 Senate budget, passed on March 23, 2013.^[4]
• 113th H.Con.Res. 25 - The Fiscal Year 2014 House budget, passed on March 21, 2013.^[5]
• Senate Concurrent Resolution 10 of the 113th Congress - A bill to use theUnited States Capitol Visitor Center to celebrate the birthday ofKing Kamehameha.^[6]
• 115 S.Con.Res.3 - SenatorMichael B. Enzi (R-WY) introduced the S. Con. Res. 3 and S.84 on January 3, 2017, a "concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2017 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2018 through 2026."^[7] On January 12, 2017, a resolution provided for "two hours of general debate on S. Con. Res. 3 under a structured rule, and ninety minutes of debate on S.84."
• HJ119 in Florida
• H.Con.Res 83 - Sponsored by RepresentativeElissa Slotkin and passed by the House of Representatives on January 10, 2020, following theU.S. drone strike against theIRGC's commander Major GeneralQasem Soleimani and the subsequent escalation of the 2019-20 Persian Gulf crisis, mandates that PresidentDonald Trump cease military activity againstIran without congressional approval. Theconstitutionality of the resolution is uncertain due to the 1983Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha decision by theBurger Court limitinglegislative veto.^[8][9]

• Bill (law)
• Conditional adjournment
• Joint resolution
• Procedures of the United States Congress
• Simple resolution

• United States congressional resolutions
• Legislative branch of the United States government
• Terminology of the United States Congress

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